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ESP: PubMed Auto Bibliography 03 Dec 2024 at 01:50 Created:
Invasive Species
Standard Definition: Invasive species are plants, animals, or pathogens that are non-native (or alien) to the ecosystem under consideration and whose introduction causes or is likely to cause harm. Although that definition allows a logical possibility that some species might be non-native and harmless, most of time it seems that invasive species and really bad critter (or weed) that should be eradicated are seen as equivalent phrases. But, there is a big conceptual problem with that notion: every species in every ecosystem started out in that ecosystem as an invader. If there were no invasive species, all of Hawaii would be nothing but bare volcanic rock. Without an invasion of species onto land, there would be no terrestrial ecosystems at all. For the entire history of life on Earth, the biosphere has responded to perturbation and to opportunity with evolutionary innovation and with physical movement. While one may raise economic or aesthetic arguments against invasive species, it is impossible to make such an argument on scientific grounds. Species movement — the occurrence of invasive species — is the way the biosphere responds to perturbation. One might even argue that species movement is the primary, short-term "healing" mechanism employed by the biosphere to respond to perturbation — to "damage." As with any healing process, the short-term effect may be aesthetically unappealing (who thinks scabs are appealing?), but the long-term effects can be glorious.
Created with PubMed® Query: ("invasive species" OR "invasion biology" OR "alien species" OR "introduced species" ) NOT pmcbook NOT ispreviousversion
Citations The Papers (from PubMed®)
RevDate: 2024-12-02
On the Relationship Between the Gini Coefficient and Skewness.
Ecology and evolution, 14(12):e70637.
Skewness, a measure of the asymmetry of a distribution, is frequently employed to reflect a biologically important property. Another statistic, the Gini coefficient (GC), originally used to measure economic inequality, has been validated in measuring the inequality of biological size distributions. Given that the GC and skewness control overlapping domains and interact with each other, researchers are perplexed by their relationship (varying with the biological [organ, tissue or cell] size distributions) and use both of them together to provide a more complete picture of the data. This study provides analytical forms of the GC for biological size distributions, including two-parameter Weibull, uniform, normal, two-parameter lognormal, gamma, three-parameter Weibull, three-parameter lognormal, and three-parameter gamma distributions. Two empirical data sets and simulation data sets were used to clarify the GC-skewness relationships under different distributions. For the aforementioned distributions, the GC-skewness relationships can be divided into three types: (i) for a symmetrical distribution, the skewness is 0, and the GC ranges from 0.56 to 0.58 multiplied by the standard deviation divided by the mean irrespective of its relationship with the skewness; (ii) for an asymmetric distribution with a zero threshold, the GC is a monotonously increasing function of the skewness, and the two measures are equivalent; (iii) for an asymmetric distribution with a non-zero threshold, the GC is determined by the skewness and an additional correction factor. We showed the differences in improving the accuracy of GC calculations based on small-sample adjustments among various calculation methods, including the polygon (trapezoidal set) area method and the rotated Lorenz curve method. The present study turns the GC into a property of the distribution and offers a clear understanding for the GC-skewness relationship. This work provides insights into selecting and using the GC to measure inequality in ecological data, facilitating more accurate and meaningful analyses.
Additional Links: PMID-39619790
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39619790,
year = {2024},
author = {Lian, M and Chen, L and Hui, C and Zhu, F and Shi, P},
title = {On the Relationship Between the Gini Coefficient and Skewness.},
journal = {Ecology and evolution},
volume = {14},
number = {12},
pages = {e70637},
pmid = {39619790},
issn = {2045-7758},
abstract = {Skewness, a measure of the asymmetry of a distribution, is frequently employed to reflect a biologically important property. Another statistic, the Gini coefficient (GC), originally used to measure economic inequality, has been validated in measuring the inequality of biological size distributions. Given that the GC and skewness control overlapping domains and interact with each other, researchers are perplexed by their relationship (varying with the biological [organ, tissue or cell] size distributions) and use both of them together to provide a more complete picture of the data. This study provides analytical forms of the GC for biological size distributions, including two-parameter Weibull, uniform, normal, two-parameter lognormal, gamma, three-parameter Weibull, three-parameter lognormal, and three-parameter gamma distributions. Two empirical data sets and simulation data sets were used to clarify the GC-skewness relationships under different distributions. For the aforementioned distributions, the GC-skewness relationships can be divided into three types: (i) for a symmetrical distribution, the skewness is 0, and the GC ranges from 0.56 to 0.58 multiplied by the standard deviation divided by the mean irrespective of its relationship with the skewness; (ii) for an asymmetric distribution with a zero threshold, the GC is a monotonously increasing function of the skewness, and the two measures are equivalent; (iii) for an asymmetric distribution with a non-zero threshold, the GC is determined by the skewness and an additional correction factor. We showed the differences in improving the accuracy of GC calculations based on small-sample adjustments among various calculation methods, including the polygon (trapezoidal set) area method and the rotated Lorenz curve method. The present study turns the GC into a property of the distribution and offers a clear understanding for the GC-skewness relationship. This work provides insights into selecting and using the GC to measure inequality in ecological data, facilitating more accurate and meaningful analyses.},
}
RevDate: 2024-12-02
Live Fast, Die Young: Life History Traits of an Apex Predator Exacerbate the Ecological Impact of a Toxic Invader.
Ecology and evolution, 14(12):e70625.
We studied a population of large varanid lizards (yellow-spotted monitors Varanus panoptes) on a floodplain in tropical Australia. Growth records from radio-tracked lizards show that despite their large adult body sizes (to > 7 kg in males), these lizards attained sexual maturity at less than 1 year of age and rarely lived for more than 2 years (females) or 4 years (males), even before mortality increased due to the arrival of toxic cane toads (Rhinella marina). This is a "faster" life history than has been reported for other species of large monitors. Growth was especially rapid in males during the wet season. The low survivorship prior to toad invasion was due to predation by pythons; communal nesting by female varanids may render them especially vulnerable. The life history of yellow-spotted monitors requires high feeding rates, favouring the evolution of "risky" tactics such as consuming novel prey items (such as cane toads); and the combination of high abundance (> 20 adult lizards per square kilometre) and high feeding rates (> 9.9 kg of prey per lizard per annum) means that these giant lizards play a critical role in energy and nutrient flow within the floodplain ecosystem. As a result, foodwebs with the yellow-spotted monitor as an apex predator are more vulnerable to disruption by cane toads than is the case in other parts of the toad's invasive range, where the varanid species affected by toads have "slower" life histories.
Additional Links: PMID-39619789
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39619789,
year = {2024},
author = {Ward-Fear, G and Brown, GP and Pettit, L and Rollins, LA and Shine, R},
title = {Live Fast, Die Young: Life History Traits of an Apex Predator Exacerbate the Ecological Impact of a Toxic Invader.},
journal = {Ecology and evolution},
volume = {14},
number = {12},
pages = {e70625},
pmid = {39619789},
issn = {2045-7758},
abstract = {We studied a population of large varanid lizards (yellow-spotted monitors Varanus panoptes) on a floodplain in tropical Australia. Growth records from radio-tracked lizards show that despite their large adult body sizes (to > 7 kg in males), these lizards attained sexual maturity at less than 1 year of age and rarely lived for more than 2 years (females) or 4 years (males), even before mortality increased due to the arrival of toxic cane toads (Rhinella marina). This is a "faster" life history than has been reported for other species of large monitors. Growth was especially rapid in males during the wet season. The low survivorship prior to toad invasion was due to predation by pythons; communal nesting by female varanids may render them especially vulnerable. The life history of yellow-spotted monitors requires high feeding rates, favouring the evolution of "risky" tactics such as consuming novel prey items (such as cane toads); and the combination of high abundance (> 20 adult lizards per square kilometre) and high feeding rates (> 9.9 kg of prey per lizard per annum) means that these giant lizards play a critical role in energy and nutrient flow within the floodplain ecosystem. As a result, foodwebs with the yellow-spotted monitor as an apex predator are more vulnerable to disruption by cane toads than is the case in other parts of the toad's invasive range, where the varanid species affected by toads have "slower" life histories.},
}
RevDate: 2024-12-02
Optimising Control Device Luring Strategies for Invasive Predator Control: A Modelling Approach.
Ecology and evolution, 14(12):e70604.
Invasive predators pose a serious threat to native biodiversity, with trapping being one of several methods developed to manage and monitor their populations. Many individuals in these predator populations have been found to display trap-shyness, which hinders eradication and results in inaccurate estimates of population size. Lures are used to help overcome trap-shyness by increasing the probability of interaction with the device, but the extent of trap-shyness in wild populations, and the best timing for the introduction of a new lure or combination of lures, are uncertain. A key challenge for wildlife managers is maximising the efficacy of invasive predator control, particularly in relation to baiting and trapping, so that pests are extirpated, or survivors are reduced to a minimum. We first use a Bayesian estimation method to quantify trap-shyness in a population of brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) in a New Zealand forest; the resulting estimated parameters are then used to calibrate a stochastic, individual-based model simulating the outcomes of different luring scenarios. We show that the brushtail possum population analysed was likely split into a smaller, very trappable group and a larger trap-shy group, with a low mean nightly probability of interaction with traps of 0.28 [0.14-0.56]. Furthermore, our results show that under the assumption of independent attraction levels towards different lures, using a combination of lures simultaneously can result in a greater and faster population knock-down than using a single lure, or than to switch from one lure to another. The model presented can be used to infer wildlife population trappability from capture data, and our simulation results highlight the potential of improved luring strategies to capture individuals in post-control residual populations.
Additional Links: PMID-39619786
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Citation:
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@article {pmid39619786,
year = {2024},
author = {Vattiato, G and Garvey, PM and Binny, RN and Plank, MJ and Gormley, AM and Hickling, GJ},
title = {Optimising Control Device Luring Strategies for Invasive Predator Control: A Modelling Approach.},
journal = {Ecology and evolution},
volume = {14},
number = {12},
pages = {e70604},
pmid = {39619786},
issn = {2045-7758},
abstract = {Invasive predators pose a serious threat to native biodiversity, with trapping being one of several methods developed to manage and monitor their populations. Many individuals in these predator populations have been found to display trap-shyness, which hinders eradication and results in inaccurate estimates of population size. Lures are used to help overcome trap-shyness by increasing the probability of interaction with the device, but the extent of trap-shyness in wild populations, and the best timing for the introduction of a new lure or combination of lures, are uncertain. A key challenge for wildlife managers is maximising the efficacy of invasive predator control, particularly in relation to baiting and trapping, so that pests are extirpated, or survivors are reduced to a minimum. We first use a Bayesian estimation method to quantify trap-shyness in a population of brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) in a New Zealand forest; the resulting estimated parameters are then used to calibrate a stochastic, individual-based model simulating the outcomes of different luring scenarios. We show that the brushtail possum population analysed was likely split into a smaller, very trappable group and a larger trap-shy group, with a low mean nightly probability of interaction with traps of 0.28 [0.14-0.56]. Furthermore, our results show that under the assumption of independent attraction levels towards different lures, using a combination of lures simultaneously can result in a greater and faster population knock-down than using a single lure, or than to switch from one lure to another. The model presented can be used to infer wildlife population trappability from capture data, and our simulation results highlight the potential of improved luring strategies to capture individuals in post-control residual populations.},
}
RevDate: 2024-12-01
Evidence on the performance of nature-based solutions interventions for coastal protection in biogenic, shallow ecosystems: a systematic map.
Environmental evidence, 13(1):28.
BACKGROUND: Combined impacts from anthropogenic pressures and climate change threaten coastal ecosystems and their capacity to protect communities from hazards. One approach towards improving coastal protection is to implement "nature-based solutions" (NBS), which are actions working with nature to benefit nature and humans. Despite recent increases in global implementation of NBS projects for coastal protection, substantial gaps exist in our understanding of NBS performance. To help fill this gap, we systematically mapped the global evidence base on the ecological, physical, economic, and social performance of NBS interventions related to coastal protection. We focused on active NBS interventions, such as restoring or creating habitat, adding structure, or modifying sediment in six shallow biogenic ecosystems: salt marsh, seagrass, kelp forest, mangrove, coral reef, and shellfish reef.
METHODS: We identified potentially relevant articles on the performance of NBS for coastal protection using predefined and tested search strategies across two indexing platforms, one bibliographic database, two open discovery citation indexes, one web-based search engine, and a novel literature discovery tool. We also searched 45 organizational websites for literature and solicited literature from 66 subject matter experts. Potentially relevant articles were deduplicated and then screened by title and abstract with assistance from a machine learning algorithm. Following title and abstract screening, we conducted full text screening, extracted relevant metadata into a predefined codebook, and analyzed the evidence base to determine the distribution and abundance of evidence and answer our research questions on NBS performance.
RESULTS: Our search captured > 37,000 articles, of which 252 met our eligibility criteria for relevance to NBS performance for coastal protection and were included in the systematic map. Evidence stemmed from 31 countries and increased from the 1980s through the 2020s. Active NBS interventions for coastal protection were most often implemented in salt marshes (45%), mangrove forests (26%), and shellfish reefs (20%), whereas there were fewer NBS studies in seagrass meadows (4%), coral reefs (4%), or kelp beds (< 1%). Performance evaluations of NBS were typically conducted using observational or experimental methods at local spatial scales and over short temporal scales (< 1 year to 5 years). Evidence clusters existed for several types of NBS interventions, including restoration and addition of structures (e.g., those consisting of artificial, hybrid, or natural materials), yet evidence gaps existed for NBS interventions like alteration of invasive species. Evaluations of NBS performance commonly focused on ecological (e.g., species and population, habitat, community) and physical (e.g., waves, sediment and morphology) outcomes, whereas pronounced evidence gaps existed for economic (e.g., living standards, capital) and social (e.g., basic infrastructure, health) outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic map highlights evidence clusters and evidence gaps related to the performance of active NBS interventions for coastal protection in shallow, biogenic ecosystems. The synthesized evidence base will help guide future research and management of NBS for coastal protection so that active interventions can be designed, sited, constructed, monitored, and adaptively managed to maximize co-benefits. Promising avenues for future research and management initiatives include implementing broad-scale spatial and temporal monitoring of NBS in multidisciplinary teams to examine not only ecological and physical outcomes but also economic and social outcomes, as well as conducting further synthesis on evidence clusters that may reveal measures of effect for specific NBS interventions. Since NBS can deliver multiple benefits, measuring a diverse suite of response variables, especially those related to ecosystem function, as well as social and economic responses, may help justify and improve societal benefits of NBS. Such an approach can help ensure that NBS can be strategically harnessed and managed to meet coastal protection goals and provide co-benefits for nature and people.
Additional Links: PMID-39617928
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39617928,
year = {2024},
author = {Paxton, AB and Riley, TN and Steenrod, CL and Puckett, BJ and Alemu I, JB and Paliotti, ST and Adler, AM and Exar, L and McLean, JET and Kelley, J and Zhang, YS and Smith, CS and Gittman, RK and Silliman, BR},
title = {Evidence on the performance of nature-based solutions interventions for coastal protection in biogenic, shallow ecosystems: a systematic map.},
journal = {Environmental evidence},
volume = {13},
number = {1},
pages = {28},
pmid = {39617928},
issn = {2047-2382},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Combined impacts from anthropogenic pressures and climate change threaten coastal ecosystems and their capacity to protect communities from hazards. One approach towards improving coastal protection is to implement "nature-based solutions" (NBS), which are actions working with nature to benefit nature and humans. Despite recent increases in global implementation of NBS projects for coastal protection, substantial gaps exist in our understanding of NBS performance. To help fill this gap, we systematically mapped the global evidence base on the ecological, physical, economic, and social performance of NBS interventions related to coastal protection. We focused on active NBS interventions, such as restoring or creating habitat, adding structure, or modifying sediment in six shallow biogenic ecosystems: salt marsh, seagrass, kelp forest, mangrove, coral reef, and shellfish reef.
METHODS: We identified potentially relevant articles on the performance of NBS for coastal protection using predefined and tested search strategies across two indexing platforms, one bibliographic database, two open discovery citation indexes, one web-based search engine, and a novel literature discovery tool. We also searched 45 organizational websites for literature and solicited literature from 66 subject matter experts. Potentially relevant articles were deduplicated and then screened by title and abstract with assistance from a machine learning algorithm. Following title and abstract screening, we conducted full text screening, extracted relevant metadata into a predefined codebook, and analyzed the evidence base to determine the distribution and abundance of evidence and answer our research questions on NBS performance.
RESULTS: Our search captured > 37,000 articles, of which 252 met our eligibility criteria for relevance to NBS performance for coastal protection and were included in the systematic map. Evidence stemmed from 31 countries and increased from the 1980s through the 2020s. Active NBS interventions for coastal protection were most often implemented in salt marshes (45%), mangrove forests (26%), and shellfish reefs (20%), whereas there were fewer NBS studies in seagrass meadows (4%), coral reefs (4%), or kelp beds (< 1%). Performance evaluations of NBS were typically conducted using observational or experimental methods at local spatial scales and over short temporal scales (< 1 year to 5 years). Evidence clusters existed for several types of NBS interventions, including restoration and addition of structures (e.g., those consisting of artificial, hybrid, or natural materials), yet evidence gaps existed for NBS interventions like alteration of invasive species. Evaluations of NBS performance commonly focused on ecological (e.g., species and population, habitat, community) and physical (e.g., waves, sediment and morphology) outcomes, whereas pronounced evidence gaps existed for economic (e.g., living standards, capital) and social (e.g., basic infrastructure, health) outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic map highlights evidence clusters and evidence gaps related to the performance of active NBS interventions for coastal protection in shallow, biogenic ecosystems. The synthesized evidence base will help guide future research and management of NBS for coastal protection so that active interventions can be designed, sited, constructed, monitored, and adaptively managed to maximize co-benefits. Promising avenues for future research and management initiatives include implementing broad-scale spatial and temporal monitoring of NBS in multidisciplinary teams to examine not only ecological and physical outcomes but also economic and social outcomes, as well as conducting further synthesis on evidence clusters that may reveal measures of effect for specific NBS interventions. Since NBS can deliver multiple benefits, measuring a diverse suite of response variables, especially those related to ecosystem function, as well as social and economic responses, may help justify and improve societal benefits of NBS. Such an approach can help ensure that NBS can be strategically harnessed and managed to meet coastal protection goals and provide co-benefits for nature and people.},
}
RevDate: 2024-12-01
CmpDate: 2024-12-01
HPLC-DAD Profiling of Phenolic Components and Comparative Assessment of Antioxidant Potency in Opuntia robusta, Opuntia dillenii, and Opuntia ficus-indica Cladodes at Diverse Stages of Ripening.
Journal of oleo science, 73(12):1529-1540.
Global distribution of prickly pear spans worldwide, with limited cladode exploitation, particularly in Mediterranean regions, excluding American continent nations. Our research reports on three species found in eastern Morocco, including Opuntia ficus indica and the two newly introduced species Opuntia robusta and Opuntia dillenii. The study aims to evaluate the total phenolic content, the amounts of various phenolic compounds classes, and the antioxidant activity across a spectrum of biochemical measurements including the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and total antioxidant capacity assay (TAC). The results showed that O. robusta exhibited the highest total phenolic content (5061.70 mg GAE/100 g) which enhances the significance of this species in terms of nutrition. Differences were also observed in different stage of cladodes maturity, demonstrating that the age factor affects the polyphenol contents. Moreover, O. robusta displays the highest amount of total phenolic compounds (11430.35 μg/g) either for flavonoids or phenolic acids. Furthermore, the oldest cladodes show more higher phenolic compounds (22998.62 μg/g) compared to the youngest one's (20438.54 μg/g). Ten phenolic compounds were identified, in which isorhamnetin represent the most abundant flavonoid (6747.85 μg/g), while the chlorogenic acid was determined as the major phenolic acid (2771.69 μg/g) followed by sinapic acid (2047.64 μg/g). The DPPH assay indicates that O. ficus-indica possessed the higher hydrophilic antioxidants able to reduction the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylradical free radical. While O. robusta exhibited a greater quantity of antioxidants, which effectively reduced the Fe [3+] complex of ferric ions (TPTZ) [3+] . In contrast, old cladodes of O. robusta and O. dillenii demonstrate the higher ability to scavenge the 2,20-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) or ABTS [+].
Additional Links: PMID-39617434
Publisher:
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39617434,
year = {2024},
author = {Marhri, A and Rbah, Y and Allay, A and Boumediene, M and Tikent, A and Benmoumen, A and Melhaoui, R and Elamrani, A and Abid, M and Addi, M},
title = {HPLC-DAD Profiling of Phenolic Components and Comparative Assessment of Antioxidant Potency in Opuntia robusta, Opuntia dillenii, and Opuntia ficus-indica Cladodes at Diverse Stages of Ripening.},
journal = {Journal of oleo science},
volume = {73},
number = {12},
pages = {1529-1540},
doi = {10.5650/jos.ess24034},
pmid = {39617434},
issn = {1347-3352},
mesh = {*Opuntia/chemistry ; *Antioxidants/analysis ; *Phenols/analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Fruit/chemistry ; Polyphenols/analysis ; Plant Extracts/chemistry/analysis ; Flavonoids/analysis ; Biphenyl Compounds ; Picrates ; },
abstract = {Global distribution of prickly pear spans worldwide, with limited cladode exploitation, particularly in Mediterranean regions, excluding American continent nations. Our research reports on three species found in eastern Morocco, including Opuntia ficus indica and the two newly introduced species Opuntia robusta and Opuntia dillenii. The study aims to evaluate the total phenolic content, the amounts of various phenolic compounds classes, and the antioxidant activity across a spectrum of biochemical measurements including the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and total antioxidant capacity assay (TAC). The results showed that O. robusta exhibited the highest total phenolic content (5061.70 mg GAE/100 g) which enhances the significance of this species in terms of nutrition. Differences were also observed in different stage of cladodes maturity, demonstrating that the age factor affects the polyphenol contents. Moreover, O. robusta displays the highest amount of total phenolic compounds (11430.35 μg/g) either for flavonoids or phenolic acids. Furthermore, the oldest cladodes show more higher phenolic compounds (22998.62 μg/g) compared to the youngest one's (20438.54 μg/g). Ten phenolic compounds were identified, in which isorhamnetin represent the most abundant flavonoid (6747.85 μg/g), while the chlorogenic acid was determined as the major phenolic acid (2771.69 μg/g) followed by sinapic acid (2047.64 μg/g). The DPPH assay indicates that O. ficus-indica possessed the higher hydrophilic antioxidants able to reduction the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylradical free radical. While O. robusta exhibited a greater quantity of antioxidants, which effectively reduced the Fe [3+] complex of ferric ions (TPTZ) [3+] . In contrast, old cladodes of O. robusta and O. dillenii demonstrate the higher ability to scavenge the 2,20-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) or ABTS [+].},
}
MeSH Terms:
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*Opuntia/chemistry
*Antioxidants/analysis
*Phenols/analysis
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
Fruit/chemistry
Polyphenols/analysis
Plant Extracts/chemistry/analysis
Flavonoids/analysis
Biphenyl Compounds
Picrates
RevDate: 2024-12-01
Epidemiological Survey of Canine Distemper Virus Infection: Exploring the Link Between Virus Spread and Invasive Raccoon (Procyon lotor) Population Growth in Hokkaido, Japan.
Integrative zoology [Epub ahead of print].
Invasive raccoons (Procyon lotor) naturalized in Hokkaido, Japan, potentially spreading infectious diseases. Canine distemper virus infection is a serious epizootic disease, for which the raccoon is one of the hosts. We investigated the virus's prevalence in Hokkaido's wild raccoons, using 611 serum samples collected from captured raccoons in 2007-2012, 2021, and 2022. Higher seropositivity rates were confirmed in 2007 (32.7%), 2021 (46.4%), and 2022 (46.8%) than in 2008-2012 (0.00%-6.06%), suggesting the occurrence of an epidemic in 2007, 2021, and 2022 and its disappearance in 2008-2012. However, the infection status has recently changed, with high seropositivity rates consecutively confirmed in 2021 and 2022. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationships among the catch per unit effort (an index of animal population density), host and environmental factors, and antibody status. The catch per unit effort correlated with seropositivity in 2007. As for environmental factors, the forest area ratio had a weak influence on seroprevalence in 2007; however, the residential area ratio had a clear influence on seroprevalence in 2021 and 2022. The epidemic occurred in forested areas in 2007; nonetheless, recent raccoon population growth and habitat expansion may have caused widespread infections even around residential areas in 2021 and 2022. Continuous monitoring of the infection and reinforcement of raccoon control programs are necessary to avoid serious damage through disease transmission to sympatric native raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and fox (Vulpes vulpes) populations, as well as health consequences for domestic dogs (Canis familiaris).
Additional Links: PMID-39616616
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PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39616616,
year = {2024},
author = {Minamikawa, M and Ito, M and Kovba, A and Kobayashi, Y and Abe, G and Kooriyama, T and Maeda, K and Shimozuru, M and Tsubota, T and Sashika, M},
title = {Epidemiological Survey of Canine Distemper Virus Infection: Exploring the Link Between Virus Spread and Invasive Raccoon (Procyon lotor) Population Growth in Hokkaido, Japan.},
journal = {Integrative zoology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/1749-4877.12922},
pmid = {39616616},
issn = {1749-4877},
abstract = {Invasive raccoons (Procyon lotor) naturalized in Hokkaido, Japan, potentially spreading infectious diseases. Canine distemper virus infection is a serious epizootic disease, for which the raccoon is one of the hosts. We investigated the virus's prevalence in Hokkaido's wild raccoons, using 611 serum samples collected from captured raccoons in 2007-2012, 2021, and 2022. Higher seropositivity rates were confirmed in 2007 (32.7%), 2021 (46.4%), and 2022 (46.8%) than in 2008-2012 (0.00%-6.06%), suggesting the occurrence of an epidemic in 2007, 2021, and 2022 and its disappearance in 2008-2012. However, the infection status has recently changed, with high seropositivity rates consecutively confirmed in 2021 and 2022. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationships among the catch per unit effort (an index of animal population density), host and environmental factors, and antibody status. The catch per unit effort correlated with seropositivity in 2007. As for environmental factors, the forest area ratio had a weak influence on seroprevalence in 2007; however, the residential area ratio had a clear influence on seroprevalence in 2021 and 2022. The epidemic occurred in forested areas in 2007; nonetheless, recent raccoon population growth and habitat expansion may have caused widespread infections even around residential areas in 2021 and 2022. Continuous monitoring of the infection and reinforcement of raccoon control programs are necessary to avoid serious damage through disease transmission to sympatric native raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and fox (Vulpes vulpes) populations, as well as health consequences for domestic dogs (Canis familiaris).},
}
RevDate: 2024-12-02
CmpDate: 2024-11-29
Influence of season, sex, and interspecific interactions on the diel activity patterns of two sympatric African small carnivores.
Scientific reports, 14(1):29701.
Animal activity patterns vary seasonally and between species, facilitating species coexistence. In Africa, however, factors affecting the activity of many small carnivores remain poorly understood, especially for congeneric and sympatric species whose similar sizes may lead to interspecific competition. Here, we investigated differences and variations in the activity patterns of two sympatric Viverridae species in a seasonal African landscape. We continuously radio-tracked 15 small-spotted genets (Genetta genetta) and five Cape genets (G. tigrina) over 24-h cycles throughout the year. We analysed the effects of season, sex, and interspecific interactions on circadian rhythms using multi-cosinor regression models. Both species maintained a nocturnal activity pattern year-round, decreasing activity significantly during the cold-dry season. This pattern aligns with the thermoregulatory hypothesis-especially for species with an elongated body like genets-suggesting decreased activity under extreme cold weather conditions to conserve energy. Females in both species were less active than males, possibly due to their smaller home ranges, especially during the cold-dry season. These effects were particularly pronounced in Cape genets, which primarily inhabit riverine forests. Female Cape genets adjusted their activity onset, possibly to minimize encounters with males, mostly during the hot-wet season when caring for their offspring. Small-spotted genets shifted their activity onset and peak in riverine forests-areas of potential contact with Cape genets-compared to areas without Cape genets. Overall, our study underscores the critical role of seasonal environmental changes and interspecific interactions in shaping the activity patterns of two carnivore species within a semi-arid Albany Thicket landscape.
Additional Links: PMID-39614080
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39614080,
year = {2024},
author = {Carvalho, F and Galantinho, A and Somers, MJ and Do Linh San, E},
title = {Influence of season, sex, and interspecific interactions on the diel activity patterns of two sympatric African small carnivores.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {29701},
pmid = {39614080},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {SFRH/BPD/115228/2016//Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/ ; 105998//National Research Foundation (NRF), South Africa/ ; URD2004072900003//National Research Foundation/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; *Seasons ; Female ; Male ; *Sympatry ; Circadian Rhythm/physiology ; Africa ; Sex Factors ; Species Specificity ; Carnivora/physiology ; },
abstract = {Animal activity patterns vary seasonally and between species, facilitating species coexistence. In Africa, however, factors affecting the activity of many small carnivores remain poorly understood, especially for congeneric and sympatric species whose similar sizes may lead to interspecific competition. Here, we investigated differences and variations in the activity patterns of two sympatric Viverridae species in a seasonal African landscape. We continuously radio-tracked 15 small-spotted genets (Genetta genetta) and five Cape genets (G. tigrina) over 24-h cycles throughout the year. We analysed the effects of season, sex, and interspecific interactions on circadian rhythms using multi-cosinor regression models. Both species maintained a nocturnal activity pattern year-round, decreasing activity significantly during the cold-dry season. This pattern aligns with the thermoregulatory hypothesis-especially for species with an elongated body like genets-suggesting decreased activity under extreme cold weather conditions to conserve energy. Females in both species were less active than males, possibly due to their smaller home ranges, especially during the cold-dry season. These effects were particularly pronounced in Cape genets, which primarily inhabit riverine forests. Female Cape genets adjusted their activity onset, possibly to minimize encounters with males, mostly during the hot-wet season when caring for their offspring. Small-spotted genets shifted their activity onset and peak in riverine forests-areas of potential contact with Cape genets-compared to areas without Cape genets. Overall, our study underscores the critical role of seasonal environmental changes and interspecific interactions in shaping the activity patterns of two carnivore species within a semi-arid Albany Thicket landscape.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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Animals
*Seasons
Female
Male
*Sympatry
Circadian Rhythm/physiology
Africa
Sex Factors
Species Specificity
Carnivora/physiology
RevDate: 2024-11-29
Revealing potential mechanisms of native and non-native snail coexistence through fecal microbiomes and dietary compositions.
The Science of the total environment, 957:177774 pii:S0048-9697(24)07931-2 [Epub ahead of print].
Understanding how animals coexist within an ecosystem is essential for the conservation of biodiversity. In China, large populations of a non-native snail Rumina decollata (a highly invasive species reported by various other countries) coexist with two native snail species (Acusta ravida and Euphaedusa aculus). However, the potential mechanisms that facilitate this non-native and native snail coexistence remain uncertain. Here, we analyzed the fecal microbiomes and dietary compositions of R. decollata, A. ravida, and E. aculus to elucidate the mechanisms that drive the cohabitation of non-native and native species in Nanjing, China. It was found that the composition of the E. aculus fecal microbiome was similar to that of R. decollata, while it was significantly different from that of A. ravida. Furthermore, R. decollata preyed on E. aculus and had similar plant food compositions like A. ravida. These results indicated that the fecal microbiomes of snails may be adaptable to variable environmental conditions, while being minimally influenced by host genetics. R. decollata integrated a portion of the fecal microbes of E. aculus by preying on them. Our findings highlighted that the coexistence of R. decollata with native snails may have been due to abundant environmental resources, which negated the emergence of strong competition. However, the specific dietary changes of R. decollata and their propagation still need to be continuously monitored to better understand the long-term effects of R. decollata on ecosystems. This research provides a new understanding toward the prevention of invasive species and biodiversity conservation.
Additional Links: PMID-39612711
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PubMed:
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@article {pmid39612711,
year = {2024},
author = {Xu, W and Bai, Y and Xu, T and Chen, Y and Wang, J and Li, T and Liu, Z and Liu, H and Ruan, H},
title = {Revealing potential mechanisms of native and non-native snail coexistence through fecal microbiomes and dietary compositions.},
journal = {The Science of the total environment},
volume = {957},
number = {},
pages = {177774},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177774},
pmid = {39612711},
issn = {1879-1026},
abstract = {Understanding how animals coexist within an ecosystem is essential for the conservation of biodiversity. In China, large populations of a non-native snail Rumina decollata (a highly invasive species reported by various other countries) coexist with two native snail species (Acusta ravida and Euphaedusa aculus). However, the potential mechanisms that facilitate this non-native and native snail coexistence remain uncertain. Here, we analyzed the fecal microbiomes and dietary compositions of R. decollata, A. ravida, and E. aculus to elucidate the mechanisms that drive the cohabitation of non-native and native species in Nanjing, China. It was found that the composition of the E. aculus fecal microbiome was similar to that of R. decollata, while it was significantly different from that of A. ravida. Furthermore, R. decollata preyed on E. aculus and had similar plant food compositions like A. ravida. These results indicated that the fecal microbiomes of snails may be adaptable to variable environmental conditions, while being minimally influenced by host genetics. R. decollata integrated a portion of the fecal microbes of E. aculus by preying on them. Our findings highlighted that the coexistence of R. decollata with native snails may have been due to abundant environmental resources, which negated the emergence of strong competition. However, the specific dietary changes of R. decollata and their propagation still need to be continuously monitored to better understand the long-term effects of R. decollata on ecosystems. This research provides a new understanding toward the prevention of invasive species and biodiversity conservation.},
}
RevDate: 2024-12-02
CmpDate: 2024-12-02
Integrating experiments and monitoring reveals extreme sensitivity of invasive winter annuals to precipitation.
Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America, 34(8):e3051.
In arid and semiarid systems of western North America, the most damaging invasive plants are winter annuals. These plants are destroying wildlife habitat, reducing livestock production, and increasing wildfires. Monitoring these plants for lasting population changes is challenging because their abundances vary widely from year to year. Some of this variation is due to weather, and quantifying effects of weather is important for distinguishing transcient from lasting population changes and understanding effects of climate change. Fall and spring weather affect germination and seed production of the current generation of plants and, therefore, impact population sizes of subsequent generations of plants. Extensive data are required to estimate effects of fall and spring weather on multiple generations of plants. We used Bayesian statistics to integrate experimental and long-term (31 years) monitoring data and quantify invasive annual grass [downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) and Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus Thunb.)] responses to weather. Bromes ranged from nearly absent to comprising half of total biomass depending on three previous years of weather. Brome biomass increased with precipitation one, two, and three falls prior to measurement. Fall precipitation is projected to increase, and a mere 6.5 mm increase, which is just 2% of mean annual precipitation, would increase brome biomass 40% (28%, 54%) (mean [95% CI]) according to our model. Increased fall precipitation could favor many invasive winter annual grasses and forbs. Dry spring conditions reduced brome biomass the current year but increased brome biomass one and likely two (p = 0.08) years later, perhaps because dry conditions weakened perennial competitors. This finding casts doubt on several one-year precipitation experiments that concluded drier spring weather would reduce brome abundances. Integrating short-term experiments and long-term monitoring is useful for estimating invasive plant responses to the weather and characterizing their responses to climate change. Our research provides predictions of brome abundances that could improve monitoring efforts by helping land managers interpret population dynamics in the context of seasonal precipitation patterns.
Additional Links: PMID-39501459
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PubMed:
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@article {pmid39501459,
year = {2024},
author = {Rinella, MJ and Vermeire, LT and Angerer, JP},
title = {Integrating experiments and monitoring reveals extreme sensitivity of invasive winter annuals to precipitation.},
journal = {Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America},
volume = {34},
number = {8},
pages = {e3051},
doi = {10.1002/eap.3051},
pmid = {39501459},
issn = {1051-0761},
mesh = {*Introduced Species ; *Seasons ; *Rain ; *Bromus/physiology ; Environmental Monitoring ; Models, Biological ; Time Factors ; Climate Change ; },
abstract = {In arid and semiarid systems of western North America, the most damaging invasive plants are winter annuals. These plants are destroying wildlife habitat, reducing livestock production, and increasing wildfires. Monitoring these plants for lasting population changes is challenging because their abundances vary widely from year to year. Some of this variation is due to weather, and quantifying effects of weather is important for distinguishing transcient from lasting population changes and understanding effects of climate change. Fall and spring weather affect germination and seed production of the current generation of plants and, therefore, impact population sizes of subsequent generations of plants. Extensive data are required to estimate effects of fall and spring weather on multiple generations of plants. We used Bayesian statistics to integrate experimental and long-term (31 years) monitoring data and quantify invasive annual grass [downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) and Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus Thunb.)] responses to weather. Bromes ranged from nearly absent to comprising half of total biomass depending on three previous years of weather. Brome biomass increased with precipitation one, two, and three falls prior to measurement. Fall precipitation is projected to increase, and a mere 6.5 mm increase, which is just 2% of mean annual precipitation, would increase brome biomass 40% (28%, 54%) (mean [95% CI]) according to our model. Increased fall precipitation could favor many invasive winter annual grasses and forbs. Dry spring conditions reduced brome biomass the current year but increased brome biomass one and likely two (p = 0.08) years later, perhaps because dry conditions weakened perennial competitors. This finding casts doubt on several one-year precipitation experiments that concluded drier spring weather would reduce brome abundances. Integrating short-term experiments and long-term monitoring is useful for estimating invasive plant responses to the weather and characterizing their responses to climate change. Our research provides predictions of brome abundances that could improve monitoring efforts by helping land managers interpret population dynamics in the context of seasonal precipitation patterns.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
*Introduced Species
*Seasons
*Rain
*Bromus/physiology
Environmental Monitoring
Models, Biological
Time Factors
Climate Change
RevDate: 2024-12-02
CmpDate: 2024-12-02
Pathways for accidental biocontrol: The human-mediated dispersal of insect predators and parasitoids.
Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America, 34(8):e3047.
Introductions of insect predators and parasitoids for biological control are a key method for pest management. Yet in recent decades, biological control has become more strictly regulated and less frequent. Conversely, the rate of unintentional insect introductions through human activities is rising. While accidental introductions of insect natural enemies can potentially have serious ecological consequences, they are challenging to quantify as their movements go largely unobserved. We used historical border interception records collected by the US Department of Agriculture from 1913 to 2018 to describe the diversity of entomophagous insects transported unintentionally, their main introduction pathways, and trends in host specificity. There were 35,312 interceptions of insect predators and parasitoids during this period, representing 93 families from 11 orders, and 196 species from these families. Commodity associations varied, but imported plants and plant products were the main introduction pathway. Most interceptions originated with commodities imported from the Neotropical, Panamaian, and Western Palearctic regions. Among the intercepted species, 27% were found in material originating from more than one country. Two thirds of species were polyphagous host generalists. Furthermore, 25% of species had already been introduced intentionally as biological control agents internationally, and 4.6% have documented negative impacts on native biodiversity or human society. Most of the intercepted species that have not established in the United States are host generalists or have at least one known host species available. The unintentional transport of diverse natural enemy insects has the potential to cause substantial ecological impacts, both in terms of controlling pests through accidental biocontrol and disrupting native communities. Characterizing the insects being transported and their introduction pathways can inform biosecurity practices and management.
Additional Links: PMID-39390817
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PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39390817,
year = {2024},
author = {Fenn-Moltu, G and Liebhold, AM and Weber, DC and Bertelsmeier, C},
title = {Pathways for accidental biocontrol: The human-mediated dispersal of insect predators and parasitoids.},
journal = {Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America},
volume = {34},
number = {8},
pages = {e3047},
doi = {10.1002/eap.3047},
pmid = {39390817},
issn = {1051-0761},
support = {//The Fondation Sandoz-Monique de Meuron pour la relève universitaire/ ; //USDA Forest Service International Programs/ ; EVA4.0//OP RDE/ ; CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/000080//OP RDE/ ; //Canton Vaud/ ; 310030_192619/SNSF_/Swiss National Science Foundation/Switzerland ; },
mesh = {Animals ; *Insecta/physiology ; *Pest Control, Biological/methods ; Animal Distribution ; Humans ; United States ; Introduced Species ; Predatory Behavior ; },
abstract = {Introductions of insect predators and parasitoids for biological control are a key method for pest management. Yet in recent decades, biological control has become more strictly regulated and less frequent. Conversely, the rate of unintentional insect introductions through human activities is rising. While accidental introductions of insect natural enemies can potentially have serious ecological consequences, they are challenging to quantify as their movements go largely unobserved. We used historical border interception records collected by the US Department of Agriculture from 1913 to 2018 to describe the diversity of entomophagous insects transported unintentionally, their main introduction pathways, and trends in host specificity. There were 35,312 interceptions of insect predators and parasitoids during this period, representing 93 families from 11 orders, and 196 species from these families. Commodity associations varied, but imported plants and plant products were the main introduction pathway. Most interceptions originated with commodities imported from the Neotropical, Panamaian, and Western Palearctic regions. Among the intercepted species, 27% were found in material originating from more than one country. Two thirds of species were polyphagous host generalists. Furthermore, 25% of species had already been introduced intentionally as biological control agents internationally, and 4.6% have documented negative impacts on native biodiversity or human society. Most of the intercepted species that have not established in the United States are host generalists or have at least one known host species available. The unintentional transport of diverse natural enemy insects has the potential to cause substantial ecological impacts, both in terms of controlling pests through accidental biocontrol and disrupting native communities. Characterizing the insects being transported and their introduction pathways can inform biosecurity practices and management.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
*Insecta/physiology
*Pest Control, Biological/methods
Animal Distribution
Humans
United States
Introduced Species
Predatory Behavior
RevDate: 2024-12-02
CmpDate: 2024-12-02
Modeling cheatgrass distribution, abundance, and response to climate change as a function of soil microclimate.
Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America, 34(8):e3028.
Exotic annual grass invasions in water-limited systems cause degradation of native plant and animal communities and increased fire risk. The life history of invasive annual grasses allows for high sensitivity to interannual variability in weather. Current distribution and abundance models derived from remote sensing, however, provide only a coarse understanding of how species respond to weather, making it difficult to anticipate how climate change will affect vulnerability to invasion. Here, we derived germination covariates (rate sums) from mechanistic germination and soil microclimate models to quantify the favorability of soil microclimate for cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) establishment and growth across 30 years at 2662 sites across the sagebrush steppe system in the western United States. Our approach, using four bioclimatic covariates alone, predicted cheatgrass distribution with accuracy comparable to previous models fit using many years of remotely-sensed imagery. Accuracy metrics from our out-of-sample testing dataset indicate that our model predicted distribution well (72% overall accuracy) but explained patterns of abundance poorly (R[2] = 0.22). Climatic suitability for cheatgrass presence depended on both spatial (mean) and temporal (annual anomaly) variation of fall and spring rate sums. Sites that on average have warm and wet fall soils and warm and wet spring soils (high rate sums during these periods) were predicted to have a high abundance of cheatgrass. Interannual variation in fall soil conditions had a greater impact on cheatgrass presence and abundance than spring conditions. Our model predicts that climate change has already affected cheatgrass distribution with suitable microclimatic conditions expanding 10%-17% from 1989 to 2019 across all aspects at low- to mid-elevation sites, while high- elevation sites (>2100 m) remain unfavorable for cheatgrass due to cold spring and fall soils.
Additional Links: PMID-39284744
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PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39284744,
year = {2024},
author = {Terry, TJ and Hardegree, SP and Adler, PB},
title = {Modeling cheatgrass distribution, abundance, and response to climate change as a function of soil microclimate.},
journal = {Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America},
volume = {34},
number = {8},
pages = {e3028},
doi = {10.1002/eap.3028},
pmid = {39284744},
issn = {1051-0761},
support = {201940/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom ; 201940/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom ; },
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Microclimate ; *Soil ; *Models, Biological ; Bromus/physiology ; Introduced Species ; Plant Dispersal ; },
abstract = {Exotic annual grass invasions in water-limited systems cause degradation of native plant and animal communities and increased fire risk. The life history of invasive annual grasses allows for high sensitivity to interannual variability in weather. Current distribution and abundance models derived from remote sensing, however, provide only a coarse understanding of how species respond to weather, making it difficult to anticipate how climate change will affect vulnerability to invasion. Here, we derived germination covariates (rate sums) from mechanistic germination and soil microclimate models to quantify the favorability of soil microclimate for cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) establishment and growth across 30 years at 2662 sites across the sagebrush steppe system in the western United States. Our approach, using four bioclimatic covariates alone, predicted cheatgrass distribution with accuracy comparable to previous models fit using many years of remotely-sensed imagery. Accuracy metrics from our out-of-sample testing dataset indicate that our model predicted distribution well (72% overall accuracy) but explained patterns of abundance poorly (R[2] = 0.22). Climatic suitability for cheatgrass presence depended on both spatial (mean) and temporal (annual anomaly) variation of fall and spring rate sums. Sites that on average have warm and wet fall soils and warm and wet spring soils (high rate sums during these periods) were predicted to have a high abundance of cheatgrass. Interannual variation in fall soil conditions had a greater impact on cheatgrass presence and abundance than spring conditions. Our model predicts that climate change has already affected cheatgrass distribution with suitable microclimatic conditions expanding 10%-17% from 1989 to 2019 across all aspects at low- to mid-elevation sites, while high- elevation sites (>2100 m) remain unfavorable for cheatgrass due to cold spring and fall soils.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
*Climate Change
*Microclimate
*Soil
*Models, Biological
Bromus/physiology
Introduced Species
Plant Dispersal
RevDate: 2024-11-29
Freshwater fish in mid and northern German rivers - Long-term trends and associated species traits.
The Science of the total environment, 957:177759 pii:S0048-9697(24)07916-6 [Epub ahead of print].
To understand biodiversity change and support conservation decision-making, estimates of species' long-term population trends at regional and national scales are essential. However, such estimates are missing for many freshwater taxa, despite the diverse range of threats that they face. For this study, we mobilised monitoring data on riverine freshwater fish abundance collected across different regions of Germany. We applied generalized mixed effect models to estimate the population trends for 55 native species and 11 non-native species between 2004 and 2020. In addition, we used boosted regression trees to identify trait-based predictors of species trends and assessed their predictive ability. We found evidence of increasing abundance trends for 14 species and decreasing trends for 15 species; while the remaining species were mostly stable (26 species). Native species were more typically decreasing than increasing (14 vs 10 species); while non-native species were more often increasing (4 vs 1 species). Important traits associated with trends were maximum length, spawning temperature, and water quality tolerance, with small species, those spawning at high temperatures, and those preferring unpolluted waters, being most likely to have positive trends. Despite these associations, overall trait-based models showed limited power to predict trends in terms of direction as well as magnitude. Our results highlight the ongoing change in riverine fish communities and the importance of on-going species-level monitoring. The trait-based associations also indicate climate change and invasive species as important drivers of change in European freshwater rivers.
Additional Links: PMID-39612709
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@article {pmid39612709,
year = {2024},
author = {Friedrichs-Manthey, M and Bowler, DE and Freyhof, J},
title = {Freshwater fish in mid and northern German rivers - Long-term trends and associated species traits.},
journal = {The Science of the total environment},
volume = {957},
number = {},
pages = {177759},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177759},
pmid = {39612709},
issn = {1879-1026},
abstract = {To understand biodiversity change and support conservation decision-making, estimates of species' long-term population trends at regional and national scales are essential. However, such estimates are missing for many freshwater taxa, despite the diverse range of threats that they face. For this study, we mobilised monitoring data on riverine freshwater fish abundance collected across different regions of Germany. We applied generalized mixed effect models to estimate the population trends for 55 native species and 11 non-native species between 2004 and 2020. In addition, we used boosted regression trees to identify trait-based predictors of species trends and assessed their predictive ability. We found evidence of increasing abundance trends for 14 species and decreasing trends for 15 species; while the remaining species were mostly stable (26 species). Native species were more typically decreasing than increasing (14 vs 10 species); while non-native species were more often increasing (4 vs 1 species). Important traits associated with trends were maximum length, spawning temperature, and water quality tolerance, with small species, those spawning at high temperatures, and those preferring unpolluted waters, being most likely to have positive trends. Despite these associations, overall trait-based models showed limited power to predict trends in terms of direction as well as magnitude. Our results highlight the ongoing change in riverine fish communities and the importance of on-going species-level monitoring. The trait-based associations also indicate climate change and invasive species as important drivers of change in European freshwater rivers.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-30
CmpDate: 2024-11-30
Global climate change impacts on the potential distribution of typical Trachinotus fishes and early warning assessment of invasions.
Environmental research, 263(Pt 2):120115.
Marine habitats and ecosystems are increasingly being impacted by global climate change and the global spread of captive breeding. In this study, we focused on five typical Trachinotus species (Trachinotus anak, Trachinotus blochii, Trachinotus mookalee, Trachinotus goreenisi, Trachinotus ovatus) as research subjects. We utilized species distribution models and ecological niche models to predict the present and future potential distribution of these species, as well as to assess ecological niche overlap and evaluate the early warning of invasion by Trachinotus species. T. ovatus stands out with its broad distribution range and high adaptability to different environments. It occupies 1.114% of medium-high suitable areas, spanning 100,147 km[2]. Our predictions also suggest that T. ovatus would undergo a significant expansion (approximately 55% of the total area) under both past and future environmental scenarios, demonstrating a higher tolerance and adaptability to changes in ambient temperatures. It can be discerned that T. ovatus exhibits strong environmental adaptability, which may potentially lead to biological invasion along the southeastern coast of China. The T. anak, on the other hand, showed a higher expansion trend under high carbon dioxide concentrations (RCP8.5), indicating a certain convergence with carbon dioxide concentration. Our models showed that under future climatic conditions, T. ovatus would become the dominant species, with increased competition with T. mookalee and decreased competition with T. goreenisi, T. mookalee, and T. anak. Based on our findings and the net-pen culture mode of T. ovatus, we identified the hotspot habitat of T. ovatus to be located in the Indo-Pacific convergence zone. However, there is a possibility of an expansion trend towards the southeast coast of China in the future. Therefore, it is crucial to provide an early warning for the potential biological invasion of T. ovatus.
Additional Links: PMID-39369778
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@article {pmid39369778,
year = {2024},
author = {Chen, S and Xiao, Y and Xiao, Z and Li, J and Herrera-Ulloa, A},
title = {Global climate change impacts on the potential distribution of typical Trachinotus fishes and early warning assessment of invasions.},
journal = {Environmental research},
volume = {263},
number = {Pt 2},
pages = {120115},
doi = {10.1016/j.envres.2024.120115},
pmid = {39369778},
issn = {1096-0953},
mesh = {Animals ; *Climate Change ; *Introduced Species ; China ; Ecosystem ; Animal Distribution ; Fishes ; },
abstract = {Marine habitats and ecosystems are increasingly being impacted by global climate change and the global spread of captive breeding. In this study, we focused on five typical Trachinotus species (Trachinotus anak, Trachinotus blochii, Trachinotus mookalee, Trachinotus goreenisi, Trachinotus ovatus) as research subjects. We utilized species distribution models and ecological niche models to predict the present and future potential distribution of these species, as well as to assess ecological niche overlap and evaluate the early warning of invasion by Trachinotus species. T. ovatus stands out with its broad distribution range and high adaptability to different environments. It occupies 1.114% of medium-high suitable areas, spanning 100,147 km[2]. Our predictions also suggest that T. ovatus would undergo a significant expansion (approximately 55% of the total area) under both past and future environmental scenarios, demonstrating a higher tolerance and adaptability to changes in ambient temperatures. It can be discerned that T. ovatus exhibits strong environmental adaptability, which may potentially lead to biological invasion along the southeastern coast of China. The T. anak, on the other hand, showed a higher expansion trend under high carbon dioxide concentrations (RCP8.5), indicating a certain convergence with carbon dioxide concentration. Our models showed that under future climatic conditions, T. ovatus would become the dominant species, with increased competition with T. mookalee and decreased competition with T. goreenisi, T. mookalee, and T. anak. Based on our findings and the net-pen culture mode of T. ovatus, we identified the hotspot habitat of T. ovatus to be located in the Indo-Pacific convergence zone. However, there is a possibility of an expansion trend towards the southeast coast of China in the future. Therefore, it is crucial to provide an early warning for the potential biological invasion of T. ovatus.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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hide MeSH Terms
Animals
*Climate Change
*Introduced Species
China
Ecosystem
Animal Distribution
Fishes
RevDate: 2024-11-29
Dual roles of methoprene-tolerant gene TaMet in male molting and female reproduction of the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (meyrick).
Frontiers in physiology, 15:1500391.
The tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta) is a highly destructive global quarantine pest. The methoprene-tolerant (Met) protein, a member of the bHLH/PAS family of transcription factors, forms complexes with other family members to transduce the juvenile hormone signal, which regulates insect growth and development. However, the functions of the TaMet gene have rarely been studied in T. absoluta. Herein, we investigated the significance of TaMet in T. absoluta. Spatiotemporal expression analysis revealed that TaMet exhibited comparable expression patterns in males and females, with high expression levels during the early pupal and early adult stages. TaMet was predominantly expressed in the female ovary and male wing. TaMet knockdown impaired ovarian development in female adults, causing irregular arrangement and increased spacing of the egg epithelial cells in the ovary. Silencing TaMet also led to a 67.25% reduction in female spawning and a 67.21% decrease in the offspring hatching rate. Furthermore, the vitellogenin content was significantly diminished, and the expression levels of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) genes were significantly downregulated. In contrast, silencing TaMet in 3-day-old male pupae resulted in an 80% mortality rate and various phenotypic abnormalities, including body melanism, molting defects, and wing deformities. Moreover, the expression levels of wing development and chitin metabolism genes decreased significantly after knocking down TaMet. Our results indicate that TaMet plays a significant dual role in male molting and female reproduction of T. absoluta.
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@article {pmid39611077,
year = {2024},
author = {Zhang, T and Xu, K and Liu, D and Ma, H and Liu, W and Yang, W},
title = {Dual roles of methoprene-tolerant gene TaMet in male molting and female reproduction of the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (meyrick).},
journal = {Frontiers in physiology},
volume = {15},
number = {},
pages = {1500391},
pmid = {39611077},
issn = {1664-042X},
abstract = {The tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta) is a highly destructive global quarantine pest. The methoprene-tolerant (Met) protein, a member of the bHLH/PAS family of transcription factors, forms complexes with other family members to transduce the juvenile hormone signal, which regulates insect growth and development. However, the functions of the TaMet gene have rarely been studied in T. absoluta. Herein, we investigated the significance of TaMet in T. absoluta. Spatiotemporal expression analysis revealed that TaMet exhibited comparable expression patterns in males and females, with high expression levels during the early pupal and early adult stages. TaMet was predominantly expressed in the female ovary and male wing. TaMet knockdown impaired ovarian development in female adults, causing irregular arrangement and increased spacing of the egg epithelial cells in the ovary. Silencing TaMet also led to a 67.25% reduction in female spawning and a 67.21% decrease in the offspring hatching rate. Furthermore, the vitellogenin content was significantly diminished, and the expression levels of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) genes were significantly downregulated. In contrast, silencing TaMet in 3-day-old male pupae resulted in an 80% mortality rate and various phenotypic abnormalities, including body melanism, molting defects, and wing deformities. Moreover, the expression levels of wing development and chitin metabolism genes decreased significantly after knocking down TaMet. Our results indicate that TaMet plays a significant dual role in male molting and female reproduction of T. absoluta.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-28
CmpDate: 2024-11-28
Variability of functional and biodiversity responses to perturbations is predictable and informative.
Nature communications, 15(1):10352.
Perturbations such as climate change, invasive species and pollution, impact the functioning and diversity of ecosystems. However diversity has many meanings, and ecosystems provide a plethora of functions. Thus, on top of the various perturbations that global change represents, there are also many ways to measure a perturbation's ecological impact. This leads to an overwhelming response variability, which undermines hopes of prediction. Here, we show that this variability can instead provide insights into hidden features of functions and of species responses to perturbations. By analysing a dataset of global change experiments in microbial soil systems we first show that the variability of functional and diversity responses to perturbations is not random; functions that are mechanistically similar tend to respond coherently. Furthermore, diversity metrics and broad functions (e.g. total biomass) systematically respond in opposite ways. We then formalise these observations to demonstrate, using geometrical arguments, simulations, and a theory-driven analysis of the empirical data, that the response variability of ecosystems is not only predictable, but can also be used to access useful information about species contributions to functions and population-level responses to perturbations. Our research offers a powerful framework for understanding the complexity of ecological responses to global change.
Additional Links: PMID-39609377
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@article {pmid39609377,
year = {2024},
author = {Orr, JA and Piggott, JJ and Jackson, AL and Jackson, MC and Arnoldi, JF},
title = {Variability of functional and biodiversity responses to perturbations is predictable and informative.},
journal = {Nature communications},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {10352},
pmid = {39609377},
issn = {2041-1723},
support = {NE/V001396/1//RCUK | Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)/ ; IRCLA/2017/112//Irish Research Council (An Chomhairle um Thaighde in Éirinn)/ ; },
mesh = {*Biodiversity ; *Climate Change ; *Ecosystem ; Biomass ; Soil Microbiology ; Introduced Species ; Soil/chemistry ; },
abstract = {Perturbations such as climate change, invasive species and pollution, impact the functioning and diversity of ecosystems. However diversity has many meanings, and ecosystems provide a plethora of functions. Thus, on top of the various perturbations that global change represents, there are also many ways to measure a perturbation's ecological impact. This leads to an overwhelming response variability, which undermines hopes of prediction. Here, we show that this variability can instead provide insights into hidden features of functions and of species responses to perturbations. By analysing a dataset of global change experiments in microbial soil systems we first show that the variability of functional and diversity responses to perturbations is not random; functions that are mechanistically similar tend to respond coherently. Furthermore, diversity metrics and broad functions (e.g. total biomass) systematically respond in opposite ways. We then formalise these observations to demonstrate, using geometrical arguments, simulations, and a theory-driven analysis of the empirical data, that the response variability of ecosystems is not only predictable, but can also be used to access useful information about species contributions to functions and population-level responses to perturbations. Our research offers a powerful framework for understanding the complexity of ecological responses to global change.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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*Biodiversity
*Climate Change
*Ecosystem
Biomass
Soil Microbiology
Introduced Species
Soil/chemistry
RevDate: 2024-11-28
Assessment on major browse feed resources and determine their chemical composition in Korhaye zone, Somali Region, Ethiopia.
Heliyon, 10(22):e40178.
Assessment of major browse feed resources and determine the chemical composition of selected browse feed resource in Korahay Zone, Somali Regional State, was the aim of this study. Kebeles and the household heads were selected purposively in study area. The samples of fresh leaves (800 g) of selected browse species were collected to determine chemical compositions. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. The feed related constraints were ranked and analyzed by the ranking index. The current result indicated that, total of 22 trees, 6 shrub, 4 bush and 6 herbaceous species used as feed for livestock in dry and/or wet season were identified in the study area. DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF, ADL and Ash of Dobera glabra, Grewia bicolor, Boscia minimfolia, Prosopis juliflora, Acacia Senegal, Unidentified (Alankhayir), Unidentified (Geed chic) were determined in current laboratory analysis. DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF, ADL and Ash of Dobera glabra was 92.8 %, 94.28 %, 14.4 %, 42.5 %, 26.9 %, 5.22 % and 5.73 % respectively. Finally, feed quality and quantity, drought, invasive species and ecological deterioration were identified as major constraints of feed resources in study area. Due to this, intervention and further study should be conducted to tackle existing feed and feed related issues.
Additional Links: PMID-39605811
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@article {pmid39605811,
year = {2024},
author = {Tadesse, W and Babege, K and Wandara, S},
title = {Assessment on major browse feed resources and determine their chemical composition in Korhaye zone, Somali Region, Ethiopia.},
journal = {Heliyon},
volume = {10},
number = {22},
pages = {e40178},
pmid = {39605811},
issn = {2405-8440},
abstract = {Assessment of major browse feed resources and determine the chemical composition of selected browse feed resource in Korahay Zone, Somali Regional State, was the aim of this study. Kebeles and the household heads were selected purposively in study area. The samples of fresh leaves (800 g) of selected browse species were collected to determine chemical compositions. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. The feed related constraints were ranked and analyzed by the ranking index. The current result indicated that, total of 22 trees, 6 shrub, 4 bush and 6 herbaceous species used as feed for livestock in dry and/or wet season were identified in the study area. DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF, ADL and Ash of Dobera glabra, Grewia bicolor, Boscia minimfolia, Prosopis juliflora, Acacia Senegal, Unidentified (Alankhayir), Unidentified (Geed chic) were determined in current laboratory analysis. DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF, ADL and Ash of Dobera glabra was 92.8 %, 94.28 %, 14.4 %, 42.5 %, 26.9 %, 5.22 % and 5.73 % respectively. Finally, feed quality and quantity, drought, invasive species and ecological deterioration were identified as major constraints of feed resources in study area. Due to this, intervention and further study should be conducted to tackle existing feed and feed related issues.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-30
CmpDate: 2024-11-30
Contrasting pollution responses of native and non-native fish communities in anthropogenically disturbed estuaries unveiled by eDNA metabarcoding.
Journal of hazardous materials, 480:136323.
Understanding the influence of environmental pollutants on the assembly mechanisms of estuarine fish communities is vital for addressing conservation challenges in these biodiverse ecosystems. Although significant research has explored the toxic impacts of pollutants such as petroleum, heavy metals, and eutrophication on individual species and populations, their effects on community assembly processes and the differential responses of native versus non-native fish at the meta-community level remain inadequately understood. This study utilized environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to analyze fish community diversity across 28 subtropical estuaries in China, assessing how these pollutants affect community composition and assembly mechanisms. Results indicated that eDNA was 2.54 times more effective than traditional methods in species identification, while also enabling the detection of a higher number of non-native fish species and more diverse functional guilds within estuarine ecosystems. A significant distance decay pattern (p < 0.05) was observed among native fish, whereas non-native species exhibited non-significant patterns. Neutral and null models showed that non-native species had significantly higher migration rates (0.005939 vs 0.001757) and a greater contribution of stochastic processes (82.38 % vs 70.59 %) compared to native species. Additionally, distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA), variance partitioning analysis (VPA), and correlation analyses revealed that native species were strongly constrained by environmental factors, particularly oil, Hg, Zn, Pb, Cr[6+], and NH4[+], while non[-]native species displayed notable resilience to these pollutants. These findings highlight the potential for non-native species to disproportionately influence community dynamics and assembly through unrestricted random dispersal amid environmental disturbances. This research clarifies the contrasting ecological responses of native and non-native fish communities to anthropogenic pressures in estuarine environments, offering essential insights into ecosystem resilience and informing biodiversity conservation strategies in rapidly changing coastal ecosystems.
Additional Links: PMID-39536350
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PubMed:
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@article {pmid39536350,
year = {2024},
author = {Chen, W and Wang, J and Zhao, Y and He, Y and Chen, J and Dong, C and Liu, L and Wang, J and Zhou, L},
title = {Contrasting pollution responses of native and non-native fish communities in anthropogenically disturbed estuaries unveiled by eDNA metabarcoding.},
journal = {Journal of hazardous materials},
volume = {480},
number = {},
pages = {136323},
doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136323},
pmid = {39536350},
issn = {1873-3336},
mesh = {Animals ; *Estuaries ; *Fishes/genetics ; *Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity/analysis ; *Introduced Species ; *DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; DNA, Environmental ; Biodiversity ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; China ; },
abstract = {Understanding the influence of environmental pollutants on the assembly mechanisms of estuarine fish communities is vital for addressing conservation challenges in these biodiverse ecosystems. Although significant research has explored the toxic impacts of pollutants such as petroleum, heavy metals, and eutrophication on individual species and populations, their effects on community assembly processes and the differential responses of native versus non-native fish at the meta-community level remain inadequately understood. This study utilized environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to analyze fish community diversity across 28 subtropical estuaries in China, assessing how these pollutants affect community composition and assembly mechanisms. Results indicated that eDNA was 2.54 times more effective than traditional methods in species identification, while also enabling the detection of a higher number of non-native fish species and more diverse functional guilds within estuarine ecosystems. A significant distance decay pattern (p < 0.05) was observed among native fish, whereas non-native species exhibited non-significant patterns. Neutral and null models showed that non-native species had significantly higher migration rates (0.005939 vs 0.001757) and a greater contribution of stochastic processes (82.38 % vs 70.59 %) compared to native species. Additionally, distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA), variance partitioning analysis (VPA), and correlation analyses revealed that native species were strongly constrained by environmental factors, particularly oil, Hg, Zn, Pb, Cr[6+], and NH4[+], while non[-]native species displayed notable resilience to these pollutants. These findings highlight the potential for non-native species to disproportionately influence community dynamics and assembly through unrestricted random dispersal amid environmental disturbances. This research clarifies the contrasting ecological responses of native and non-native fish communities to anthropogenic pressures in estuarine environments, offering essential insights into ecosystem resilience and informing biodiversity conservation strategies in rapidly changing coastal ecosystems.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
*Estuaries
*Fishes/genetics
*Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity/analysis
*Introduced Species
*DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic
DNA, Environmental
Biodiversity
Environmental Monitoring/methods
China
RevDate: 2024-11-28
Rapid wing size evolution in African fig flies (Zaprionus indianus) following temperate colonization.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology pii:2024.11.15.623845.
Invasive species often encounter novel selective pressures in their invaded range, and understanding their potential for rapid evolution is critical for developing effective management strategies. Zaprionus indianus is an invasive drosophilid native to Africa that reached Florida in 2005 and likely re-establishes temperate North American populations each year. We addressed two evolutionary questions in this system: first, do populations evolve phenotypic changes in the generations immediately following colonization of temperate environments? Second, does Z. indianus evolve directional phenotypic changes along a latitudinal cline? We established isofemale lines from wild collections across space and time and measured twelve ecologically relevant phenotypes, using a reference population as a control. Z. indianus evolved smaller wings following colonization, suggesting early colonizers have larger wings, but smaller wings are favorable after colonization. No other phenotypes changed significantly following colonization or across latitudes, but we did see significant post-colonization changes in principal components of all phenotypes. We documented substantial laboratory evolution and effects of the laboratory environment across multiple phenotypes, emphasizing the importance of controlling for both possibilities when conducting common garden studies. Our results demonstrate the potential for rapid adaptation in Z. indianus, which could contribute to its success and expansion throughout invaded ecosystems.
Additional Links: PMID-39605430
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@article {pmid39605430,
year = {2024},
author = {Gray, WJ and Rakes, LM and Cole, C and Gunter, A and He, J and Morgan, S and Walsh-Antzak, CR and Yates, JA and Erickson, PA},
title = {Rapid wing size evolution in African fig flies (Zaprionus indianus) following temperate colonization.},
journal = {bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1101/2024.11.15.623845},
pmid = {39605430},
issn = {2692-8205},
abstract = {Invasive species often encounter novel selective pressures in their invaded range, and understanding their potential for rapid evolution is critical for developing effective management strategies. Zaprionus indianus is an invasive drosophilid native to Africa that reached Florida in 2005 and likely re-establishes temperate North American populations each year. We addressed two evolutionary questions in this system: first, do populations evolve phenotypic changes in the generations immediately following colonization of temperate environments? Second, does Z. indianus evolve directional phenotypic changes along a latitudinal cline? We established isofemale lines from wild collections across space and time and measured twelve ecologically relevant phenotypes, using a reference population as a control. Z. indianus evolved smaller wings following colonization, suggesting early colonizers have larger wings, but smaller wings are favorable after colonization. No other phenotypes changed significantly following colonization or across latitudes, but we did see significant post-colonization changes in principal components of all phenotypes. We documented substantial laboratory evolution and effects of the laboratory environment across multiple phenotypes, emphasizing the importance of controlling for both possibilities when conducting common garden studies. Our results demonstrate the potential for rapid adaptation in Z. indianus, which could contribute to its success and expansion throughout invaded ecosystems.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-29
CmpDate: 2024-11-28
eDNA metabarcoding reveals differences in fish diversity and community structure in Danjiang River.
Scientific reports, 14(1):29460.
Fish diversity, an important indicator of aquatic ecosystem health, is declining due to water pollution, overfishing, climate change, and invasive species. Effective surveying and monitoring are required to protect fish diversity. Here, a high-sensitivity environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding technique was used to investigate fish diversity in the Danjiang River, Shaanxi Province, China. In total, 59 species were identified in eight orders, 19 families, and 40 genera. Cypriniformes and Perciformes were the main groups in the survey area, while Cyprinidae accounted for 50.85% of the total fish species. Rhinogobius similis (19%), Hemibarbus umbrifer (11%), Gnathopogon herzensteini (10%), Triplophysa stewarti (8%), and Zacco platypus (7%) were the dominant species. Eight rare and two exotic fish species were identified. Combined with analysis of historical data, the richness of fish identified using eDNA metabarcoding was significantly higher than that of fish captured in ground cages. Temperature, pH, and oxidation-reduction potential are the main environmental factors that affect the spatial distribution of fish communities. These results suggest that eDNA metabarcoding could be a new tool with broad application prospects; however, local databases must be improved. This study provides theoretical data and a methodological reference for protecting and managing fish diversity in the Qinling Mountains.
Additional Links: PMID-39604440
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Citation:
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@article {pmid39604440,
year = {2024},
author = {Deng, J and Zhang, X and Yao, X and Rao, J and Dai, F and Wang, H and Wang, Y and Jiang, W},
title = {eDNA metabarcoding reveals differences in fish diversity and community structure in Danjiang River.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {29460},
pmid = {39604440},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {2024JC-YBMS-157//Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China/ ; 31502170//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 2023k-02//Foundation of Shaanxi Academy of Sciences of China/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; *Rivers ; *DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic/methods ; China ; *Biodiversity ; *Fishes/genetics/classification ; *DNA, Environmental/genetics/analysis ; Ecosystem ; },
abstract = {Fish diversity, an important indicator of aquatic ecosystem health, is declining due to water pollution, overfishing, climate change, and invasive species. Effective surveying and monitoring are required to protect fish diversity. Here, a high-sensitivity environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding technique was used to investigate fish diversity in the Danjiang River, Shaanxi Province, China. In total, 59 species were identified in eight orders, 19 families, and 40 genera. Cypriniformes and Perciformes were the main groups in the survey area, while Cyprinidae accounted for 50.85% of the total fish species. Rhinogobius similis (19%), Hemibarbus umbrifer (11%), Gnathopogon herzensteini (10%), Triplophysa stewarti (8%), and Zacco platypus (7%) were the dominant species. Eight rare and two exotic fish species were identified. Combined with analysis of historical data, the richness of fish identified using eDNA metabarcoding was significantly higher than that of fish captured in ground cages. Temperature, pH, and oxidation-reduction potential are the main environmental factors that affect the spatial distribution of fish communities. These results suggest that eDNA metabarcoding could be a new tool with broad application prospects; however, local databases must be improved. This study provides theoretical data and a methodological reference for protecting and managing fish diversity in the Qinling Mountains.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
*Rivers
*DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic/methods
China
*Biodiversity
*Fishes/genetics/classification
*DNA, Environmental/genetics/analysis
Ecosystem
RevDate: 2024-11-29
CmpDate: 2024-11-29
Impact of timing on the invasion of synthetic bacterial communities.
The ISME journal, 18(1):.
Microbial communities regularly experience ecological invasions that can lead to changes in composition and function. Factors thought to impact susceptibility to invasions, such as diversity and resource use, vary over the course of community assembly. We used synthetic bacterial communities to evaluate the success and impact of invasions occurring at different times during the community assembly process. Fifteen distinct communities were subjected to each of three bacterial invaders at the initial assembly of the community ("initial invasion"), 24 h into community assembly ("early invasion"), when the community was still undergoing transient dynamics, and 7 days into community assembly ("late invasion"), once the community had settled into its final composition. Communities were passaged daily and characterized through sequencing after reaching a stable composition. Invasions often failed to persist over time, particularly in higher richness communities. However, invasions had their largest effect on composition when they occurred before a community had settled into a stable composition. We found instances where an invader was ultimately excluded yet had profound and long-lasting effects on invaded communities. Invasion outcome was positively associated with lower community richness and resource use efficiency by the community, which varied throughout assembly. Our results demonstrate that microbial communities experiencing transient community dynamics are more affected by, and in some instances prone to, invasion, a finding relevant to efforts to modify the composition of microbial communities.
Additional Links: PMID-39498487
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@article {pmid39498487,
year = {2024},
author = {Dooley, KD and Henry, LP and Bergelson, J},
title = {Impact of timing on the invasion of synthetic bacterial communities.},
journal = {The ISME journal},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/ismejo/wrae220},
pmid = {39498487},
issn = {1751-7370},
support = {//Hutchinson Fund at The University of Chicago/ ; //The Simons Foundation/ ; 951444//ERC Synergy/ ; },
mesh = {*Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification ; *Microbiota ; Biodiversity ; Introduced Species ; Time Factors ; },
abstract = {Microbial communities regularly experience ecological invasions that can lead to changes in composition and function. Factors thought to impact susceptibility to invasions, such as diversity and resource use, vary over the course of community assembly. We used synthetic bacterial communities to evaluate the success and impact of invasions occurring at different times during the community assembly process. Fifteen distinct communities were subjected to each of three bacterial invaders at the initial assembly of the community ("initial invasion"), 24 h into community assembly ("early invasion"), when the community was still undergoing transient dynamics, and 7 days into community assembly ("late invasion"), once the community had settled into its final composition. Communities were passaged daily and characterized through sequencing after reaching a stable composition. Invasions often failed to persist over time, particularly in higher richness communities. However, invasions had their largest effect on composition when they occurred before a community had settled into a stable composition. We found instances where an invader was ultimately excluded yet had profound and long-lasting effects on invaded communities. Invasion outcome was positively associated with lower community richness and resource use efficiency by the community, which varied throughout assembly. Our results demonstrate that microbial communities experiencing transient community dynamics are more affected by, and in some instances prone to, invasion, a finding relevant to efforts to modify the composition of microbial communities.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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hide MeSH Terms
*Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification
*Microbiota
Biodiversity
Introduced Species
Time Factors
RevDate: 2024-11-27
CmpDate: 2024-11-27
Rhizospheric soil chemical properties and microbial response to a gradient of Chromolaena odorata(L) invasion in the Mount Cameroon Region.
PloS one, 19(11):e0312199.
Chromolaena odorata is a noxious alien invasive weed species with an enormous impact on the terrestrial ecosystem. The allelopathic potentials of this weed have had little attention, leading to changes in soil properties and microbial communities. This study investigates the impacts of Chromolaena odorata invasion gradients on rhizospheric soil chemical properties and microbial response in the Mount Cameroon Region. Forty-eight soil samples at four different degrees of invasion (uninvaded, low degree invasion, moderate degree invasion and high degree invasion) based on species coverage within subplots in four study areas were collected and rhizospheric soil chemical properties, microbial load, phosphatases activities and secondary metabolites were evaluated. At medium-degree invasion, rhizospheric soil concentrations of P, K and Fe increased with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization and phosphatases enzyme activities. Soil C, N and organic matter were significantly increased at high-degree invasion, supporting the use of the plant as a fallow crop. Acid phosphatase activity ranged from 0.69 to 0.90 mmol h-1 kg-1 and was significantly different at different degrees of invasion. AMF colonization ranged from 23.33 to 50.00%, with a strong positive correlation between AMF colonization and phosphatase activity. Soil bacterial load was high (46 × 105 CFU/g- 67 × 105 CFU/g), with mostly Staphylococcus having health concerns about its spread. The invasion situation had no significant effect on soil bacterial load, but high-degree invasion significantly increased fungal load. Low-degree invaded soils had high saponin (24.55±0.00 mg/g), flavonoid (47.7 mg/g) and tannin (28.68 mg/g) concentrations. The investigation reveals that Chromolaena odorata invasion altered rhizospheric soil properties and microbial communities significantly, thereby influencing ecosystem dynamics and soil nutrient availability. However, further studies elucidating kinds of secondary metabolites, identifying microbial communities, and monitoring soil changes influenced by C. odorata are essential for effective ecosystem management.
Additional Links: PMID-39602468
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Citation:
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@article {pmid39602468,
year = {2024},
author = {Juru, VN and Ndam, LM and Tatah, BN and Fonge, BA},
title = {Rhizospheric soil chemical properties and microbial response to a gradient of Chromolaena odorata(L) invasion in the Mount Cameroon Region.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {19},
number = {11},
pages = {e0312199},
pmid = {39602468},
issn = {1932-6203},
mesh = {*Chromolaena/microbiology ; *Soil Microbiology ; Cameroon ; *Introduced Species ; *Soil/chemistry ; *Rhizosphere ; *Mycorrhizae/physiology ; Microbiota ; Ecosystem ; },
abstract = {Chromolaena odorata is a noxious alien invasive weed species with an enormous impact on the terrestrial ecosystem. The allelopathic potentials of this weed have had little attention, leading to changes in soil properties and microbial communities. This study investigates the impacts of Chromolaena odorata invasion gradients on rhizospheric soil chemical properties and microbial response in the Mount Cameroon Region. Forty-eight soil samples at four different degrees of invasion (uninvaded, low degree invasion, moderate degree invasion and high degree invasion) based on species coverage within subplots in four study areas were collected and rhizospheric soil chemical properties, microbial load, phosphatases activities and secondary metabolites were evaluated. At medium-degree invasion, rhizospheric soil concentrations of P, K and Fe increased with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization and phosphatases enzyme activities. Soil C, N and organic matter were significantly increased at high-degree invasion, supporting the use of the plant as a fallow crop. Acid phosphatase activity ranged from 0.69 to 0.90 mmol h-1 kg-1 and was significantly different at different degrees of invasion. AMF colonization ranged from 23.33 to 50.00%, with a strong positive correlation between AMF colonization and phosphatase activity. Soil bacterial load was high (46 × 105 CFU/g- 67 × 105 CFU/g), with mostly Staphylococcus having health concerns about its spread. The invasion situation had no significant effect on soil bacterial load, but high-degree invasion significantly increased fungal load. Low-degree invaded soils had high saponin (24.55±0.00 mg/g), flavonoid (47.7 mg/g) and tannin (28.68 mg/g) concentrations. The investigation reveals that Chromolaena odorata invasion altered rhizospheric soil properties and microbial communities significantly, thereby influencing ecosystem dynamics and soil nutrient availability. However, further studies elucidating kinds of secondary metabolites, identifying microbial communities, and monitoring soil changes influenced by C. odorata are essential for effective ecosystem management.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
*Chromolaena/microbiology
*Soil Microbiology
Cameroon
*Introduced Species
*Soil/chemistry
*Rhizosphere
*Mycorrhizae/physiology
Microbiota
Ecosystem
RevDate: 2024-11-28
Effect of Pomacea canaliculata on Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri: Behavior, Oxidative Stress, and Microbiota Alterations.
Ecology and evolution, 14(11):e70603.
Pomacea canaliculata is an invasive species which has significantly impacted native ecosystems globally. The benthic worm Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri is essential for the stability of the native aquatic ecosystem, facilitating the nutrient cycle dynamics through bioturbation. Nevertheless, limited information exists regarding the impact of P. canaliculata on those key native benthic species. Present study evaluated the impacts of P. canaliculata on L. hoffmeisteri by exposing L. hoffmeisteri to P. canaliculata (PC group) and the native snail Bellamya aeruginosa (BA group), with a control group consisting of no snails (NS group). The survival rate of L. hoffmeisteri in the PC group persisted diminished over 14 days, with notable declines in the rates of successful food acquisition and aggregation, an increase in migration, and a decrease in swing frequency. Elevated oxidative stress levels were linked to these alterations in L. hoffmeisteri behavior. Additionally, the presence of P. canaliculata increased the abundance of intestinal pathogenic bacteria in L. hoffmeisteri, with Aeromonas being one of the most lethal. Experimental models of Aeromonas-free P. canaliculata (AFPC), re-infected AFPC (IPC), and Aeromonas (As) were established to illustrate the role of Aeromonas in the decline of L. hoffmeisteri. Similar patterns in L. hoffmeisteri survival, behavior, and oxidative stress were observed in As, IPC, and PC group; however, these effects were mitigated by the elimination of Aeromonas in the AFPC group. Furthermore, L. hoffmeisteri was fatally affected by the four Aeromonas strains that were obtained from P. canaliculata intestine. These findings indicate that P. canaliculata exerts a deleterious impact on L. hoffmeisteri, and Aeromonas colonizing in intestine plays an important role. This study reveals a novel invasion mechanism of P. canaliculata.
Additional Links: PMID-39600922
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39600922,
year = {2024},
author = {Liu, M and Sui, C and Wang, B and Ma, P and Zhang, W and Huang, R and Wang, Y and Qiu, Z and Zhao, W and Zhang, T and Zhang, Q and Liu, Y},
title = {Effect of Pomacea canaliculata on Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri: Behavior, Oxidative Stress, and Microbiota Alterations.},
journal = {Ecology and evolution},
volume = {14},
number = {11},
pages = {e70603},
pmid = {39600922},
issn = {2045-7758},
abstract = {Pomacea canaliculata is an invasive species which has significantly impacted native ecosystems globally. The benthic worm Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri is essential for the stability of the native aquatic ecosystem, facilitating the nutrient cycle dynamics through bioturbation. Nevertheless, limited information exists regarding the impact of P. canaliculata on those key native benthic species. Present study evaluated the impacts of P. canaliculata on L. hoffmeisteri by exposing L. hoffmeisteri to P. canaliculata (PC group) and the native snail Bellamya aeruginosa (BA group), with a control group consisting of no snails (NS group). The survival rate of L. hoffmeisteri in the PC group persisted diminished over 14 days, with notable declines in the rates of successful food acquisition and aggregation, an increase in migration, and a decrease in swing frequency. Elevated oxidative stress levels were linked to these alterations in L. hoffmeisteri behavior. Additionally, the presence of P. canaliculata increased the abundance of intestinal pathogenic bacteria in L. hoffmeisteri, with Aeromonas being one of the most lethal. Experimental models of Aeromonas-free P. canaliculata (AFPC), re-infected AFPC (IPC), and Aeromonas (As) were established to illustrate the role of Aeromonas in the decline of L. hoffmeisteri. Similar patterns in L. hoffmeisteri survival, behavior, and oxidative stress were observed in As, IPC, and PC group; however, these effects were mitigated by the elimination of Aeromonas in the AFPC group. Furthermore, L. hoffmeisteri was fatally affected by the four Aeromonas strains that were obtained from P. canaliculata intestine. These findings indicate that P. canaliculata exerts a deleterious impact on L. hoffmeisteri, and Aeromonas colonizing in intestine plays an important role. This study reveals a novel invasion mechanism of P. canaliculata.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-27
Assessing the Host Range of Ophraella communa for the Biological Control of Ambrosia artemisiifolia in France.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 13(22):.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia is a well-known invasive species in Europe, causing health issues with its extremely allergenic pollen and yield loss through competition in agriculture. One potential biological control agent is Ophraella communa, accidentally introduced in Europe in 2013. This species was discovered in France in 2023, but before planning further mass releases for biological control, it is necessary to assess its safety for agricultural crops and local plant biodiversity. Prior to its first detection in France, we conducted a host-range study of the beetle in a confined laboratory with no-choice and choice tests for 16 plant species, selected based on the centrifugal phylogenetic method. Results showed a restricted host range to the Heliantheae tribe and minimal risk to indigenous European plant species, with no larval survival and barely any eggs laid on these plants. Choice tests also showed a strong preference of O. communa for A. artemisiifolia. Our results combined with previous studies and observations in the field in other countries suggest a low risk to sunflower, Helianthus annuus, which is an important crop in France. This confirms that O. communa could be a low-risk biological control agent that can be used in classical biological control programs against A. artemisiifolia in France.
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@article {pmid39599449,
year = {2024},
author = {Rousset, Z and Zamprogna, A and Jaworski, CC and Desneux, N and Lesieur, V},
title = {Assessing the Host Range of Ophraella communa for the Biological Control of Ambrosia artemisiifolia in France.},
journal = {Plants (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {13},
number = {22},
pages = {},
pmid = {39599449},
issn = {2223-7747},
abstract = {Ambrosia artemisiifolia is a well-known invasive species in Europe, causing health issues with its extremely allergenic pollen and yield loss through competition in agriculture. One potential biological control agent is Ophraella communa, accidentally introduced in Europe in 2013. This species was discovered in France in 2023, but before planning further mass releases for biological control, it is necessary to assess its safety for agricultural crops and local plant biodiversity. Prior to its first detection in France, we conducted a host-range study of the beetle in a confined laboratory with no-choice and choice tests for 16 plant species, selected based on the centrifugal phylogenetic method. Results showed a restricted host range to the Heliantheae tribe and minimal risk to indigenous European plant species, with no larval survival and barely any eggs laid on these plants. Choice tests also showed a strong preference of O. communa for A. artemisiifolia. Our results combined with previous studies and observations in the field in other countries suggest a low risk to sunflower, Helianthus annuus, which is an important crop in France. This confirms that O. communa could be a low-risk biological control agent that can be used in classical biological control programs against A. artemisiifolia in France.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-27
Understanding the Influence of Secondary Metabolites in Plant Invasion Strategies: A Comprehensive Review.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 13(22): pii:plants13223162.
The invasion of non-native plant species presents a significant ecological challenge worldwide, impacting native ecosystems and biodiversity. These invasive plant species significantly affect the native ecosystem. The threat of invasive plant species having harmful effects on the natural ecosystem is a serious concern. Invasive plant species produce secondary metabolites, which not only help in growth and development but are also essential for the spread of these plant species. This review highlights the important functions of secondary metabolites in plant invasion, particularly their effect on allelopathy, defense system, interaction with micro soil biota, and competitive advantages. Secondary metabolites produced by invasive plant species play an important role by affecting allelopathic interactions and herbivory. They sometimes change the soil chemistry to make a viable condition for their proliferation. The secondary metabolites of invasive plant species inhibit the growth of native plant species by changing the resources available to them. Therefore, it is necessary to understand this complicated interaction between secondary metabolites and plant invasion. This review mainly summarizes all the known secondary metabolites of non-native plant species, emphasizing their significance for integrated weed management and research.
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@article {pmid39599372,
year = {2024},
author = {Akbar, R and Sun, J and Bo, Y and Khattak, WA and Khan, AA and Jin, C and Zeb, U and Ullah, N and Abbas, A and Liu, W and Wang, X and Khan, SM and Du, D},
title = {Understanding the Influence of Secondary Metabolites in Plant Invasion Strategies: A Comprehensive Review.},
journal = {Plants (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {13},
number = {22},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/plants13223162},
pmid = {39599372},
issn = {2223-7747},
abstract = {The invasion of non-native plant species presents a significant ecological challenge worldwide, impacting native ecosystems and biodiversity. These invasive plant species significantly affect the native ecosystem. The threat of invasive plant species having harmful effects on the natural ecosystem is a serious concern. Invasive plant species produce secondary metabolites, which not only help in growth and development but are also essential for the spread of these plant species. This review highlights the important functions of secondary metabolites in plant invasion, particularly their effect on allelopathy, defense system, interaction with micro soil biota, and competitive advantages. Secondary metabolites produced by invasive plant species play an important role by affecting allelopathic interactions and herbivory. They sometimes change the soil chemistry to make a viable condition for their proliferation. The secondary metabolites of invasive plant species inhibit the growth of native plant species by changing the resources available to them. Therefore, it is necessary to understand this complicated interaction between secondary metabolites and plant invasion. This review mainly summarizes all the known secondary metabolites of non-native plant species, emphasizing their significance for integrated weed management and research.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-27
Comparison of Environmental DNA Metabarcoding and a Traditional Survey Method for Assessing Fish Diversity and Distribution Along Salinity Gradient in an Urban Brackish Reservoir, China.
Biology, 13(11): pii:biology13110930.
With the decrease in fish diversity, the monitoring of fish has become a current research hotspot. Here, the fish diversity and spatial distribution along a salinity gradient (0.28‱-3.32‱) in Xinglinwan Reservoir, China, were investigated using eDNA and the TSM. With the combination of both methods, 12 species from 6 orders, 9 families, and 11 genera were observed. The invasive species Oreochromis niloticus had the highest relative abundance, accounting for 56.91% in the TSM and 89.80% in eDNA, respectively. eDNA detected 83.33% of the species detected using the TSM, and an additional six species (50.0% of the total species) were detected via only eDNA. Moreover, eDNA supplemented the unavailable abundance data from the TSM. The TSM revealed that the diversity and relative abundance of fish inhabiting seawater and brackish water increased with an increase in salinity, but this was not found using eDNA. Thus, our study highlights that Xinglinwan Reservoir has a low species richness and is suffering from the great harm of ecological invasion. Our findings also show that eDNA could be reliable for providing a comprehensive picture of fish, but discriminating the spatial heterogeneity of fish communities is a challenge for its widespread adoption in lentic brackish systems.
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@article {pmid39596885,
year = {2024},
author = {Wang, X and Wang, J and Lin, L and Huang, L and Liu, K and Dai, G and Cai, Q and Li, J and Feng, S and Wang, G and Hui, Y and Qiu, L and Ji, F},
title = {Comparison of Environmental DNA Metabarcoding and a Traditional Survey Method for Assessing Fish Diversity and Distribution Along Salinity Gradient in an Urban Brackish Reservoir, China.},
journal = {Biology},
volume = {13},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/biology13110930},
pmid = {39596885},
issn = {2079-7737},
support = {2023J05156//Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China/ ; 2021J01825//Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China/ ; JAT220179//Fujian Provincial Department of Education Science and Technology projects/ ; S23394//Ecological Environment Improvement Project of Xinglinwan Reservoir/ ; },
abstract = {With the decrease in fish diversity, the monitoring of fish has become a current research hotspot. Here, the fish diversity and spatial distribution along a salinity gradient (0.28‱-3.32‱) in Xinglinwan Reservoir, China, were investigated using eDNA and the TSM. With the combination of both methods, 12 species from 6 orders, 9 families, and 11 genera were observed. The invasive species Oreochromis niloticus had the highest relative abundance, accounting for 56.91% in the TSM and 89.80% in eDNA, respectively. eDNA detected 83.33% of the species detected using the TSM, and an additional six species (50.0% of the total species) were detected via only eDNA. Moreover, eDNA supplemented the unavailable abundance data from the TSM. The TSM revealed that the diversity and relative abundance of fish inhabiting seawater and brackish water increased with an increase in salinity, but this was not found using eDNA. Thus, our study highlights that Xinglinwan Reservoir has a low species richness and is suffering from the great harm of ecological invasion. Our findings also show that eDNA could be reliable for providing a comprehensive picture of fish, but discriminating the spatial heterogeneity of fish communities is a challenge for its widespread adoption in lentic brackish systems.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-27
Trophic Position Stability of Benthic Organisms in a Changing Food Web of an Arctic Fjord Under the Pressure of an Invasive Predatory Snow Crab, Chionoecetes opilio.
Biology, 13(11): pii:biology13110874.
The introduction of a large predatory snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, into the Kara Sea is a unique situation where the impact of an invasive species affecting an otherwise undisturbed ecosystem can be observed unhindered by other ecosystem stressors. Trophic interactions are one of the principal relationships between animals and can help assess an ecosystem's stability. The trophic positions and sources of organic material for the most common benthic species of Blagopoluchiya Bay sampled at different stages of the invasion were calculated using stable isotope analysis. The most pronounced changes in the trophic web occurred amongst the megabenthic species, where previously most abundant deposit-feeding ophiuroids have disappeared. However, the benthic species' trophic position and primary production source preference did not change. A sea star, Urasterias lincki, remained the highest carnivore in the bay, and the invasive crab remained at a lower trophic level, showing higher omnivory in its diet. Any changes in the consumers' prey items were within the same trophic level. Overall, active predators became one of the most abundant feeding mode groups. The average weighted trophic position of all megabenthic species increased to the third trophic level, where mostly secondary consumers remained.
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@article {pmid39596829,
year = {2024},
author = {Zalota, AK and Dgebuadze, PY and Kiselev, AD and Chikina, MV and Udalov, AA and Kondar, DV and Mishin, AV and Tsurikov, SM},
title = {Trophic Position Stability of Benthic Organisms in a Changing Food Web of an Arctic Fjord Under the Pressure of an Invasive Predatory Snow Crab, Chionoecetes opilio.},
journal = {Biology},
volume = {13},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/biology13110874},
pmid = {39596829},
issn = {2079-7737},
support = {23-24-00440//Russian Science Foundation/ ; },
abstract = {The introduction of a large predatory snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, into the Kara Sea is a unique situation where the impact of an invasive species affecting an otherwise undisturbed ecosystem can be observed unhindered by other ecosystem stressors. Trophic interactions are one of the principal relationships between animals and can help assess an ecosystem's stability. The trophic positions and sources of organic material for the most common benthic species of Blagopoluchiya Bay sampled at different stages of the invasion were calculated using stable isotope analysis. The most pronounced changes in the trophic web occurred amongst the megabenthic species, where previously most abundant deposit-feeding ophiuroids have disappeared. However, the benthic species' trophic position and primary production source preference did not change. A sea star, Urasterias lincki, remained the highest carnivore in the bay, and the invasive crab remained at a lower trophic level, showing higher omnivory in its diet. Any changes in the consumers' prey items were within the same trophic level. Overall, active predators became one of the most abundant feeding mode groups. The average weighted trophic position of all megabenthic species increased to the third trophic level, where mostly secondary consumers remained.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-27
Biological Invasion Data Gaps in China: Examples of Distribution, Inventories, and Impact.
Biology, 13(11): pii:biology13110872.
The impact of invasive alien species (IAS) on nature and society is increasing globally. It is crucial to utilize information systems for evidence-based management, enabling the assessment and supporting survey and control actions. However, the lack of accessible and comprehensive baseline IAS data often impedes the ability to prioritize and allocate resources efficiently. Despite the increased public awareness of biological invasions in China over the past decades, the critical importance of data requirements has not been fully recognized, leading to gaps in available data. Here, we outline the key data demands for the management of biological invasions and highlight the current lack of high-quality data for invasion management in China, and critically assess data gaps in IAS distribution, inventory, and impact. Additionally, we propose a conceptual framework to illustrate the data requirements throughout the invasion management process, along with indicators to assess data quality within three dimensions: relevance, resolution, and reliability.
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@article {pmid39596827,
year = {2024},
author = {He, J and Chen, K and Sun, P and Xu, H and Pan, X},
title = {Biological Invasion Data Gaps in China: Examples of Distribution, Inventories, and Impact.},
journal = {Biology},
volume = {13},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/biology13110872},
pmid = {39596827},
issn = {2079-7737},
support = {2021JK007//the Basic Scientific Research Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine/ ; },
abstract = {The impact of invasive alien species (IAS) on nature and society is increasing globally. It is crucial to utilize information systems for evidence-based management, enabling the assessment and supporting survey and control actions. However, the lack of accessible and comprehensive baseline IAS data often impedes the ability to prioritize and allocate resources efficiently. Despite the increased public awareness of biological invasions in China over the past decades, the critical importance of data requirements has not been fully recognized, leading to gaps in available data. Here, we outline the key data demands for the management of biological invasions and highlight the current lack of high-quality data for invasion management in China, and critically assess data gaps in IAS distribution, inventory, and impact. Additionally, we propose a conceptual framework to illustrate the data requirements throughout the invasion management process, along with indicators to assess data quality within three dimensions: relevance, resolution, and reliability.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-27
From Gene to Protein: Unraveling the Reproductive Blueprint of Male Grey Squirrels via Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Cognate Receptors.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 14(22): pii:ani14223318.
The grey squirrel, an invasive species, threatens the Eurasian red squirrel's conservation, particularly in Umbria, Italy. Understanding its reproductive biology is essential to limiting its reproductive success. This study investigates the NGF system and its receptors (NTRK1 and p75NTR) in the testes of male grey squirrels, following prior research on female reproductive biology. NGF plays a role in testicular morphogenesis and spermiogenesis in animals and humans. As part of the LIFE Project U-SAVEREDS, eighteen squirrels were captured and classified into three morphotypes (immature, pubertal, and active spermatogenesis). NGF and its receptors were analyzed using real-time PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and plasma levels measured via ELISA. NGF qPCR expression levels were significantly higher during puberty compared to the immature and spermatogenesis stages (p < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry revealed NGF in Leydig cells, with stronger staining in pubertal and mature squirrels, while NTRK1 was found in Leydig cells in immature squirrels and germ cells in pubertal and mature ones. NGF receptors were observed in Sertoli cells in pubertal and mature squirrels. Plasma NGF levels showed a significant upregulation in pubertal squirrels (135.80 ± 12 pg/mL) compared to those in the immature (25.60 ± 9.32 pg/mL) and spermatogenesis stages (34.20 ± 6.06 pg/mL), with a p value < 0.01. The co-localization of NGF and its receptors suggests that NGF, produced by Leydig cells, regulates testis development and reproductive success through autocrine or paracrine mechanisms, potentially involving an unidentified pathway.
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@article {pmid39595370,
year = {2024},
author = {Mercati, F and Guelfi, G and Bufalari, A and Dall'Aglio, C and Suvieri, C and Cocci, P and Palermo, FA and Anipchenko, P and Capaccia, C and Cenci-Goga, B and Zerani, M and Maranesi, M},
title = {From Gene to Protein: Unraveling the Reproductive Blueprint of Male Grey Squirrels via Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Cognate Receptors.},
journal = {Animals : an open access journal from MDPI},
volume = {14},
number = {22},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ani14223318},
pmid = {39595370},
issn = {2076-2615},
abstract = {The grey squirrel, an invasive species, threatens the Eurasian red squirrel's conservation, particularly in Umbria, Italy. Understanding its reproductive biology is essential to limiting its reproductive success. This study investigates the NGF system and its receptors (NTRK1 and p75NTR) in the testes of male grey squirrels, following prior research on female reproductive biology. NGF plays a role in testicular morphogenesis and spermiogenesis in animals and humans. As part of the LIFE Project U-SAVEREDS, eighteen squirrels were captured and classified into three morphotypes (immature, pubertal, and active spermatogenesis). NGF and its receptors were analyzed using real-time PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and plasma levels measured via ELISA. NGF qPCR expression levels were significantly higher during puberty compared to the immature and spermatogenesis stages (p < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry revealed NGF in Leydig cells, with stronger staining in pubertal and mature squirrels, while NTRK1 was found in Leydig cells in immature squirrels and germ cells in pubertal and mature ones. NGF receptors were observed in Sertoli cells in pubertal and mature squirrels. Plasma NGF levels showed a significant upregulation in pubertal squirrels (135.80 ± 12 pg/mL) compared to those in the immature (25.60 ± 9.32 pg/mL) and spermatogenesis stages (34.20 ± 6.06 pg/mL), with a p value < 0.01. The co-localization of NGF and its receptors suggests that NGF, produced by Leydig cells, regulates testis development and reproductive success through autocrine or paracrine mechanisms, potentially involving an unidentified pathway.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-27
Helminth Parasites of Invasive Freshwater Fish in Lithuania.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 14(22): pii:ani14223293.
Freshwater ecosystems in Lithuania are threatened by the introduction of invasive fish species including Neogobius fluviatilis, N. melanostomus, Perccottus glenii, and Pseudorasbora parva. Data on helminth parasites of these fishes have not been comprehensively studied, with only two reports on parasites of N. melanostomus from the Curonian Lagoon and Baltic Sea, Lithuania. We examined 278 fish individuals representing 4 invasive species from 13 waterbodies. Using morphological and molecular analyses, we identified 29 helminth taxa representing 15 digenean trematodes, 6 nematodes, 4 cestodes, 2 acanthocephalans, and 2 monogeneans. With 18 species, N. fluviatilis had the highest helminth diversity, followed by N. melanostomus (11 species) and Ps. parva (8 species). Perccottus glenii was found to be free from helminth infection. The availability of historical information on the native fish parasites in Lithuania allowed us to conclude that out of the 29 recorded species, invasive fish serve as hosts for 22 local fish helminth species, while 7 helminth species have been reported exclusively in invasive fish. Based on newly obtained and previously published data, a total of 34 helminth species parasitise invasive fish in Lithuania, of which 30 use these fish as intermediate or paratenic hosts.
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@article {pmid39595347,
year = {2024},
author = {Kudlai, O and Rakauskas, V and Baker, NJ and Pantoja, C and Lisitsyna, O and Binkienė, R},
title = {Helminth Parasites of Invasive Freshwater Fish in Lithuania.},
journal = {Animals : an open access journal from MDPI},
volume = {14},
number = {22},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ani14223293},
pmid = {39595347},
issn = {2076-2615},
support = {S-MIP-22-53.//Lietuvos Mokslo Taryba/ ; },
abstract = {Freshwater ecosystems in Lithuania are threatened by the introduction of invasive fish species including Neogobius fluviatilis, N. melanostomus, Perccottus glenii, and Pseudorasbora parva. Data on helminth parasites of these fishes have not been comprehensively studied, with only two reports on parasites of N. melanostomus from the Curonian Lagoon and Baltic Sea, Lithuania. We examined 278 fish individuals representing 4 invasive species from 13 waterbodies. Using morphological and molecular analyses, we identified 29 helminth taxa representing 15 digenean trematodes, 6 nematodes, 4 cestodes, 2 acanthocephalans, and 2 monogeneans. With 18 species, N. fluviatilis had the highest helminth diversity, followed by N. melanostomus (11 species) and Ps. parva (8 species). Perccottus glenii was found to be free from helminth infection. The availability of historical information on the native fish parasites in Lithuania allowed us to conclude that out of the 29 recorded species, invasive fish serve as hosts for 22 local fish helminth species, while 7 helminth species have been reported exclusively in invasive fish. Based on newly obtained and previously published data, a total of 34 helminth species parasitise invasive fish in Lithuania, of which 30 use these fish as intermediate or paratenic hosts.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-27
Sustainable Ecosystem Management Strategies for Tackling the Invasion of Blackchin Tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) in Thailand: Guidelines and Considerations.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 14(22): pii:ani14223292.
The invasion of blackchin tilapia in Thailand is a critical ecological threat affecting native biodiversity and destabilizing ecosystems. It is also resulting in significant ecological and socio-economic impacts. Originally from West Africa and introduced globally for aquaculture, blackchin tilapia thrive in Thailand's brackish and freshwater ecosystems because of their high reproductive rates, environmental adaptability, and trophic plasticity. This review evaluates potential solutions for the invasion of blackchin tilapia in Thailand from a scientific perspective. The successful invasion of blackchin tilapia in Thailand can be attributed to several key factors, including late detection of the species, the delayed government response, the absence of effective management strategies, and the species' high invasive potential. Given its wide distribution, large population size, and high reproductive rate, the eradication of the entire blackchin tilapia population is unlikely. Management efforts should focus on containment and impact reduction. Early detection and monitoring at the invasion front remain crucial to limit the species' spread. Developing an online platform for tracking invasive species would aid these efforts. Public education and outreach are essential for promoting responsible behaviors for preventing further spread. Encouraging the utilization of blackchin tilapia as a food source and for commercial purposes could help suppress its population while supporting local economies. Biological control and other potentially harmful strategies should be avoided unless supported by strong scientific evidence to ensure minimal risks to ecosystems. Scientific research into controlling blackchin tilapia should be encouraged to develop suitable strategies, including using sterile triploid tilapia. The "polluter pays" policy should be implemented to cover the costs associated with invasive species. Coordinated efforts between researchers, policymakers, and the public are crucial for formulating effective management strategies to promote a balance between economic benefits and long-term environmental sustainability.
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@article {pmid39595344,
year = {2024},
author = {Chaianunporn, T and Panthum, T and Singchat, W and Chaianunporn, K and Suksavate, W and Chaiyes, A and Muangmai, N and Marod, D and Duengkae, P and Srikulnath, K},
title = {Sustainable Ecosystem Management Strategies for Tackling the Invasion of Blackchin Tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) in Thailand: Guidelines and Considerations.},
journal = {Animals : an open access journal from MDPI},
volume = {14},
number = {22},
pages = {},
doi = {10.3390/ani14223292},
pmid = {39595344},
issn = {2076-2615},
support = {//International SciKU Branding (ISB), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University/ ; },
abstract = {The invasion of blackchin tilapia in Thailand is a critical ecological threat affecting native biodiversity and destabilizing ecosystems. It is also resulting in significant ecological and socio-economic impacts. Originally from West Africa and introduced globally for aquaculture, blackchin tilapia thrive in Thailand's brackish and freshwater ecosystems because of their high reproductive rates, environmental adaptability, and trophic plasticity. This review evaluates potential solutions for the invasion of blackchin tilapia in Thailand from a scientific perspective. The successful invasion of blackchin tilapia in Thailand can be attributed to several key factors, including late detection of the species, the delayed government response, the absence of effective management strategies, and the species' high invasive potential. Given its wide distribution, large population size, and high reproductive rate, the eradication of the entire blackchin tilapia population is unlikely. Management efforts should focus on containment and impact reduction. Early detection and monitoring at the invasion front remain crucial to limit the species' spread. Developing an online platform for tracking invasive species would aid these efforts. Public education and outreach are essential for promoting responsible behaviors for preventing further spread. Encouraging the utilization of blackchin tilapia as a food source and for commercial purposes could help suppress its population while supporting local economies. Biological control and other potentially harmful strategies should be avoided unless supported by strong scientific evidence to ensure minimal risks to ecosystems. Scientific research into controlling blackchin tilapia should be encouraged to develop suitable strategies, including using sterile triploid tilapia. The "polluter pays" policy should be implemented to cover the costs associated with invasive species. Coordinated efforts between researchers, policymakers, and the public are crucial for formulating effective management strategies to promote a balance between economic benefits and long-term environmental sustainability.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-26
Chromosome-scale reference genome and RAD-based genetic map of yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) reveal putative structural variation and QTL associated with invader traits.
Genome biology and evolution pii:7909132 [Epub ahead of print].
Invasive species offer outstanding opportunities to identify the genomic sources of variation that contribute to rapid adaptation, as well as the genetic mechanisms facilitating invasions. The Eurasian plant yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) is highly invasive in North and South American grasslands and known to have evolved increased growth and reproduction during invasion. Here we develop new genomic resources for C. solstitialis and map the genetic basis of invasiveness traits. We present a chromosome-scale (1N = 8) reference genome using PacBio CLR and Dovetail Omni-C technologies, and functional gene annotation using RNAseq. We find repeat structure typical of the family Asteraceae, with over 25% of gene content derived from ancestral whole genome duplications (paleologs). Using an F2 mapping population derived from a cross between native and invading parents, with a restriction site-associated DNA (RAD)-based genetic map, we validate the assembly and identify 13 QTL underpinning size traits that have evolved during invasion. We find evidence that large effect QTL may be associated with structural variants between native and invading genotypes, including a variant with an overdominant and pleiotropic effect on key invader traits. We also find evidence of significant paleolog enrichment under two QTL. Our results add to growing evidence of the importance of structural variants in evolution, and to understanding of the rapid evolution of invaders.
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@article {pmid39592405,
year = {2024},
author = {Reatini, B and Pelosi, JA and Cang, FA and Jiang, Q and McKibben, MTW and Barker, MS and Rieseberg, LH and Dlugosch, KM},
title = {Chromosome-scale reference genome and RAD-based genetic map of yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) reveal putative structural variation and QTL associated with invader traits.},
journal = {Genome biology and evolution},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/gbe/evae243},
pmid = {39592405},
issn = {1759-6653},
abstract = {Invasive species offer outstanding opportunities to identify the genomic sources of variation that contribute to rapid adaptation, as well as the genetic mechanisms facilitating invasions. The Eurasian plant yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) is highly invasive in North and South American grasslands and known to have evolved increased growth and reproduction during invasion. Here we develop new genomic resources for C. solstitialis and map the genetic basis of invasiveness traits. We present a chromosome-scale (1N = 8) reference genome using PacBio CLR and Dovetail Omni-C technologies, and functional gene annotation using RNAseq. We find repeat structure typical of the family Asteraceae, with over 25% of gene content derived from ancestral whole genome duplications (paleologs). Using an F2 mapping population derived from a cross between native and invading parents, with a restriction site-associated DNA (RAD)-based genetic map, we validate the assembly and identify 13 QTL underpinning size traits that have evolved during invasion. We find evidence that large effect QTL may be associated with structural variants between native and invading genotypes, including a variant with an overdominant and pleiotropic effect on key invader traits. We also find evidence of significant paleolog enrichment under two QTL. Our results add to growing evidence of the importance of structural variants in evolution, and to understanding of the rapid evolution of invaders.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-27
Temporal Activity and Distribution of the Invasive Mosquitoes Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus in the Zagreb Area, Croatia.
Tropical medicine and infectious disease, 9(11):.
Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus are invasive mosquito species that are causing great public concern. Aedes albopictus have successfully spread in Croatia, established in both the coastal and continental parts of the country, while Aedes japonicus is invading temperate climate areas. The invasive Aedes species are particularly attracted to the black plastic water containers and flower vases in cemeteries where they oviposit their eggs. Therefore, monitoring of this species was carried out in 12 cemeteries in Zagreb, using ovitraps with masonite strips as a substrate for oviposition. The monitoring was carried out from 2017 to 2020. The traps were inspected and the substrate was replaced every two weeks. This study showed that these two invasive species were present and very abundant in the cemeteries. In the case of Ae. albopictus, a higher population density and a greater number of occupied cemeteries were detected. This species was identified in all 12 cemeteries. Aedes albopictus was identified as the dominant species at all study sites. The spread of Ae. japonicus increased during 2018 in comparison to the previous year. Although this species was present in approximately 9% of the ovitraps, the observed population remained consistent throughout the course of the study. The findings indicate that cemeteries can be considered as significant public health hotspots, as the invasive Aedes mosquitoes tend to develop and reproduce in such environments. Consequently, the mosquito population of these two invasive species may only be reduced by applying integrated mosquito management measures, focused on the education of citizens.
Additional Links: PMID-39591269
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@article {pmid39591269,
year = {2024},
author = {Klobučar, A and Kavran, M and Petrinić, S and Curman Posavec, M},
title = {Temporal Activity and Distribution of the Invasive Mosquitoes Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus in the Zagreb Area, Croatia.},
journal = {Tropical medicine and infectious disease},
volume = {9},
number = {11},
pages = {},
pmid = {39591269},
issn = {2414-6366},
abstract = {Aedes albopictus and Aedes japonicus are invasive mosquito species that are causing great public concern. Aedes albopictus have successfully spread in Croatia, established in both the coastal and continental parts of the country, while Aedes japonicus is invading temperate climate areas. The invasive Aedes species are particularly attracted to the black plastic water containers and flower vases in cemeteries where they oviposit their eggs. Therefore, monitoring of this species was carried out in 12 cemeteries in Zagreb, using ovitraps with masonite strips as a substrate for oviposition. The monitoring was carried out from 2017 to 2020. The traps were inspected and the substrate was replaced every two weeks. This study showed that these two invasive species were present and very abundant in the cemeteries. In the case of Ae. albopictus, a higher population density and a greater number of occupied cemeteries were detected. This species was identified in all 12 cemeteries. Aedes albopictus was identified as the dominant species at all study sites. The spread of Ae. japonicus increased during 2018 in comparison to the previous year. Although this species was present in approximately 9% of the ovitraps, the observed population remained consistent throughout the course of the study. The findings indicate that cemeteries can be considered as significant public health hotspots, as the invasive Aedes mosquitoes tend to develop and reproduce in such environments. Consequently, the mosquito population of these two invasive species may only be reduced by applying integrated mosquito management measures, focused on the education of citizens.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-27
Chitin Deacetylase 1 Gene as an Optimal RNAi-Based Target for Controlling the Tomato Leaf Miner Tuta absoluta.
Insects, 15(11):.
Chitin is a critical component of both the exoskeleton and internal structures of insects, which can protect insects from mechanical damage, dehydration and pathogen infection, and plays a significant role in the molting process. Chitin deacetylases (CDAs), key enzymes involved in chitin metabolism, are widely distributed among arthropods and microorganisms. In this study, we identified a CDA gene, TaCDA1, in the invasive insect species Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). Sequence analysis demonstrated a high degree of similarity to CDAs in other insects, revealing the presence of three conserved domains. Quantitative analysis showed that the TaCDA1 gene exhibited peak expression during the pupal stage, particularly within the epidermis. The suppression of TaCDA1 expression through RNA interference in T. absoluta pupae significantly impacted the expression of genes associated with chitin metabolism, increasing mortality and developmental abnormalities during the pupa-adult transition and reducing the pupal weight. Furthermore, soaking gene-specific dsRNA resulted in elevated mortality rates during the larva-pupa transition, causing the inability to form new cuticles or undergo ecdysis, as confirmed by subsequent histological observations. The oral administration of dsTaCDA1 + sucrose solution did not significantly impact NtCDA1 expression or the mortality rate compared to the dsGFP + sucrose solution control in the non-target insect Nesidiocoris tenuis. This study demonstrated that TaCDA1 is a potential and safe target for pest control of T. absoluta.
Additional Links: PMID-39590437
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@article {pmid39590437,
year = {2024},
author = {Zhou, Y and Zhang, Y and Xu, K and Liu, R and Liu, W and Ma, H and Yang, W},
title = {Chitin Deacetylase 1 Gene as an Optimal RNAi-Based Target for Controlling the Tomato Leaf Miner Tuta absoluta.},
journal = {Insects},
volume = {15},
number = {11},
pages = {},
pmid = {39590437},
issn = {2075-4450},
support = {YTH-4320-WB-FW-2022-033507-00//Project of Research and Development/ ; QKHJC-ZK-[2022]003//Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Province/ ; GCC[2023]008//Program of Excellent Innovation Talents in Guizhou Province/ ; S202310976030//Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project/ ; QJJ-[2023]-024//Program for Natural Science Research in Guizhou Education Department/ ; },
abstract = {Chitin is a critical component of both the exoskeleton and internal structures of insects, which can protect insects from mechanical damage, dehydration and pathogen infection, and plays a significant role in the molting process. Chitin deacetylases (CDAs), key enzymes involved in chitin metabolism, are widely distributed among arthropods and microorganisms. In this study, we identified a CDA gene, TaCDA1, in the invasive insect species Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). Sequence analysis demonstrated a high degree of similarity to CDAs in other insects, revealing the presence of three conserved domains. Quantitative analysis showed that the TaCDA1 gene exhibited peak expression during the pupal stage, particularly within the epidermis. The suppression of TaCDA1 expression through RNA interference in T. absoluta pupae significantly impacted the expression of genes associated with chitin metabolism, increasing mortality and developmental abnormalities during the pupa-adult transition and reducing the pupal weight. Furthermore, soaking gene-specific dsRNA resulted in elevated mortality rates during the larva-pupa transition, causing the inability to form new cuticles or undergo ecdysis, as confirmed by subsequent histological observations. The oral administration of dsTaCDA1 + sucrose solution did not significantly impact NtCDA1 expression or the mortality rate compared to the dsGFP + sucrose solution control in the non-target insect Nesidiocoris tenuis. This study demonstrated that TaCDA1 is a potential and safe target for pest control of T. absoluta.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-27
CmpDate: 2024-11-27
Activated carbon seed technologies: Innovative solutions to assist in the restoration and revegetation of invaded drylands.
Journal of environmental management, 371:123281.
The demand for seed-based restoration and revegetation of degraded drylands has intensified with increased disturbance and climate change. Invasive plants often hinder the establishment of seeded species; thus, they are routinely controlled with herbicides. Herbicides used to control invasive plants may maintain soil activity and cause non-target damage to seeded species. Activated carbon (AC), which has a high adsorption of many herbicides, has been incorporated into seed pellets and coatings (seed technologies) to limit herbicide damage. Though various AC seed technologies have been examined in numerous laboratory and field studies, questions remain regarding their effectiveness and how to improve it, and what causes variation in results. We synthesized the literature on AC seed technologies for dryland restoration and revegetation to attempt to answer these questions. AC pellets compared to seed coatings were more thoroughly tested in the field and generally provide strong herbicide protection. However, greater amounts of AC in seed coatings appear to increase their effectiveness. Seed coatings show more potential for use than pellets because they are less logistically challenging to use compared to pellets, but need more field testing and refinement. Results often differ between laboratory and field studies, suggesting that field studies are critical in determining realized effects. However, seedling establishment failures from other barriers make it challenging to evaluate the effectiveness of AC seed technologies in the field. AC seed technologies are an innovative tool that with continued refinement, especially if other barriers to seedling establishment can be overcome, may improve the restoration and revegetation of degraded drylands.
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@article {pmid39541810,
year = {2024},
author = {Davies, KW and Clenet, DR and Madsen, MD and Brown, VS and Ritchie, AL and Svejcar, LN},
title = {Activated carbon seed technologies: Innovative solutions to assist in the restoration and revegetation of invaded drylands.},
journal = {Journal of environmental management},
volume = {371},
number = {},
pages = {123281},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123281},
pmid = {39541810},
issn = {1095-8630},
mesh = {*Charcoal/chemistry ; *Seeds ; *Herbicides ; Soil/chemistry ; Introduced Species ; },
abstract = {The demand for seed-based restoration and revegetation of degraded drylands has intensified with increased disturbance and climate change. Invasive plants often hinder the establishment of seeded species; thus, they are routinely controlled with herbicides. Herbicides used to control invasive plants may maintain soil activity and cause non-target damage to seeded species. Activated carbon (AC), which has a high adsorption of many herbicides, has been incorporated into seed pellets and coatings (seed technologies) to limit herbicide damage. Though various AC seed technologies have been examined in numerous laboratory and field studies, questions remain regarding their effectiveness and how to improve it, and what causes variation in results. We synthesized the literature on AC seed technologies for dryland restoration and revegetation to attempt to answer these questions. AC pellets compared to seed coatings were more thoroughly tested in the field and generally provide strong herbicide protection. However, greater amounts of AC in seed coatings appear to increase their effectiveness. Seed coatings show more potential for use than pellets because they are less logistically challenging to use compared to pellets, but need more field testing and refinement. Results often differ between laboratory and field studies, suggesting that field studies are critical in determining realized effects. However, seedling establishment failures from other barriers make it challenging to evaluate the effectiveness of AC seed technologies in the field. AC seed technologies are an innovative tool that with continued refinement, especially if other barriers to seedling establishment can be overcome, may improve the restoration and revegetation of degraded drylands.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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*Charcoal/chemistry
*Seeds
*Herbicides
Soil/chemistry
Introduced Species
RevDate: 2024-11-27
CmpDate: 2024-11-27
Sustainable control of invasive plants: Compost production, quality and effects on wheat germination.
Journal of environmental management, 371:123149.
Invasive plant species pose significant ecological threats worldwide, affecting the stability and biodiversity of local ecosystems. As a result of their control, a considerable amount of plant biomass is produced, which can be used to produce various value-added products. Five different composts were prepared from three invasive plant species found in Latvia - Reynoutria japonica, Solidago canadensis, Lupinus polyphyllus. The stages of composting have been investigated and recommendations for process optimization have been made based on the quality characterization of the final compost. The quality of the prepared invasive plant biomass composts has been evaluated based on the main plant nutrient concentration, humic substance concentration, and mineral contents. The allelopathic lupin alkaloid concentration throughout the composting process has been evaluated and shows a consistent reduction. Obtained compost quality complies with the EU regulations for fertilizing products and soil amendments thus it can be considered equivalent to industrially produced compost and vermicompost. Seed germination tests confirm that compost prepared from invasive plants is suitable for plant growth and comparable to commercial composts. Based on pilot-scale composting results, recommendations for invasive plant composting have been suggested.
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@article {pmid39486297,
year = {2024},
author = {Niedrite, E and Klavins, L and Dobkevica, L and Purmalis, O and Ievinsh, G and Klavins, M},
title = {Sustainable control of invasive plants: Compost production, quality and effects on wheat germination.},
journal = {Journal of environmental management},
volume = {371},
number = {},
pages = {123149},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123149},
pmid = {39486297},
issn = {1095-8630},
mesh = {*Germination ; *Introduced Species ; *Triticum/growth & development ; *Composting/methods ; *Soil/chemistry ; Biomass ; Lupinus/growth & development ; },
abstract = {Invasive plant species pose significant ecological threats worldwide, affecting the stability and biodiversity of local ecosystems. As a result of their control, a considerable amount of plant biomass is produced, which can be used to produce various value-added products. Five different composts were prepared from three invasive plant species found in Latvia - Reynoutria japonica, Solidago canadensis, Lupinus polyphyllus. The stages of composting have been investigated and recommendations for process optimization have been made based on the quality characterization of the final compost. The quality of the prepared invasive plant biomass composts has been evaluated based on the main plant nutrient concentration, humic substance concentration, and mineral contents. The allelopathic lupin alkaloid concentration throughout the composting process has been evaluated and shows a consistent reduction. Obtained compost quality complies with the EU regulations for fertilizing products and soil amendments thus it can be considered equivalent to industrially produced compost and vermicompost. Seed germination tests confirm that compost prepared from invasive plants is suitable for plant growth and comparable to commercial composts. Based on pilot-scale composting results, recommendations for invasive plant composting have been suggested.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
*Germination
*Introduced Species
*Triticum/growth & development
*Composting/methods
*Soil/chemistry
Biomass
Lupinus/growth & development
RevDate: 2024-11-27
CmpDate: 2024-11-27
A review on exploring pyrolysis potential of invasive aquatic plants.
Journal of environmental management, 371:123017.
The rapid spread of invasive aquatic plants poses significant ecological and economic challenges, necessitating effective management strategies. Pyrolysis, a thermochemical decomposition process in an oxygen-free environment, offers a promising solution for converting these plant-based biomass sources into biochar. Biochar, produced through the pyrolysis of organic materials in low-oxygen environments, has high carbon content, excellent resistance to degradation, and high aromaticity, making it a valuable resource for various industries, including agriculture, environment, and energy sectors and supports the circular economy. Invasive aquatic plants are widely distributed and are ideal resources for biochar production. Pyrolysis of invasive aquatic plants offers multiple benefits, including protecting ecosystems from aggressive species, promoting human health, mitigating aquatic weed proliferation, and generating other renewable energy resources. Invasive plant-derived biochar has emerged as a novel material, distinguished from traditional biochar by its unique structure and composition. This study explores the pyrolysis potential of various invasive aquatic plants by examining biochar's origins, analysing how pyrolysis conditions affect the conversion of these invasive aquatic plants, and exploring characterization methods, applications, and future potential of biochar derived from these plants. An economic analysis of biochar pyrolyzed from invasive aquatic plants is also reviewed and reported.
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@article {pmid39476678,
year = {2024},
author = {Palai, SP and Sahoo, BP and Senapati, S and Panda, AK and Bastia, TK and Rath, P and Parhi, PK},
title = {A review on exploring pyrolysis potential of invasive aquatic plants.},
journal = {Journal of environmental management},
volume = {371},
number = {},
pages = {123017},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123017},
pmid = {39476678},
issn = {1095-8630},
mesh = {*Pyrolysis ; *Charcoal/chemistry ; Introduced Species ; Biomass ; Plants ; Ecosystem ; Aquatic Organisms ; },
abstract = {The rapid spread of invasive aquatic plants poses significant ecological and economic challenges, necessitating effective management strategies. Pyrolysis, a thermochemical decomposition process in an oxygen-free environment, offers a promising solution for converting these plant-based biomass sources into biochar. Biochar, produced through the pyrolysis of organic materials in low-oxygen environments, has high carbon content, excellent resistance to degradation, and high aromaticity, making it a valuable resource for various industries, including agriculture, environment, and energy sectors and supports the circular economy. Invasive aquatic plants are widely distributed and are ideal resources for biochar production. Pyrolysis of invasive aquatic plants offers multiple benefits, including protecting ecosystems from aggressive species, promoting human health, mitigating aquatic weed proliferation, and generating other renewable energy resources. Invasive plant-derived biochar has emerged as a novel material, distinguished from traditional biochar by its unique structure and composition. This study explores the pyrolysis potential of various invasive aquatic plants by examining biochar's origins, analysing how pyrolysis conditions affect the conversion of these invasive aquatic plants, and exploring characterization methods, applications, and future potential of biochar derived from these plants. An economic analysis of biochar pyrolyzed from invasive aquatic plants is also reviewed and reported.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
*Pyrolysis
*Charcoal/chemistry
Introduced Species
Biomass
Plants
Ecosystem
Aquatic Organisms
RevDate: 2024-11-26
CmpDate: 2024-11-26
Phosphorus addition severely exacerbates the inhibitory effect of the increased diurnal temperature range on the invasive plant Solidago canadensis.
Physiologia plantarum, 176(6):e14634.
This study investigates how variations in diurnal temperature and phosphorus concentration affect the growth of native Artemisia argyi and invasive Solidago canadensis under intraspecific and interspecific competition. We conducted factorial experiments to assess the impacts of warming, including an increased diurnal temperature range (DTRinc), a symmetric increase in diurnal temperature range (DTRsys), a decreased diurnal temperature range (DTRdec) and phosphorus application (5 g and 10 g P m[2] yr[-1]) on both intra- and inter-specific competition among plants. The results indicated that (1) the DTRsys for A. argyi was -48.95% and for S. canadensis, it was -31.49% and overall had a more pronounced inhibitory effect on the biomass of both plant species than other warming treatments after comprehensive analysis. (2) Under intraspecific competition, phosphorus promoted the growth of A. argyi and S. canadensis on plant height, root length, and biomass. The biomass of A. argyi (22.75% and 53.61%) and S. canadensis (11.49% and 27.76%) increased under low and high phosphorus, respectively. Under interspecific competition, the plant height and biomass of the two plant species showed different response trends to phosphorus. Still, the competitiveness of S. canadensis increased compared with the untreated group. (3) Plant adaptability in biomass was more sensitive to warming than phosphorus treatments, and warming reduced the promoting effect of phosphorus, indicating that warming and phosphorus have interactive effects on plants. Phosphorus exacerbated the inhibitory effect of DTRinc on the biomass of S. canadensis, which was more pronounced than other warming methods. The different responses of the two plants mention the species to warming and phosphorus treatments under different competition scenarios reflect the differences in their ecological strategies for adapting to the environment.
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@article {pmid39588714,
year = {2024},
author = {Cui, M and Yang, B and Dong, J and Fan, X and Yu, H and Ren, G and Zhu, Z and Du, D},
title = {Phosphorus addition severely exacerbates the inhibitory effect of the increased diurnal temperature range on the invasive plant Solidago canadensis.},
journal = {Physiologia plantarum},
volume = {176},
number = {6},
pages = {e14634},
doi = {10.1111/ppl.14634},
pmid = {39588714},
issn = {1399-3054},
support = {KY-A-07//Special Research Project of School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University/ ; //Study Abroad Scholarship of Jiangsu University/ ; BK20220030//Carbon peak and carbon neutrality technology innovation foundation of Jiangsu Province/ ; 31570414//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 31600326//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 31770446//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 31800342//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 32071521//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 32401311//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; //Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment/ ; //Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions/ ; 23KJB180003//Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China/ ; 2017YFC1200100//State Key Research Development Program of China/ ; },
mesh = {*Phosphorus/metabolism ; *Solidago/physiology ; *Temperature ; *Biomass ; *Artemisia/physiology/growth & development ; Introduced Species ; Plant Roots/physiology/growth & development ; },
abstract = {This study investigates how variations in diurnal temperature and phosphorus concentration affect the growth of native Artemisia argyi and invasive Solidago canadensis under intraspecific and interspecific competition. We conducted factorial experiments to assess the impacts of warming, including an increased diurnal temperature range (DTRinc), a symmetric increase in diurnal temperature range (DTRsys), a decreased diurnal temperature range (DTRdec) and phosphorus application (5 g and 10 g P m[2] yr[-1]) on both intra- and inter-specific competition among plants. The results indicated that (1) the DTRsys for A. argyi was -48.95% and for S. canadensis, it was -31.49% and overall had a more pronounced inhibitory effect on the biomass of both plant species than other warming treatments after comprehensive analysis. (2) Under intraspecific competition, phosphorus promoted the growth of A. argyi and S. canadensis on plant height, root length, and biomass. The biomass of A. argyi (22.75% and 53.61%) and S. canadensis (11.49% and 27.76%) increased under low and high phosphorus, respectively. Under interspecific competition, the plant height and biomass of the two plant species showed different response trends to phosphorus. Still, the competitiveness of S. canadensis increased compared with the untreated group. (3) Plant adaptability in biomass was more sensitive to warming than phosphorus treatments, and warming reduced the promoting effect of phosphorus, indicating that warming and phosphorus have interactive effects on plants. Phosphorus exacerbated the inhibitory effect of DTRinc on the biomass of S. canadensis, which was more pronounced than other warming methods. The different responses of the two plants mention the species to warming and phosphorus treatments under different competition scenarios reflect the differences in their ecological strategies for adapting to the environment.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
*Phosphorus/metabolism
*Solidago/physiology
*Temperature
*Biomass
*Artemisia/physiology/growth & development
Introduced Species
Plant Roots/physiology/growth & development
RevDate: 2024-11-26
Molecular Discovery of Filarial Nematode DNA in an Endangered Wild Pinniped (Galapagos Sea Lion, Zalophus wollebaeki).
Ecology and evolution, 14(11):e70596.
Rapidly changing environments are contributing to the spread of non-native species and their associated pathogens into new and vulnerable ecosystems, such as the Galapagos archipelago. These pathogens represent a significant threat to emblematic species. The Galapagos sea lion (Zalophus wollebaeki) (GSL) is an endangered and endemic pinniped that is increasingly at risk of acquiring infectious diseases due to interactions with introduced companion animals. Previously, we reported the first detection of antigens from Dirofilaria immitis, the parasite that causes canine heartworm disease, in the GSL. To investigate further, we developed a multifilarial PCR assay and successfully detected DNA from D. immitis and the closely related Dirofilaria repens in 10.7% of our sample cohort of juvenile GSLs. This assay, based on a conserved region in the filarial 28S gene, can be used in conjunction with restriction endonuclease digestion or Sanger sequencing to identify the species of the causative nematode. Our method proved effective without nonspecific amplification in a wide host range, and highly sensitive, detecting as little as one parasite. Further, this assay can be used in cases of immature, low-worm burden, or all-male infections. Our molecular approach offers a sensitive and specific method for detecting filarial parasites in wild animals. Further investigations are necessary to confirm the pathology of filarial nematodes in the GSL and their prevalence in the general population. Our identification of Dirofilarial species in the GSL underscores the urgent need for measures to manage the risk of pathogen transmission from introduced species to native wildlife.
Additional Links: PMID-39588350
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@article {pmid39588350,
year = {2024},
author = {Livingston, IG and Gregory, TM and Hawkins, EC and Cave, A and Loyola, A and Vaden, SL and Deresienski, D and Riofrío-Lazo, M and Lewbart, GA and Páez-Rosas, D and Breen, M},
title = {Molecular Discovery of Filarial Nematode DNA in an Endangered Wild Pinniped (Galapagos Sea Lion, Zalophus wollebaeki).},
journal = {Ecology and evolution},
volume = {14},
number = {11},
pages = {e70596},
pmid = {39588350},
issn = {2045-7758},
abstract = {Rapidly changing environments are contributing to the spread of non-native species and their associated pathogens into new and vulnerable ecosystems, such as the Galapagos archipelago. These pathogens represent a significant threat to emblematic species. The Galapagos sea lion (Zalophus wollebaeki) (GSL) is an endangered and endemic pinniped that is increasingly at risk of acquiring infectious diseases due to interactions with introduced companion animals. Previously, we reported the first detection of antigens from Dirofilaria immitis, the parasite that causes canine heartworm disease, in the GSL. To investigate further, we developed a multifilarial PCR assay and successfully detected DNA from D. immitis and the closely related Dirofilaria repens in 10.7% of our sample cohort of juvenile GSLs. This assay, based on a conserved region in the filarial 28S gene, can be used in conjunction with restriction endonuclease digestion or Sanger sequencing to identify the species of the causative nematode. Our method proved effective without nonspecific amplification in a wide host range, and highly sensitive, detecting as little as one parasite. Further, this assay can be used in cases of immature, low-worm burden, or all-male infections. Our molecular approach offers a sensitive and specific method for detecting filarial parasites in wild animals. Further investigations are necessary to confirm the pathology of filarial nematodes in the GSL and their prevalence in the general population. Our identification of Dirofilarial species in the GSL underscores the urgent need for measures to manage the risk of pathogen transmission from introduced species to native wildlife.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-26
Complex interactive responses of biodiversity to multiple environmental drivers.
Ecology [Epub ahead of print].
There remains considerable doubt, debate, and confusion regarding how biodiversity responds to gradients of important environmental drivers, such as habitat size, resource productivity, and disturbance. Here we develop a simple but comprehensive theoretical framework based on competition-colonization multispecies communities to examine the separate and interactive effects of these drivers. Using both numerical simulations and analytical arguments, we demonstrate that the critical trade-off between competitive and colonization ability can lead to complex nonlinear, zig-zag responses in both species richness and the inverse Simpson index along gradients of these drivers. Furthermore, we find strong interactions between these drivers that can dramatically shift the response of biodiversity to these gradients. The zig-zag patterns in biodiversity along ecological gradients, together with the strong interactions between the drivers, can explain the mixed findings of empirical studies and syntheses, thereby providing a new paradigm that can reconcile debates on the relationships between biodiversity and multiple drivers.
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@article {pmid39587438,
year = {2024},
author = {Zhang, Z and Chase, JM and Bearup, D and Liao, J},
title = {Complex interactive responses of biodiversity to multiple environmental drivers.},
journal = {Ecology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e4484},
doi = {10.1002/ecy.4484},
pmid = {39587438},
issn = {1939-9170},
support = {202401BF070001-027//Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects/ ; 32271548//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; },
abstract = {There remains considerable doubt, debate, and confusion regarding how biodiversity responds to gradients of important environmental drivers, such as habitat size, resource productivity, and disturbance. Here we develop a simple but comprehensive theoretical framework based on competition-colonization multispecies communities to examine the separate and interactive effects of these drivers. Using both numerical simulations and analytical arguments, we demonstrate that the critical trade-off between competitive and colonization ability can lead to complex nonlinear, zig-zag responses in both species richness and the inverse Simpson index along gradients of these drivers. Furthermore, we find strong interactions between these drivers that can dramatically shift the response of biodiversity to these gradients. The zig-zag patterns in biodiversity along ecological gradients, together with the strong interactions between the drivers, can explain the mixed findings of empirical studies and syntheses, thereby providing a new paradigm that can reconcile debates on the relationships between biodiversity and multiple drivers.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-25
CmpDate: 2024-11-25
Shifting paradigms and creating space for Indigenous leadership in biosecurity management and decision-making.
Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology, 38(6):e14399.
In New Zealand, awareness regarding protection, enhancement, and regeneration of landscapes and biodiversity is growing as the relationship between functioning and diverse ecosystems and society's health is acknowledged. This relationship is especially important for Indigenous people, who hold strong genealogical and familial ties with nature. Significant biodiversity loss from anthropogenic factors is exacerbated by climate change, ecosystem degradation, and invasive species. Invasive species and other biological threats, such as native pathogens, are concerning for Māori communities, who hold cultural responsibilities to care for nature. Despite acknowledgment of the value of Indigenous perspectives in environmental management in New Zealand and globally, Indigenous participation still largely occurs within Western non-Indigenous paradigms. We highlight the value of Indigenous participation in biosecurity management and propose a shift from Western-based paradigms to paradigms that reflect Indigenous worldviews and relationships with place. Recognizing and including the value of Indigenous participation elevates Indigenous voices to the level of decision-making and leadership in the management of Indigenous lands. Given the genealogical relationships that Māori hold with the natural world and the intertwining of their health and well-being with that of place (land) and nature, biosecurity threats to native species and ecosystems also pose serious risks to community well-being. A holistic biosecurity approach is needed that encompasses cultural, social, economic, and environmental factors at multiple scales. We examined the New Zealand biosecurity context relative to biological threats to native plants and ecosystems and proposed a paradigm shift toward Indigenous place-based biosecurity management. Biosecurity science and science-based tools remain an important component, underscoring the complementary aspects of science and (Indigenous) culture.
Additional Links: PMID-39587029
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@article {pmid39587029,
year = {2024},
author = {Godfery, T and Kean, J and Hikuroa, D and Robinson, A and Williams, N},
title = {Shifting paradigms and creating space for Indigenous leadership in biosecurity management and decision-making.},
journal = {Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology},
volume = {38},
number = {6},
pages = {e14399},
doi = {10.1111/cobi.14399},
pmid = {39587029},
issn = {1523-1739},
mesh = {New Zealand ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/methods ; *Decision Making ; *Leadership ; Humans ; Indigenous Peoples ; Biosecurity ; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ; Biodiversity ; },
abstract = {In New Zealand, awareness regarding protection, enhancement, and regeneration of landscapes and biodiversity is growing as the relationship between functioning and diverse ecosystems and society's health is acknowledged. This relationship is especially important for Indigenous people, who hold strong genealogical and familial ties with nature. Significant biodiversity loss from anthropogenic factors is exacerbated by climate change, ecosystem degradation, and invasive species. Invasive species and other biological threats, such as native pathogens, are concerning for Māori communities, who hold cultural responsibilities to care for nature. Despite acknowledgment of the value of Indigenous perspectives in environmental management in New Zealand and globally, Indigenous participation still largely occurs within Western non-Indigenous paradigms. We highlight the value of Indigenous participation in biosecurity management and propose a shift from Western-based paradigms to paradigms that reflect Indigenous worldviews and relationships with place. Recognizing and including the value of Indigenous participation elevates Indigenous voices to the level of decision-making and leadership in the management of Indigenous lands. Given the genealogical relationships that Māori hold with the natural world and the intertwining of their health and well-being with that of place (land) and nature, biosecurity threats to native species and ecosystems also pose serious risks to community well-being. A holistic biosecurity approach is needed that encompasses cultural, social, economic, and environmental factors at multiple scales. We examined the New Zealand biosecurity context relative to biological threats to native plants and ecosystems and proposed a paradigm shift toward Indigenous place-based biosecurity management. Biosecurity science and science-based tools remain an important component, underscoring the complementary aspects of science and (Indigenous) culture.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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New Zealand
*Conservation of Natural Resources/methods
*Decision Making
*Leadership
Humans
Indigenous Peoples
Biosecurity
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
Biodiversity
RevDate: 2024-11-25
CmpDate: 2024-11-25
Community perceptions of invasive species and environmental management in a US island territory.
Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology, 38(6):e14394.
Environmental managers struggle with communicating accurate and relevant information and with gaining trust from the communities they serve, problems that are especially pronounced in minority and colonized communities. An important step in developing successful management strategies is partnering directly with the communities involved, but community perceptions are rarely surveyed thoroughly when developing these strategies. We held discussions with 73 people across 22 small groups about their perceptions of environmental issues, with a focus on invasive species, on the island of Guåhan (Guam), a US island territory with a long and continued history of colonization by Western countries. We conducted these small group discussions with long-time residents to learn about their environmental concerns and perceptions of invasive species and management efforts. Using grounded theory, we identified themes concerning apathy, proenvironmental behaviors, frustrations with efficacy, and disconnectedness from environmental decision-making among residents of Guåhan. Residents expressed feeling disconnected from management decisions, which they critiqued as ineffective, but largely felt helpless to affect. Still, residents related to us their proenvironmental behaviors (e.g., picking up litter and controlling invasive species) and expressed a desire to learn more about management efforts. Our results highlight a clear need for improvement and expansion of engagement with Guåhan residents about environmental management, as well as opportunities to engage with a concerned and potentially proactive community.
Additional Links: PMID-39587017
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PubMed:
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@article {pmid39587017,
year = {2024},
author = {Gawel, AM and Wald, DM and Rogers, HS},
title = {Community perceptions of invasive species and environmental management in a US island territory.},
journal = {Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology},
volume = {38},
number = {6},
pages = {e14394},
doi = {10.1111/cobi.14394},
pmid = {39587017},
issn = {1523-1739},
support = {//Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Social Science Seed Grant/ ; },
mesh = {*Introduced Species ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/methods ; Guam ; Perception ; Humans ; Islands ; },
abstract = {Environmental managers struggle with communicating accurate and relevant information and with gaining trust from the communities they serve, problems that are especially pronounced in minority and colonized communities. An important step in developing successful management strategies is partnering directly with the communities involved, but community perceptions are rarely surveyed thoroughly when developing these strategies. We held discussions with 73 people across 22 small groups about their perceptions of environmental issues, with a focus on invasive species, on the island of Guåhan (Guam), a US island territory with a long and continued history of colonization by Western countries. We conducted these small group discussions with long-time residents to learn about their environmental concerns and perceptions of invasive species and management efforts. Using grounded theory, we identified themes concerning apathy, proenvironmental behaviors, frustrations with efficacy, and disconnectedness from environmental decision-making among residents of Guåhan. Residents expressed feeling disconnected from management decisions, which they critiqued as ineffective, but largely felt helpless to affect. Still, residents related to us their proenvironmental behaviors (e.g., picking up litter and controlling invasive species) and expressed a desire to learn more about management efforts. Our results highlight a clear need for improvement and expansion of engagement with Guåhan residents about environmental management, as well as opportunities to engage with a concerned and potentially proactive community.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
*Introduced Species
*Conservation of Natural Resources/methods
Guam
Perception
Humans
Islands
RevDate: 2024-11-25
Single-cell Raman spectroscopy for rapid detection of bacteria in ballast water and UV254 treatment evaluation.
Talanta, 284:127266 pii:S0039-9140(24)01645-X [Epub ahead of print].
The increasing global trade has facilitated the transfer of ship ballast water, which has emerged as a primary pathway for alien species invasion into marine ecosystems, posing significant threats to marine biodiversity. Addressing the technical challenges in rapid microorganism detection and treatment efficiency assessment, this study developed a confocal Raman microscopic imaging (CRMI) system integrated with a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) broadband surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) chip, enabling efficient acquisition of single-cell Raman spectroscopy (SCRS). By incorporating machine learning algorithms, the system achieved precise identification of up to 10 bacterial types in ballast water, exhibiting remarkable performance metrics with average accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision above 95.5 %, 95.5 %, 99.5 %, and 95.5 %, respectively. To evaluate the efficacy of ultraviolet (UV) treatment, a Raman spectroscopy-based approach combined with heavy water labeling was introduced to characterize the changes in bacterial single-cell metabolic activity under UV254 irradiation. Experimental results demonstrated that a 10-min UV254 exposure at an effective intensity of 2 mW/cm[2] was sufficient to achieve complete bacterial sterilization for the specific ballast water used in our experiment. This study not only established an efficient and accurate method for rapid detection of mixed bacteria but also provided a novel perspective for assessing UV treatment effects. It holds significance and practical value for optimizing ship ballast water management strategies and safeguarding the safety of marine ecosystems.
Additional Links: PMID-39586213
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@article {pmid39586213,
year = {2024},
author = {Yang, A and Hu, Z and Zou, X and Zhang, Y and Qian, J and Li, S and Liang, J and He, S},
title = {Single-cell Raman spectroscopy for rapid detection of bacteria in ballast water and UV254 treatment evaluation.},
journal = {Talanta},
volume = {284},
number = {},
pages = {127266},
doi = {10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127266},
pmid = {39586213},
issn = {1873-3573},
abstract = {The increasing global trade has facilitated the transfer of ship ballast water, which has emerged as a primary pathway for alien species invasion into marine ecosystems, posing significant threats to marine biodiversity. Addressing the technical challenges in rapid microorganism detection and treatment efficiency assessment, this study developed a confocal Raman microscopic imaging (CRMI) system integrated with a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) broadband surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) chip, enabling efficient acquisition of single-cell Raman spectroscopy (SCRS). By incorporating machine learning algorithms, the system achieved precise identification of up to 10 bacterial types in ballast water, exhibiting remarkable performance metrics with average accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision above 95.5 %, 95.5 %, 99.5 %, and 95.5 %, respectively. To evaluate the efficacy of ultraviolet (UV) treatment, a Raman spectroscopy-based approach combined with heavy water labeling was introduced to characterize the changes in bacterial single-cell metabolic activity under UV254 irradiation. Experimental results demonstrated that a 10-min UV254 exposure at an effective intensity of 2 mW/cm[2] was sufficient to achieve complete bacterial sterilization for the specific ballast water used in our experiment. This study not only established an efficient and accurate method for rapid detection of mixed bacteria but also provided a novel perspective for assessing UV treatment effects. It holds significance and practical value for optimizing ship ballast water management strategies and safeguarding the safety of marine ecosystems.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-26
CmpDate: 2024-11-26
Invasion alters plant and mycorrhizal communities in an alpine tussock grassland.
Oecologia, 206(3-4):317-333.
Plant invasions are impacting alpine zones, altering key mutualisms that affect ecosystem functions. Plant-mycorrhizal associations are sensitive to invasion, but previous studies have been limited in the types of mycorrhizas examined. Consequently, little is known about how invaders that host rarer types of mycorrhizas may affect community and ecosystem properties. We studied invasion by an ericoid mycorrhizal host plant (Calluna vulgaris L., heather) in alpine tussock grasslands in New Zealand. We investigate the effects of increasing C. vulgaris density on the plant and soil microbial community and on mycorrhization in the dominant native species (Chionochloa rubra Z., red tussock), an arbuscular mycorrhizal host. We show that variation in plant community composition was primarily driven by invader density. High invader densities were associated with reductions in C. rubra diameter and in the cover, richness and diversity of the subordinate plant community. Belowground, we show that higher invader densities were associated with lower rates of mycorrhization in C. rubra and higher proportional abundance of the fungal lipid biomarker 18:2ω6 but had little effect on total microbial biomass, which may suggest increased ericoid mycorrhizal and fine root biomass in high C. vulgaris density stands. Our data suggest that disruption of native plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal networks may contribute to the competitive success of C. vulgaris, and that the dramatic decline of C. rubra with invasion reflects its relatively high mycorrhizal dependence. By exploring invasion of a plant with a less common mycorrhizal type, our study expands knowledge of the ecosystem consequences of biological invasions.
Additional Links: PMID-39499271
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@article {pmid39499271,
year = {2024},
author = {Moyle, DM and Deslippe, JR},
title = {Invasion alters plant and mycorrhizal communities in an alpine tussock grassland.},
journal = {Oecologia},
volume = {206},
number = {3-4},
pages = {317-333},
pmid = {39499271},
issn = {1432-1939},
support = {MFP-VUW2002//Te Apārangi | The Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden Fund/ ; },
mesh = {*Mycorrhizae/physiology ; *Grassland ; Ecosystem ; Soil Microbiology ; Introduced Species ; New Zealand ; Biomass ; },
abstract = {Plant invasions are impacting alpine zones, altering key mutualisms that affect ecosystem functions. Plant-mycorrhizal associations are sensitive to invasion, but previous studies have been limited in the types of mycorrhizas examined. Consequently, little is known about how invaders that host rarer types of mycorrhizas may affect community and ecosystem properties. We studied invasion by an ericoid mycorrhizal host plant (Calluna vulgaris L., heather) in alpine tussock grasslands in New Zealand. We investigate the effects of increasing C. vulgaris density on the plant and soil microbial community and on mycorrhization in the dominant native species (Chionochloa rubra Z., red tussock), an arbuscular mycorrhizal host. We show that variation in plant community composition was primarily driven by invader density. High invader densities were associated with reductions in C. rubra diameter and in the cover, richness and diversity of the subordinate plant community. Belowground, we show that higher invader densities were associated with lower rates of mycorrhization in C. rubra and higher proportional abundance of the fungal lipid biomarker 18:2ω6 but had little effect on total microbial biomass, which may suggest increased ericoid mycorrhizal and fine root biomass in high C. vulgaris density stands. Our data suggest that disruption of native plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal networks may contribute to the competitive success of C. vulgaris, and that the dramatic decline of C. rubra with invasion reflects its relatively high mycorrhizal dependence. By exploring invasion of a plant with a less common mycorrhizal type, our study expands knowledge of the ecosystem consequences of biological invasions.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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*Mycorrhizae/physiology
*Grassland
Ecosystem
Soil Microbiology
Introduced Species
New Zealand
Biomass
RevDate: 2024-11-26
CmpDate: 2024-11-26
Pervasive heteroplasmy in an invasive ambrosia beetle (Scolytinae) in southern California.
Heredity, 133(6):388-399.
Heteroplasmy, the presence of multiple mitochondrial genotypes (mitotypes) within an individual, has long been thought to be a rare aberrance that is quickly removed by selection or drift. However, heteroplasmy is being reported in natural populations of eukaryotes with increasing frequency, in part due to improved diagnostic methods. Here, we report a seemingly stable heteroplasmic state in California populations of the polyphagous shothole borer (PSHB), Euwallacea fornicatus; an invasive ambrosia beetle that is causing significant tree dieback. We develop and validate a qPCR assay utilizing locked nucleic acid probes to detect different mitotypes, and qualitatively assess heteroplasmy in individual PSHB. We prove the utility of this assay by: (1) mitotyping field-collected PSHB, documenting the prevalence of heteroplasmy across its range in California; and, (2) measuring relative titers of each mitotype across multiple generations of heteroplasmic laboratory colonies to assess the stability of transmission through the maternal germline. We show that our findings are unlikely to be explained by the existence of NUMTs by next generation sequencing of contiguous sections of mitochondrial DNA, where each of the observed heteroplasmic sites are found within fully functional coding regions of mtDNA. Subsequently, we find heteroplasmic individuals are common in Californian field populations, and that heteroplasmy persists for at least 10 generations in experimental colonies. We also looked for evidence of the common occurrence of paternal leakage, but found none. In light of our results, we discuss competing hypotheses as to how heteroplasmy may have arisen, and continues to perpetuate, in Californian PSHB populations.
Additional Links: PMID-39266674
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@article {pmid39266674,
year = {2024},
author = {Rugman-Jones, PF and Dodge, CE and Stouthamer, R},
title = {Pervasive heteroplasmy in an invasive ambrosia beetle (Scolytinae) in southern California.},
journal = {Heredity},
volume = {133},
number = {6},
pages = {388-399},
pmid = {39266674},
issn = {1365-2540},
support = {Hatch Fund 194617//United States Department of Agriculture | National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA)/ ; 14-8130-0238-CA//United States Department of Agriculture | Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)/ ; SA19-4739-01//California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA)/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; California ; *DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; *Introduced Species ; *Coleoptera/genetics ; *Heteroplasmy/genetics ; Genotype ; },
abstract = {Heteroplasmy, the presence of multiple mitochondrial genotypes (mitotypes) within an individual, has long been thought to be a rare aberrance that is quickly removed by selection or drift. However, heteroplasmy is being reported in natural populations of eukaryotes with increasing frequency, in part due to improved diagnostic methods. Here, we report a seemingly stable heteroplasmic state in California populations of the polyphagous shothole borer (PSHB), Euwallacea fornicatus; an invasive ambrosia beetle that is causing significant tree dieback. We develop and validate a qPCR assay utilizing locked nucleic acid probes to detect different mitotypes, and qualitatively assess heteroplasmy in individual PSHB. We prove the utility of this assay by: (1) mitotyping field-collected PSHB, documenting the prevalence of heteroplasmy across its range in California; and, (2) measuring relative titers of each mitotype across multiple generations of heteroplasmic laboratory colonies to assess the stability of transmission through the maternal germline. We show that our findings are unlikely to be explained by the existence of NUMTs by next generation sequencing of contiguous sections of mitochondrial DNA, where each of the observed heteroplasmic sites are found within fully functional coding regions of mtDNA. Subsequently, we find heteroplasmic individuals are common in Californian field populations, and that heteroplasmy persists for at least 10 generations in experimental colonies. We also looked for evidence of the common occurrence of paternal leakage, but found none. In light of our results, we discuss competing hypotheses as to how heteroplasmy may have arisen, and continues to perpetuate, in Californian PSHB populations.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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hide MeSH Terms
Animals
California
*DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
*Introduced Species
*Coleoptera/genetics
*Heteroplasmy/genetics
Genotype
RevDate: 2024-11-25
Decrease in wind stress leads to an increase in the above ground morphology and number of seeds of an invasive alien species, Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae).
Frontiers in plant science, 15:1445437.
We conducted comparative analyses using an open-top chamber (OTC) to reduce wind stress to clarify the impact of decreased wind stress on the invasive species Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae), which ranks among the worst 100 species on the Invasive Alien Species List in Japan. Morphological analyses revealed that the number and size of leaves in the OTC group were significantly higher than those in the control group (wind). There was also a significantly higher investment in stems in the former than in the latter. No significant differences were observed in root dry mass; however, the resource allocation ratio to the roots was significantly higher in the wind group than in the OTC group. Although the total seed mass was greater in the OTC group, there were no significant differences in the ratio of resource allocation to seeds between the groups, and no significant differences were observed in the mass of each seed. However, the number of seeds was significantly higher in the OTC group. Adaptive changes in the leaves, stems, and roots to avoid and/or resist wind were reflected in differences in the number of seeds. In addition, a decrease in wind stress contributed to an increase in the number of seeds in B. pilosa. Such mechanisms are likely widespread because B. pilosa is often highly abundant in urban systems.
Additional Links: PMID-39582631
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@article {pmid39582631,
year = {2024},
author = {Shiba, M and Kobayashi, N and Harada, S and Fukuda, T},
title = {Decrease in wind stress leads to an increase in the above ground morphology and number of seeds of an invasive alien species, Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae).},
journal = {Frontiers in plant science},
volume = {15},
number = {},
pages = {1445437},
pmid = {39582631},
issn = {1664-462X},
abstract = {We conducted comparative analyses using an open-top chamber (OTC) to reduce wind stress to clarify the impact of decreased wind stress on the invasive species Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae), which ranks among the worst 100 species on the Invasive Alien Species List in Japan. Morphological analyses revealed that the number and size of leaves in the OTC group were significantly higher than those in the control group (wind). There was also a significantly higher investment in stems in the former than in the latter. No significant differences were observed in root dry mass; however, the resource allocation ratio to the roots was significantly higher in the wind group than in the OTC group. Although the total seed mass was greater in the OTC group, there were no significant differences in the ratio of resource allocation to seeds between the groups, and no significant differences were observed in the mass of each seed. However, the number of seeds was significantly higher in the OTC group. Adaptive changes in the leaves, stems, and roots to avoid and/or resist wind were reflected in differences in the number of seeds. In addition, a decrease in wind stress contributed to an increase in the number of seeds in B. pilosa. Such mechanisms are likely widespread because B. pilosa is often highly abundant in urban systems.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-24
CmpDate: 2024-11-24
Detection of human enteric viral genes in a non-native winter crane fly, Trichocera maculipennis (Diptera) in the sewage treatment facilities at Antarctic stations.
Parasites & vectors, 17(1):485.
BACKGROUND: The Antarctic environment is susceptible to the introduction of non-native species due to its unique ecosystem, which has evolved under geographical isolation and extreme climatic conditions over an extended period. The recent introduction of the non-native winter crane fly, Trichocera maculipennis, to maritime Antarctica may pose a potential threat to the Antarctic ecosystem. In this study, we evaluated the possibility of the mechanical transmission of viruses by T. maculipennis.
METHODS: We assessed the potential for the mechanical transmission of viruses using next-generation sequencing (NGS), quantitative PCR (qPCR), and virus isolation methods from T. maculipennis (Tm)-related samples (Tm body-wash fluid and Tm body-ground samples) collected from habitats and sewage treatment facilities located at three research stations in Antarctica.
RESULTS: Virome analysis detected the genomic fragments of human adenovirus (AdV) and human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) in Tm-related samples. These viruses are commonly found in human feces. In addition, plant viruses, such as pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) and cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), both known indicators of enteric viruses, were identified in all Tm-related samples, likely originating from wastewater. However, the low quantities of AdV and HERV genomes detected in Tm-related samples through qPCR, coupled with the non-viability of AdV in virus isolation tests, indicate that T. maculipennis has limited potential for mechanical transmission under the conditions in the studies.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study represents the first evaluation of the potential risk of non-native species serving as vectors for viral pathogens in Antarctica. Although the viruses detected were in relatively low quantities and non-viable, this study highlights the importance of further evaluating the risks associated with non-native species, particularly as the likelihood of their introduction increases to Antarctica due to climate change and increased human activity.
Additional Links: PMID-39582010
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Citation:
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@article {pmid39582010,
year = {2024},
author = {Lee, SY and Kim, JH and Kang, S and Park, KC and Cho, SM and Salinas, CX and Rebolledo, L and Benítez, HA and Mejías, TC and Soutullo, A and Juri, E and Kim, S},
title = {Detection of human enteric viral genes in a non-native winter crane fly, Trichocera maculipennis (Diptera) in the sewage treatment facilities at Antarctic stations.},
journal = {Parasites & vectors},
volume = {17},
number = {1},
pages = {485},
pmid = {39582010},
issn = {1756-3305},
support = {PE24170//Korea Polar Research Institute/ ; PE24140//Korea Polar Research Institute/ ; FOVI220036//Chilean National Research Program/ ; FOVI220036//Chilean National Research Program/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; Antarctic Regions ; *Sewage/virology ; Humans ; Diptera/virology ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Virome/genetics ; Genes, Viral/genetics ; Introduced Species ; Insect Vectors/virology ; Ecosystem ; Adenoviruses, Human/genetics/isolation & purification/classification ; Feces/virology ; Tobamovirus/genetics/isolation & purification/classification ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Antarctic environment is susceptible to the introduction of non-native species due to its unique ecosystem, which has evolved under geographical isolation and extreme climatic conditions over an extended period. The recent introduction of the non-native winter crane fly, Trichocera maculipennis, to maritime Antarctica may pose a potential threat to the Antarctic ecosystem. In this study, we evaluated the possibility of the mechanical transmission of viruses by T. maculipennis.
METHODS: We assessed the potential for the mechanical transmission of viruses using next-generation sequencing (NGS), quantitative PCR (qPCR), and virus isolation methods from T. maculipennis (Tm)-related samples (Tm body-wash fluid and Tm body-ground samples) collected from habitats and sewage treatment facilities located at three research stations in Antarctica.
RESULTS: Virome analysis detected the genomic fragments of human adenovirus (AdV) and human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) in Tm-related samples. These viruses are commonly found in human feces. In addition, plant viruses, such as pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) and cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), both known indicators of enteric viruses, were identified in all Tm-related samples, likely originating from wastewater. However, the low quantities of AdV and HERV genomes detected in Tm-related samples through qPCR, coupled with the non-viability of AdV in virus isolation tests, indicate that T. maculipennis has limited potential for mechanical transmission under the conditions in the studies.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study represents the first evaluation of the potential risk of non-native species serving as vectors for viral pathogens in Antarctica. Although the viruses detected were in relatively low quantities and non-viable, this study highlights the importance of further evaluating the risks associated with non-native species, particularly as the likelihood of their introduction increases to Antarctica due to climate change and increased human activity.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
Antarctic Regions
*Sewage/virology
Humans
Diptera/virology
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Virome/genetics
Genes, Viral/genetics
Introduced Species
Insect Vectors/virology
Ecosystem
Adenoviruses, Human/genetics/isolation & purification/classification
Feces/virology
Tobamovirus/genetics/isolation & purification/classification
RevDate: 2024-11-24
Declining ecological resilience and invasion resistance under climate change in the sagebrush region, United States.
Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America [Epub ahead of print].
In water-limited dryland ecosystems of the Western United States, climate change is intensifying the impacts of heat, drought, and wildfire. Disturbances often lead to increased abundance of invasive species, in part, because dryland restoration and rehabilitation are inhibited by limited moisture and infrequent plant recruitment events. Information on ecological resilience to disturbance (recovery potential) and resistance to invasive species can aid in addressing these challenges by informing long-term restoration and conservation planning. Here, we quantified the impacts of projected future climate on ecological resilience and invasion resistance (R&R) in the sagebrush region using novel algorithms based on ecologically relevant and climate-sensitive predictors of climate and ecological drought. We used a process-based ecohydrological model to project these predictor variables and resulting R&R indicators for two future climate scenarios and 20 climate models. Results suggested widespread future R&R decreases (24%-34% of the 1.16 million km[2] study area) that are generally consistent among climate models. Variables related to rising temperatures were most strongly linked to decreases in R&R indicators. New continuous R&R indices quantified responses to climate change; particularly useful for areas without projected change in the R&R category but where R&R still may decrease, for example, some of the areas with a historically low R&R category. Additionally, we found that areas currently characterized as having high sagebrush ecological integrity had the largest areal percentage with expected declines in R&R in the future, suggesting continuing declines in sagebrush ecosystems. One limitation of these R&R projections was relatively novel future climatic conditions in particularly hot and dry areas that were underrepresented in the training data. Including more data from these areas in future updates could further improve the reliability of the projections. Overall, these projected future declines in R&R highlight a growing challenge for natural resource managers in the region, and the resulting spatially explicit datasets provide information that can improve long-term risk assessments, prioritizations, and climate adaptation efforts.
Additional Links: PMID-39581955
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PubMed:
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@article {pmid39581955,
year = {2024},
author = {Schlaepfer, DR and Chambers, JC and Urza, AK and Hanberry, BB and Brown, JL and Board, DI and Campbell, SB and Clause, KJ and Crist, MR and Bradford, JB},
title = {Declining ecological resilience and invasion resistance under climate change in the sagebrush region, United States.},
journal = {Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e3065},
doi = {10.1002/eap.3065},
pmid = {39581955},
issn = {1051-0761},
support = {//USGS Ecosystems Mission Area Land Management Research Program/ ; //Rocky Mountain Research Station/ ; PL-117-58//Section 40804 Ecosystem Restoration of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (PL-117-58)/ ; //U.S. Bureau of Land Management/ ; //USGS Northwest Climate Adaptation Science Center/ ; },
abstract = {In water-limited dryland ecosystems of the Western United States, climate change is intensifying the impacts of heat, drought, and wildfire. Disturbances often lead to increased abundance of invasive species, in part, because dryland restoration and rehabilitation are inhibited by limited moisture and infrequent plant recruitment events. Information on ecological resilience to disturbance (recovery potential) and resistance to invasive species can aid in addressing these challenges by informing long-term restoration and conservation planning. Here, we quantified the impacts of projected future climate on ecological resilience and invasion resistance (R&R) in the sagebrush region using novel algorithms based on ecologically relevant and climate-sensitive predictors of climate and ecological drought. We used a process-based ecohydrological model to project these predictor variables and resulting R&R indicators for two future climate scenarios and 20 climate models. Results suggested widespread future R&R decreases (24%-34% of the 1.16 million km[2] study area) that are generally consistent among climate models. Variables related to rising temperatures were most strongly linked to decreases in R&R indicators. New continuous R&R indices quantified responses to climate change; particularly useful for areas without projected change in the R&R category but where R&R still may decrease, for example, some of the areas with a historically low R&R category. Additionally, we found that areas currently characterized as having high sagebrush ecological integrity had the largest areal percentage with expected declines in R&R in the future, suggesting continuing declines in sagebrush ecosystems. One limitation of these R&R projections was relatively novel future climatic conditions in particularly hot and dry areas that were underrepresented in the training data. Including more data from these areas in future updates could further improve the reliability of the projections. Overall, these projected future declines in R&R highlight a growing challenge for natural resource managers in the region, and the resulting spatially explicit datasets provide information that can improve long-term risk assessments, prioritizations, and climate adaptation efforts.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-24
CmpDate: 2024-11-24
Coexistence or extinction: Dynamics of multiple lizard species with competition, dispersal and intraguild predation.
Journal of mathematical biology, 89(6):65 pii:10.1007/s00285-024-02162-0.
Biological invasions significantly impact native ecosystems, altering ecological processes and community behaviors through predation and competition. The introduction of non-native species can lead to either coexistence or extinction within local habitats. Our research develops a lizard population model that integrates aspects of competition, intraguild predation, and the dispersal behavior of intraguild prey. We analyze the model to determine the existence and stability of various ecological equilibria, uncovering the potential for bistability under certain conditions. By employing the dispersal rate as a bifurcation parameter, we reveal complex bifurcation dynamics associated with the positive equilibrium. Additionally, we conduct a two-parameter bifurcation analysis to investigate the combined impact of dispersal and intraguild predation on ecological structures. Our findings indicate that intraguild predation not only influences the movement patterns of brown anoles but also plays a crucial role in sustaining the coexistence of different lizard species in diverse habitats.
Additional Links: PMID-39581903
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@article {pmid39581903,
year = {2024},
author = {Deng, J and Shu, H and Tang, S and Wang, L and Wang, XS},
title = {Coexistence or extinction: Dynamics of multiple lizard species with competition, dispersal and intraguild predation.},
journal = {Journal of mathematical biology},
volume = {89},
number = {6},
pages = {65},
doi = {10.1007/s00285-024-02162-0},
pmid = {39581903},
issn = {1432-1416},
support = {12371495//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; GK202201002//Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities/ ; GK202402004//Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities/ ; 2023-JC-JQ-03//Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province/ ; 12031010//Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province/ ; RGPIN-2020-04143//Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada/ ; LEQSF(2022-25)-RD-A-26//Louisiana Board of Regents/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; *Lizards/physiology ; *Predatory Behavior ; *Population Dynamics/statistics & numerical data ; *Models, Biological ; *Ecosystem ; *Introduced Species/statistics & numerical data ; Competitive Behavior/physiology ; Mathematical Concepts ; Extinction, Biological ; Food Chain ; Animal Distribution ; Computer Simulation ; },
abstract = {Biological invasions significantly impact native ecosystems, altering ecological processes and community behaviors through predation and competition. The introduction of non-native species can lead to either coexistence or extinction within local habitats. Our research develops a lizard population model that integrates aspects of competition, intraguild predation, and the dispersal behavior of intraguild prey. We analyze the model to determine the existence and stability of various ecological equilibria, uncovering the potential for bistability under certain conditions. By employing the dispersal rate as a bifurcation parameter, we reveal complex bifurcation dynamics associated with the positive equilibrium. Additionally, we conduct a two-parameter bifurcation analysis to investigate the combined impact of dispersal and intraguild predation on ecological structures. Our findings indicate that intraguild predation not only influences the movement patterns of brown anoles but also plays a crucial role in sustaining the coexistence of different lizard species in diverse habitats.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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Animals
*Lizards/physiology
*Predatory Behavior
*Population Dynamics/statistics & numerical data
*Models, Biological
*Ecosystem
*Introduced Species/statistics & numerical data
Competitive Behavior/physiology
Mathematical Concepts
Extinction, Biological
Food Chain
Animal Distribution
Computer Simulation
RevDate: 2024-11-23
CmpDate: 2024-11-23
Genome assembly of an endemic butterfly (Minois Aurata) shed light on the genetic mechanisms underlying ecological adaptation to arid valley habitat.
BMC genomics, 25(1):1134.
BACKGROUND: The Hengduan Mountains, one of the global biodiversity hotspots with exceptional species richness and high endemism, contains numerous arid valleys that create a distinctive geographical and ecological landscape. However, the adaptive evolutionary mechanisms of organism in the arid valley remain poorly understood. Minois aurata, an endemic butterfly species found exclusively in the arid valley of the upper Minjiang River, represents an attractive model system for studying adaptive evolutionary mechanisms to arid valley environments.
RESULTS: Here, we present the first chromosome-level genome assembly for Minois aurata, with a total size of approximately 609.17 Mb, and a scaffold N50 size of 23.88 Mb. These scaffolds were further clustered and anchored onto 29 chromosomes based on Hi-C data. A total of 16,163 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 91.83% were functionally annotated. The expansion of transposable elements (TEs) accounts for the relatively large genome size of M. aurata, potentially aiding its adaptation to environmental conditions. Phylogenomic analyses based on 3,785 single-copy genes revealed that M. aurata is most closely related to Hipparchia semele. Further mitochondrial genome analysis of four Minois species placed M. aurata in a basal position within the genus, supporting it as an independent species. A total of 185 rapidly evolving and 232 specific gene families were identified in M. aurata. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these gene families were mainly associated with ultraviolet radiation, heat and hypoxia responses. We also identified 234 positive selected genes in M. aurata, some of which are related to compound eye photoreceptor development, osmotic stress, and light stimulus response. Demographic analysis indicated that the effective population size of M. aurata decreased around 0.4 and 0.04 million years ago, respectively, coinciding with the localized sub-glaciation.
CONCLUSION: The chromosome-level genome offers a comprehensive genomic basis for understanding the evolutionary and adaptive strategies of Minois aurata in the unique arid valley environment of the Hengduan Mountains, while also providing valuable insights into the broader mechanisms of organism adaptation to such habitats.
Additional Links: PMID-39580397
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@article {pmid39580397,
year = {2024},
author = {Hu, W and Wang, Y and Chen, X and Huang, J and Kuang, J and Wang, L and Mao, K and Dou, L},
title = {Genome assembly of an endemic butterfly (Minois Aurata) shed light on the genetic mechanisms underlying ecological adaptation to arid valley habitat.},
journal = {BMC genomics},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {1134},
pmid = {39580397},
issn = {1471-2164},
support = {22H0859//Forestry and Grassland Administration of Wenchuan County/ ; 22H0859//Forestry and Grassland Administration of Wenchuan County/ ; SCU2023D003//Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Sichuan University/ ; 2021SCUNL102//Institutional Research Fund from Sichuan University/ ; },
mesh = {*Butterflies/genetics/physiology ; Animals ; *Phylogeny ; *Genome, Insect ; *Ecosystem ; Adaptation, Physiological/genetics ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genomics/methods ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Desert Climate ; China ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Hengduan Mountains, one of the global biodiversity hotspots with exceptional species richness and high endemism, contains numerous arid valleys that create a distinctive geographical and ecological landscape. However, the adaptive evolutionary mechanisms of organism in the arid valley remain poorly understood. Minois aurata, an endemic butterfly species found exclusively in the arid valley of the upper Minjiang River, represents an attractive model system for studying adaptive evolutionary mechanisms to arid valley environments.
RESULTS: Here, we present the first chromosome-level genome assembly for Minois aurata, with a total size of approximately 609.17 Mb, and a scaffold N50 size of 23.88 Mb. These scaffolds were further clustered and anchored onto 29 chromosomes based on Hi-C data. A total of 16,163 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 91.83% were functionally annotated. The expansion of transposable elements (TEs) accounts for the relatively large genome size of M. aurata, potentially aiding its adaptation to environmental conditions. Phylogenomic analyses based on 3,785 single-copy genes revealed that M. aurata is most closely related to Hipparchia semele. Further mitochondrial genome analysis of four Minois species placed M. aurata in a basal position within the genus, supporting it as an independent species. A total of 185 rapidly evolving and 232 specific gene families were identified in M. aurata. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these gene families were mainly associated with ultraviolet radiation, heat and hypoxia responses. We also identified 234 positive selected genes in M. aurata, some of which are related to compound eye photoreceptor development, osmotic stress, and light stimulus response. Demographic analysis indicated that the effective population size of M. aurata decreased around 0.4 and 0.04 million years ago, respectively, coinciding with the localized sub-glaciation.
CONCLUSION: The chromosome-level genome offers a comprehensive genomic basis for understanding the evolutionary and adaptive strategies of Minois aurata in the unique arid valley environment of the Hengduan Mountains, while also providing valuable insights into the broader mechanisms of organism adaptation to such habitats.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
*Butterflies/genetics/physiology
Animals
*Phylogeny
*Genome, Insect
*Ecosystem
Adaptation, Physiological/genetics
DNA Transposable Elements
Evolution, Molecular
Genomics/methods
Molecular Sequence Annotation
Desert Climate
China
RevDate: 2024-11-22
Water provisioning shapes carnivore community structure.
Trends in ecology & evolution pii:S0169-5347(24)00274-X [Epub ahead of print].
Water provisioning is common in arid and semi-arid African ecosystems, but its effects on carnivore communities are not understood. Recently, Morin et al. documented the unexpectedly contrasting space-use patterns of dominant and subordinate carnivores around water sources, with dominant carnivores facilitating subordinate carnivores.
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@article {pmid39578157,
year = {2024},
author = {Somers, MJ and Walters, M},
title = {Water provisioning shapes carnivore community structure.},
journal = {Trends in ecology & evolution},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.001},
pmid = {39578157},
issn = {1872-8383},
abstract = {Water provisioning is common in arid and semi-arid African ecosystems, but its effects on carnivore communities are not understood. Recently, Morin et al. documented the unexpectedly contrasting space-use patterns of dominant and subordinate carnivores around water sources, with dominant carnivores facilitating subordinate carnivores.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-22
Population Genetics and Invasion History of the European Starling Across Aotearoa New Zealand.
Molecular ecology [Epub ahead of print].
The expansion of human settlements over the past few centuries is responsible for an unprecedented number of invasive species introductions globally. An important component of biological invasion management is understanding how introduction history and postintroduction processes have jointly shaped present-day distributions and patterns of population structure, diversity and adaptation. One example of a successful invader is the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris), which was intentionally introduced to numerous countries in the 19th century, including Aotearoa New Zealand, where it has become firmly established. We used reduced representation sequencing to characterise the genetic population structure of the European starling in New Zealand, comparing it to that present in sampling locations in the native range and invasive Australian range. The population structure and genetic diversity patterns we found suggested restricted gene flow from the majority of New Zealand to the northmost sampling location (Auckland). We also profiled genetic bottlenecks and shared outlier genomic regions, which supported historical accounts of translocations between both Australian subpopulations and New Zealand, and provided evidence of which documented translocation events were more likely to have been successful. Using these results as well as historic demographic patterns, we demonstrate how genomic analysis complements even well-documented invasion histories to better understand invasion processes, with direct implications for understanding contemporary gene flow and informing invasion management.
Additional Links: PMID-39575822
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@article {pmid39575822,
year = {2024},
author = {Thompson, B and Atsawawaranunt, K and Nehmens, MC and Pearman, WS and Perkins, EO and Pipek, P and Rollins, LA and Tan, HZ and Whibley, A and Santure, AW and Stuart, KC},
title = {Population Genetics and Invasion History of the European Starling Across Aotearoa New Zealand.},
journal = {Molecular ecology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e17579},
doi = {10.1111/mec.17579},
pmid = {39575822},
issn = {1365-294X},
support = {UOA1911//Marsden Fund/ ; },
abstract = {The expansion of human settlements over the past few centuries is responsible for an unprecedented number of invasive species introductions globally. An important component of biological invasion management is understanding how introduction history and postintroduction processes have jointly shaped present-day distributions and patterns of population structure, diversity and adaptation. One example of a successful invader is the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris), which was intentionally introduced to numerous countries in the 19th century, including Aotearoa New Zealand, where it has become firmly established. We used reduced representation sequencing to characterise the genetic population structure of the European starling in New Zealand, comparing it to that present in sampling locations in the native range and invasive Australian range. The population structure and genetic diversity patterns we found suggested restricted gene flow from the majority of New Zealand to the northmost sampling location (Auckland). We also profiled genetic bottlenecks and shared outlier genomic regions, which supported historical accounts of translocations between both Australian subpopulations and New Zealand, and provided evidence of which documented translocation events were more likely to have been successful. Using these results as well as historic demographic patterns, we demonstrate how genomic analysis complements even well-documented invasion histories to better understand invasion processes, with direct implications for understanding contemporary gene flow and informing invasion management.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-23
Development of a Tetraplex Digital PCR Assay for the Detection of Invasive Snake Species in Florida, USA.
Ecology and evolution, 14(11):e70598.
Florida, USA is a hotspot of biological invasions with over 500 non-native species reported. Reptiles encompass most of the non-native wildlife with over 50 species established, many of which are sympatric and are identified as invasive due to their impacts to the environment, economy, and human health and safety. Reports of new non-native reptiles occur, and many established non-native reptiles continue to expand their ranges in Florida, increasing the need for multitaxa detection and monitoring capabilities. Invasive constrictor snakes are a primary focus of management efforts due to life history traits that favor successful establishment and dispersal in Florida as well as their impacts to native wildlife and Everglades restoration efforts. While traditional survey methods that rely on visual detections fail to reliably detect invasive constrictors, environmental DNA (eDNA) has proven to be a promising method for detection of cryptic and rare species across the landscape. To address emerging needs for multispecies detection and monitoring in Florida, we developed the first tetraplex dPCR assay designed for detection of four species of invasive constrictor snakes, including Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus), northern African pythons (P. sebae), boa constrictors (Boa constrictor), and rainbow boas (Epicrates cenchria). In this tetraplex assay, no cross-amplification across species was documented. This assay serves as a valuable tool for faster and more accurate monitoring efforts of these invasive species in South Florida. Additionally, eDNA samples comprised of soil and water both tested positive for Burmese python DNA under controlled and semicontrolled conditions with DNA being detectable up to 2-weeks post removal in soil samples. Water samples yielded positive detection as quickly as 5 min after exposure to the organism. These data highlight the utility and sensitivity of this protocol for eDNA monitoring.
Additional Links: PMID-39575142
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@article {pmid39575142,
year = {2024},
author = {Miller, MA and Bloch, M and Balaguera-Reina, SA and Olejniczak, KA and Fussell Persaud, CA and Helmick, EE and Mazzotti, FJ and Bahder, BW},
title = {Development of a Tetraplex Digital PCR Assay for the Detection of Invasive Snake Species in Florida, USA.},
journal = {Ecology and evolution},
volume = {14},
number = {11},
pages = {e70598},
pmid = {39575142},
issn = {2045-7758},
abstract = {Florida, USA is a hotspot of biological invasions with over 500 non-native species reported. Reptiles encompass most of the non-native wildlife with over 50 species established, many of which are sympatric and are identified as invasive due to their impacts to the environment, economy, and human health and safety. Reports of new non-native reptiles occur, and many established non-native reptiles continue to expand their ranges in Florida, increasing the need for multitaxa detection and monitoring capabilities. Invasive constrictor snakes are a primary focus of management efforts due to life history traits that favor successful establishment and dispersal in Florida as well as their impacts to native wildlife and Everglades restoration efforts. While traditional survey methods that rely on visual detections fail to reliably detect invasive constrictors, environmental DNA (eDNA) has proven to be a promising method for detection of cryptic and rare species across the landscape. To address emerging needs for multispecies detection and monitoring in Florida, we developed the first tetraplex dPCR assay designed for detection of four species of invasive constrictor snakes, including Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus), northern African pythons (P. sebae), boa constrictors (Boa constrictor), and rainbow boas (Epicrates cenchria). In this tetraplex assay, no cross-amplification across species was documented. This assay serves as a valuable tool for faster and more accurate monitoring efforts of these invasive species in South Florida. Additionally, eDNA samples comprised of soil and water both tested positive for Burmese python DNA under controlled and semicontrolled conditions with DNA being detectable up to 2-weeks post removal in soil samples. Water samples yielded positive detection as quickly as 5 min after exposure to the organism. These data highlight the utility and sensitivity of this protocol for eDNA monitoring.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-22
Rapid speciation in the holopelagic ctenophore Mnemiopsis following glacial recession.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology pii:2024.10.10.617593.
Understanding how populations diverge is one of the oldest and most compelling questions in evolutionary biology. An in depth understanding of how this process operates in planktonic marine animals, where barriers for gene flow are seemingly absent, is critical to understanding the past, present, and future of ocean life. Mnemiopsis plays an important ecological role in its native habitat along the Atlantic coast of the Americas and is highly destructive in its non-native habitats in European waters. Although historical literature described three species of Mnemiopsis , the lack of stable morphological characters has led to the collapse of this group into a single species, Mnemiopsis leidyi . We generate high-quality reference genomes and use a whole-genome sequencing approach to reveal that there are two species of Mnemiopsis along its native range and show that historical divergence between the two species coincides with historical glacial melting. We define a hybridization zone between species and highlight that environmental sensing genes likely contribute to the invasive success of Mnemiopsis . Overall, this study provides insights into the fundamental question of how holopelagic species arise without clear barriers to gene flow and sheds light on the genomic mechanisms important for invasion success in a highly invasive species.
Additional Links: PMID-39574589
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@article {pmid39574589,
year = {2024},
author = {Ketchum, RN and Smith, EG and Toledo, LM and Leach, WB and Padillo-Anthemides, N and Baxevanis, AD and Reitzel, AM and Ryan, JF},
title = {Rapid speciation in the holopelagic ctenophore Mnemiopsis following glacial recession.},
journal = {bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1101/2024.10.10.617593},
pmid = {39574589},
issn = {2692-8205},
abstract = {Understanding how populations diverge is one of the oldest and most compelling questions in evolutionary biology. An in depth understanding of how this process operates in planktonic marine animals, where barriers for gene flow are seemingly absent, is critical to understanding the past, present, and future of ocean life. Mnemiopsis plays an important ecological role in its native habitat along the Atlantic coast of the Americas and is highly destructive in its non-native habitats in European waters. Although historical literature described three species of Mnemiopsis , the lack of stable morphological characters has led to the collapse of this group into a single species, Mnemiopsis leidyi . We generate high-quality reference genomes and use a whole-genome sequencing approach to reveal that there are two species of Mnemiopsis along its native range and show that historical divergence between the two species coincides with historical glacial melting. We define a hybridization zone between species and highlight that environmental sensing genes likely contribute to the invasive success of Mnemiopsis . Overall, this study provides insights into the fundamental question of how holopelagic species arise without clear barriers to gene flow and sheds light on the genomic mechanisms important for invasion success in a highly invasive species.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-21
Predicting the potential distribution of the invasive species, Ophelimus maskelli (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), and its natural enemy Closterocerus chamaeleon (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), under current and future climate conditions.
Journal of economic entomology pii:7906572 [Epub ahead of print].
Invasive species pose a threat to ecosystems and humans worldwide, which is exacerbated by climate change, causing the expansion of species distributions. Ophelimus maskelli (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) causes leaf drying and shedding in eucalyptus trees, forming blister-like galls that negatively impact the growth of the trees. Closterocerus chamaeleon (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is a recognized parasitoid of O. maskelli. This study used the MaxEnt and CLIMEX models to predict the potential distribution under current and future climate scenarios for O. maskelli and its natural enemy, C. chamaeleon. The MaxEnt model result indicated that isothermality was the most critical factor predicting the distribution of O. maskelli, while the mean temperature of the driest quarter was the most critical factor predicting the distribution of C. chamaeleon. Under current climate conditions, the CLIMEX model predicted a wider potential distribution for O. maskelli and a smaller distribution for C. chamaeleon than the MaxEnt model. MaxEnt and CLIMEX prediction results indicated that South America and Africa were suitable for O. maskelli and C. chamaeleon. The MaxEnt model indicated that under SSP245 climate conditions, the potentially suitable regions for these species expanded, while under the SSP126 climate scenario, the region contracted significantly. The CLIMEX model indicated that under the A1B and A2 climate scenarios, the marginally suitable areas increased, while the moderately and highly suitable areas decreased. This study provides a theoretical basis for creating early monitoring, quarantine, and control methods for invasive pests.
Additional Links: PMID-39570924
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@article {pmid39570924,
year = {2024},
author = {Cheng, L and Niu, M and Zhao, X and Cai, B and Wei, J},
title = {Predicting the potential distribution of the invasive species, Ophelimus maskelli (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), and its natural enemy Closterocerus chamaeleon (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), under current and future climate conditions.},
journal = {Journal of economic entomology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/jee/toae262},
pmid = {39570924},
issn = {1938-291X},
support = {32100370//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 2020BQ79//Shanxi Agricultural University/ ; SXBYKY2021024//Shanxi Province for Scientific Research Project/ ; 2021L097//Science and Technology Innovation Projects of Universities in Shanxi Province/ ; 2020-065//Shanxi Scholarship Council of China/ ; 202103021224132//Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi/ ; ZDKJ2021016//Hainan Province Science and Technology/ ; },
abstract = {Invasive species pose a threat to ecosystems and humans worldwide, which is exacerbated by climate change, causing the expansion of species distributions. Ophelimus maskelli (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) causes leaf drying and shedding in eucalyptus trees, forming blister-like galls that negatively impact the growth of the trees. Closterocerus chamaeleon (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is a recognized parasitoid of O. maskelli. This study used the MaxEnt and CLIMEX models to predict the potential distribution under current and future climate scenarios for O. maskelli and its natural enemy, C. chamaeleon. The MaxEnt model result indicated that isothermality was the most critical factor predicting the distribution of O. maskelli, while the mean temperature of the driest quarter was the most critical factor predicting the distribution of C. chamaeleon. Under current climate conditions, the CLIMEX model predicted a wider potential distribution for O. maskelli and a smaller distribution for C. chamaeleon than the MaxEnt model. MaxEnt and CLIMEX prediction results indicated that South America and Africa were suitable for O. maskelli and C. chamaeleon. The MaxEnt model indicated that under SSP245 climate conditions, the potentially suitable regions for these species expanded, while under the SSP126 climate scenario, the region contracted significantly. The CLIMEX model indicated that under the A1B and A2 climate scenarios, the marginally suitable areas increased, while the moderately and highly suitable areas decreased. This study provides a theoretical basis for creating early monitoring, quarantine, and control methods for invasive pests.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-21
First Report of Cucurbit Aphid-Borne Yellows Virus on Sicyos angulatus in Korea.
Plant disease [Epub ahead of print].
Bur cucumber (Sicyos angulatus), known as gasibak in Korea, is an invasive species that has spread widely since its introduction. In July 2024, populations were surveyed along riverbanks in five southeastern regions of South Korea (Andong, Daegu, Cheongsong, Chilgok, and Gunwi). Across these locations, approximately 5% of the plants displayed viral symptoms such as yellowing and mosaic. A total of 25 symptomatic and asymptomatic leaf samples were collected. To identify viral infections, RT-PCR was conducted to detect nine cucurbit viruses common in Korea (Kwak et al., 2018; Park et al., 2011): cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, Cucumovirus CMV), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV, Tobamovirus viridimaculae), cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV, Polerovirus CABYV), cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV, unclassified genus Crinivirus), kyuri green mottle mosaic virus (KGMMV, Tobamovirus kyuri), melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV, Gammacarmovirus melonis), papaya ringspot virus (PRSV, Potyvirus papayanuli), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV, P. citrulli), and zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV, P. cucurbitaflavitesselati). WMV and WMV+CABYV were present in 16 and 6 samples, respectively, across four regions, with no viral infections detected in Andong. All positive samples were infected with WMV, with no CABYV alone and none of the other seven viruses were detected. WMV-infected samples primarily showed mosaic symptoms with irregular discoloration and mottling, while co-infected samples displayed more pronounced yellowing or chlorosis in addition to mosaic patterns. This suggests a specific association of CABYV with the yellowing symptoms, significantly contributing to chlorosis alongside WMV. The observed co-infection aligns with prior reports of WMV and CABYV in cucurbits, emphasizing the need for monitoring both viruses due to their combined impact on symptom severity and yield losses (Rabadán and Gómez, 2023). Asymptomatic samples tested negative for viral infections. To confirm the CABYV infection, cDNA synthesis was conducted on a CABYV-positive sample, followed by PCR with newly designed coat protein gene-specific primers (5'-GTCTCGTTACCAAGAGTCCA/CGACGAACTCACCATCAGC-3'). The resulting amplicon was cloned, sequenced, and submitted to GenBank (accession no. PQ303621.1). This CABYV sequence, designated as isolate Gasibak, showed 100% identity (600/600 bp) with five isolates (KR231962.1, KR231961.1, KR231959.1, KR231949.1, and KR231944.1) previously identified from Korean melons through a BLASTn search. This marks the first report of bur cucumber as a natural host of CABYV worldwide. CABYV belongs to the genus Polerovirus in the family Solemoviridae (Sõmera et al., 2021). Although not commonly found in Korea in the past, this virus has become increasingly prevalent, particularly in oriental melon crops. Recently, Korean authorities recognized that CABYV causes yellowing symptoms in various cucurbit crops, leading to economic damage. While WMV has been reported in bur cucumber (Park et al., 2020), details remain limited. Both WMV and CABYV are known to be transmitted by aphids, raising the possibility that bur cucumber may contribute to the spread of these viruses, particularly in areas near cucurbit crops. Previous studies have shown that bur cucumber can rapidly spread along riverbanks and into agricultural areas, potentially impacting nearby ecosystems and crops (Osawa et al., 2013).
Additional Links: PMID-39570755
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@article {pmid39570755,
year = {2024},
author = {Bak, S and Jeong, H and Kim, M and Kim, S and Ryu, JG and Jung, WK},
title = {First Report of Cucurbit Aphid-Borne Yellows Virus on Sicyos angulatus in Korea.},
journal = {Plant disease},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1094/PDIS-09-24-1887-PDN},
pmid = {39570755},
issn = {0191-2917},
abstract = {Bur cucumber (Sicyos angulatus), known as gasibak in Korea, is an invasive species that has spread widely since its introduction. In July 2024, populations were surveyed along riverbanks in five southeastern regions of South Korea (Andong, Daegu, Cheongsong, Chilgok, and Gunwi). Across these locations, approximately 5% of the plants displayed viral symptoms such as yellowing and mosaic. A total of 25 symptomatic and asymptomatic leaf samples were collected. To identify viral infections, RT-PCR was conducted to detect nine cucurbit viruses common in Korea (Kwak et al., 2018; Park et al., 2011): cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, Cucumovirus CMV), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV, Tobamovirus viridimaculae), cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV, Polerovirus CABYV), cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV, unclassified genus Crinivirus), kyuri green mottle mosaic virus (KGMMV, Tobamovirus kyuri), melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV, Gammacarmovirus melonis), papaya ringspot virus (PRSV, Potyvirus papayanuli), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV, P. citrulli), and zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV, P. cucurbitaflavitesselati). WMV and WMV+CABYV were present in 16 and 6 samples, respectively, across four regions, with no viral infections detected in Andong. All positive samples were infected with WMV, with no CABYV alone and none of the other seven viruses were detected. WMV-infected samples primarily showed mosaic symptoms with irregular discoloration and mottling, while co-infected samples displayed more pronounced yellowing or chlorosis in addition to mosaic patterns. This suggests a specific association of CABYV with the yellowing symptoms, significantly contributing to chlorosis alongside WMV. The observed co-infection aligns with prior reports of WMV and CABYV in cucurbits, emphasizing the need for monitoring both viruses due to their combined impact on symptom severity and yield losses (Rabadán and Gómez, 2023). Asymptomatic samples tested negative for viral infections. To confirm the CABYV infection, cDNA synthesis was conducted on a CABYV-positive sample, followed by PCR with newly designed coat protein gene-specific primers (5'-GTCTCGTTACCAAGAGTCCA/CGACGAACTCACCATCAGC-3'). The resulting amplicon was cloned, sequenced, and submitted to GenBank (accession no. PQ303621.1). This CABYV sequence, designated as isolate Gasibak, showed 100% identity (600/600 bp) with five isolates (KR231962.1, KR231961.1, KR231959.1, KR231949.1, and KR231944.1) previously identified from Korean melons through a BLASTn search. This marks the first report of bur cucumber as a natural host of CABYV worldwide. CABYV belongs to the genus Polerovirus in the family Solemoviridae (Sõmera et al., 2021). Although not commonly found in Korea in the past, this virus has become increasingly prevalent, particularly in oriental melon crops. Recently, Korean authorities recognized that CABYV causes yellowing symptoms in various cucurbit crops, leading to economic damage. While WMV has been reported in bur cucumber (Park et al., 2020), details remain limited. Both WMV and CABYV are known to be transmitted by aphids, raising the possibility that bur cucumber may contribute to the spread of these viruses, particularly in areas near cucurbit crops. Previous studies have shown that bur cucumber can rapidly spread along riverbanks and into agricultural areas, potentially impacting nearby ecosystems and crops (Osawa et al., 2013).},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-21
The Impact of Life-History Traits on Vulnerability to Extinction of the Oviparous Species in Reptiles.
Integrative zoology [Epub ahead of print].
A species' vulnerability to extinction is influenced by both extrinsic threats (e.g., habitat loss and invasive species) and intrinsic biological traits (such as life-history traits, reproductive mode, and reproductive output). In this study, we investigated the roles of intrinsic biological traits in determining the risk of extinction across 960 oviparous species of non-avian reptiles. Our findings revealed that vulnerability to extinction is negatively correlated with clutch size, but positively correlated with egg size when controlling for body size. Surprisingly, we found that body size alone is not a predictor of extinction risk. Additionally, we observed a nonsignificant relationship between the activity phase and vulnerability to extinction across oviparous species. These results suggest that the increased risk of endangerment in oviparous reptiles may stem from declining population density due to decreasing clutch size and increasing egg mass.
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@article {pmid39569753,
year = {2024},
author = {Tian, Y and Jiang, Y and Shao, W and Wu, Y and Liao, W},
title = {The Impact of Life-History Traits on Vulnerability to Extinction of the Oviparous Species in Reptiles.},
journal = {Integrative zoology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/1749-4877.12921},
pmid = {39569753},
issn = {1749-4877},
support = {32370456//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 32300358//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 22NSFSC0011//Key Project of the Natural Sciences Foundation of Sichuan Province/ ; },
abstract = {A species' vulnerability to extinction is influenced by both extrinsic threats (e.g., habitat loss and invasive species) and intrinsic biological traits (such as life-history traits, reproductive mode, and reproductive output). In this study, we investigated the roles of intrinsic biological traits in determining the risk of extinction across 960 oviparous species of non-avian reptiles. Our findings revealed that vulnerability to extinction is negatively correlated with clutch size, but positively correlated with egg size when controlling for body size. Surprisingly, we found that body size alone is not a predictor of extinction risk. Additionally, we observed a nonsignificant relationship between the activity phase and vulnerability to extinction across oviparous species. These results suggest that the increased risk of endangerment in oviparous reptiles may stem from declining population density due to decreasing clutch size and increasing egg mass.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-21
Solar Panels as Novel Nest Sites for the European Paper Wasp Polistes dominula.
Ecology and evolution, 14(11):e70608.
Solar energy facilities are rapidly expanding in their land-use footprint worldwide, with significant implications for biodiversity. Although the impacts of conventional solar development are often negative for biodiversity, it is possible for some species to take advantage of the novel anthropogenic structures and microhabitats provided by solar facilities. We describe the frequent nesting of non-native European paper wasps (Polistes dominula) at two solar facilities in the Central Valley of California (USA), conducting nest censuses to further investigate population density and nest siting behaviour. Active nests were found to occur at a density of 10-23 per hectare of solar facility, and paper wasps had a preference for nesting in sheltered metal torque tubes compared with the more exposed undersides of photovoltaic panels. Our study shows that P. dominula might benefit from the construction of solar energy facilities, which could have a variety of impacts on native species and surrounding agriculture that warrant further study. The European paper wasp therefore provides an example to illustrate the potential for a varied and relatively unpredictable set of ecological outcomes to follow land-use change resulting from solar energy development.
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@article {pmid39568769,
year = {2024},
author = {Tew, NE and Levin, MO and Hernandez, RR},
title = {Solar Panels as Novel Nest Sites for the European Paper Wasp Polistes dominula.},
journal = {Ecology and evolution},
volume = {14},
number = {11},
pages = {e70608},
pmid = {39568769},
issn = {2045-7758},
abstract = {Solar energy facilities are rapidly expanding in their land-use footprint worldwide, with significant implications for biodiversity. Although the impacts of conventional solar development are often negative for biodiversity, it is possible for some species to take advantage of the novel anthropogenic structures and microhabitats provided by solar facilities. We describe the frequent nesting of non-native European paper wasps (Polistes dominula) at two solar facilities in the Central Valley of California (USA), conducting nest censuses to further investigate population density and nest siting behaviour. Active nests were found to occur at a density of 10-23 per hectare of solar facility, and paper wasps had a preference for nesting in sheltered metal torque tubes compared with the more exposed undersides of photovoltaic panels. Our study shows that P. dominula might benefit from the construction of solar energy facilities, which could have a variety of impacts on native species and surrounding agriculture that warrant further study. The European paper wasp therefore provides an example to illustrate the potential for a varied and relatively unpredictable set of ecological outcomes to follow land-use change resulting from solar energy development.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-21
Tracking the North American Asian Longhorned Beetle Invasion With Genomics.
Evolutionary applications, 17(11):e70036.
Biological invasions pose significant threats to ecological and economic stability, with invasive pests like the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky, ALB) causing substantial damage to forest ecosystems. Effective pest management relies on comprehensive knowledge of the insect's biology and invasion history. This study uses genomics to address these knowledge gaps and inform existing biosurveillance frameworks. We used 2768 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms to compare invasive A. glabripennis populations in North America, using genomic variation to trace their sources of invasion and spread patterns, thereby refining our understanding of this species' invasion history. We found that most North American A. glabripennis infestations were distinct, resulting from multiple independent introductions from the native range. Following their introduction, all invasive populations experienced a genetic bottleneck which was followed by a population expansion, with a few also showing secondary spread to satellite infestations. Our study provides a foundation for a genome-based biosurveillance tool that can be used to clarify the origin of intercepted individuals, allowing regulatory agencies to strengthen biosecurity measures against this invasive beetle.
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@article {pmid39568689,
year = {2024},
author = {Cui, M and Roe, AD and Boyle, B and Keena, M and Wu, Y and Braswell, WE and Smith, MT and Gasman, B and Shi, J and Javal, M and Roux, G and Turgeon, JJ and Hamelin, R and Porth, I},
title = {Tracking the North American Asian Longhorned Beetle Invasion With Genomics.},
journal = {Evolutionary applications},
volume = {17},
number = {11},
pages = {e70036},
pmid = {39568689},
issn = {1752-4571},
abstract = {Biological invasions pose significant threats to ecological and economic stability, with invasive pests like the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky, ALB) causing substantial damage to forest ecosystems. Effective pest management relies on comprehensive knowledge of the insect's biology and invasion history. This study uses genomics to address these knowledge gaps and inform existing biosurveillance frameworks. We used 2768 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms to compare invasive A. glabripennis populations in North America, using genomic variation to trace their sources of invasion and spread patterns, thereby refining our understanding of this species' invasion history. We found that most North American A. glabripennis infestations were distinct, resulting from multiple independent introductions from the native range. Following their introduction, all invasive populations experienced a genetic bottleneck which was followed by a population expansion, with a few also showing secondary spread to satellite infestations. Our study provides a foundation for a genome-based biosurveillance tool that can be used to clarify the origin of intercepted individuals, allowing regulatory agencies to strengthen biosecurity measures against this invasive beetle.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-20
CmpDate: 2024-11-21
Molecular mechanisms of flowering time differentiation revealed by transcriptomic sequencing and de novo analysis in Chinese invasive populations of Ambrosia artemisiifolia.
BMC plant biology, 24(1):1106.
BACKGROUND: Ambrosia artemisiifolia is a highly invasive herb with deleterious effects on public health and agricultural systems. Flowering time in this species has been reported to vary along a latitudinal gradient, which may contribute to local adaptation and invasion success in China. However, the molecular basis for the flowering time differentiation remains unclear.
RESULTS: A common garden experiment confirmed a latitudinal gradient in flowering time among seven Chinese populations. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across sampling times and flowering time groups were identified through transcriptome sequencing and analyses of DGE and WGCNA, and were partially annotated to circadian rhythm, light response and hormone response through GO enrichment. By annotating to Flowering Interactive Database (FLOR-ID) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) databases, 53 candidate genes for flowering time differentiation were identified, with 23 of these genes linked to the photoperiod pathway. Additionally, 43 of 53 candidate genes exhibited expression correlated with latitude. Six genes, including FKF1, FT, FUL, MAF2, WNK4 and WNK5, were inferred to promote flowering, while 5 genes, FBH3, FLK, NCL(1), POL2A, and ZHD4, likely repress flowering, based on their expression patterns in relation to latitude and sampling times. Notably, NCL(1), FBH3, MAF2, and FLK may function differently in A. artemisiifolia compared to Arabidopsis thaliana.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified key candidate genes related to the differentiation of flowering time in Chinese ragweed populations, providing valuable insights into molecular mechanisms of phenological adaptation and invasive success of ragweed.
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@article {pmid39567881,
year = {2024},
author = {Yang, XF and Li, XM and Ingvarsson, PK and Xi, C and Liao, WJ},
title = {Molecular mechanisms of flowering time differentiation revealed by transcriptomic sequencing and de novo analysis in Chinese invasive populations of Ambrosia artemisiifolia.},
journal = {BMC plant biology},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {1106},
pmid = {39567881},
issn = {1471-2229},
support = {31700326//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 32371582//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; },
mesh = {*Flowers/genetics/physiology/growth & development ; China ; *Introduced Species ; *Transcriptome ; *Ambrosia/genetics/physiology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; Photoperiod ; East Asian People ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Ambrosia artemisiifolia is a highly invasive herb with deleterious effects on public health and agricultural systems. Flowering time in this species has been reported to vary along a latitudinal gradient, which may contribute to local adaptation and invasion success in China. However, the molecular basis for the flowering time differentiation remains unclear.
RESULTS: A common garden experiment confirmed a latitudinal gradient in flowering time among seven Chinese populations. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across sampling times and flowering time groups were identified through transcriptome sequencing and analyses of DGE and WGCNA, and were partially annotated to circadian rhythm, light response and hormone response through GO enrichment. By annotating to Flowering Interactive Database (FLOR-ID) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) databases, 53 candidate genes for flowering time differentiation were identified, with 23 of these genes linked to the photoperiod pathway. Additionally, 43 of 53 candidate genes exhibited expression correlated with latitude. Six genes, including FKF1, FT, FUL, MAF2, WNK4 and WNK5, were inferred to promote flowering, while 5 genes, FBH3, FLK, NCL(1), POL2A, and ZHD4, likely repress flowering, based on their expression patterns in relation to latitude and sampling times. Notably, NCL(1), FBH3, MAF2, and FLK may function differently in A. artemisiifolia compared to Arabidopsis thaliana.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified key candidate genes related to the differentiation of flowering time in Chinese ragweed populations, providing valuable insights into molecular mechanisms of phenological adaptation and invasive success of ragweed.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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*Flowers/genetics/physiology/growth & development
China
*Introduced Species
*Transcriptome
*Ambrosia/genetics/physiology
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Genes, Plant
Photoperiod
East Asian People
RevDate: 2024-11-20
A review of non-microbial biological control strategies against the Asian longhorned beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).
Environmental entomology pii:7905778 [Epub ahead of print].
The Asian longhorned beetle (ALB), Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky), is a polyphagous woodboring beetle that infests and damages hardwood host trees in Asia, Europe, and North America. Native to China and the Korean peninsula, ALB is invasive in both North America and Europe. Due to the large environmental and economic impacts associated with ALB, much effort has been placed on its management and eradication from invaded areas. Eradication programs consist of visual surveys, regulatory quarantines, host removal, public outreach and education, and in some cases, insecticides. Host removal is effective but is laborious and costly, and while insecticides have been useful as a component of some eradication programs, they can be expensive, ineffective, and environmentally detrimental. Thus, several arthropod biological control agents (BCAs) have been evaluated which could support a more environmentally friendly management strategy to supplement traditional ALB management tactics. Here, we review the biological control strategy for ALB, including the exploration within the native and invaded ranges of the pest, to find potential arthropod BCAs. We discuss the ecological premise behind the method as well as the potential for its success, and we identify knowledge gaps and future considerations for the enactment of this method. While biological control shows promise, care will be needed in utilizing this method, and further research must explore the success of BCAs in field settings.
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@article {pmid39566077,
year = {2024},
author = {Johnson, CL and Coyle, DR and Duan, JJ and Lee, S and Lee, S and Wang, X and Wang, X and Oten, KLF},
title = {A review of non-microbial biological control strategies against the Asian longhorned beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).},
journal = {Environmental entomology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/ee/nvae116},
pmid = {39566077},
issn = {1938-2936},
support = {AP24PPQS&T00C002//APHIS/ ; //National Institute of Food and Agriculture/ ; SC-1050622//USDA/ ; },
abstract = {The Asian longhorned beetle (ALB), Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky), is a polyphagous woodboring beetle that infests and damages hardwood host trees in Asia, Europe, and North America. Native to China and the Korean peninsula, ALB is invasive in both North America and Europe. Due to the large environmental and economic impacts associated with ALB, much effort has been placed on its management and eradication from invaded areas. Eradication programs consist of visual surveys, regulatory quarantines, host removal, public outreach and education, and in some cases, insecticides. Host removal is effective but is laborious and costly, and while insecticides have been useful as a component of some eradication programs, they can be expensive, ineffective, and environmentally detrimental. Thus, several arthropod biological control agents (BCAs) have been evaluated which could support a more environmentally friendly management strategy to supplement traditional ALB management tactics. Here, we review the biological control strategy for ALB, including the exploration within the native and invaded ranges of the pest, to find potential arthropod BCAs. We discuss the ecological premise behind the method as well as the potential for its success, and we identify knowledge gaps and future considerations for the enactment of this method. While biological control shows promise, care will be needed in utilizing this method, and further research must explore the success of BCAs in field settings.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-20
Assessing the potential spread of Zaprionus tuberculatus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in the Americas: insights for proactive management and agricultural protection.
Journal of economic entomology pii:7905648 [Epub ahead of print].
Invasive species pose significant ecological and economic threats globally. Zaprionus tuberculatus Malloch, a drosophilid fruit fly native to the Afrotropical region and Indian Ocean islands, is included in the pest list of the Center for Agriculture and Bioscience (CABI) because it uses fruit as breeding sites and can damage cultivated areas. This fly species extended its range across Europe in the late 20th century; in 2020, it was recorded in South America, and currently, it is widely distributed in Brazil. Here, we assess the potential spreading of Zaprionus tuberculatus in Central and North America based on 2 distinct origins of propagules: from South America and from Europe. To this end, we developed species distribution models using bioclimatic variables and elevation data to project potentially suitable habitats and infer invasion routes. In any case, our results indicate suitability for Z. tuberculatus colonization in Central and North America, including major fruit-producing areas in Central American countries and the United States (Florida and California). The rapid dispersal ability of Z. tuberculatus, coupled with its adaptability to diverse environments, underscores the urgency for proactive monitoring and control measures. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights for developing proactive measures to mitigate the spread of Z. tuberculatus and protect agricultural productivity in the Americas.
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@article {pmid39566019,
year = {2024},
author = {Viana, JPC and Viana, MC and Cavalcanti, FAGS and Mateus, RP and Bitner-Mathé, BC and Garcia, FRM and Jobim, K and Madi-Ravazzi, L and Rohde, C and Martins, MB and Tidon, R},
title = {Assessing the potential spread of Zaprionus tuberculatus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in the Americas: insights for proactive management and agricultural protection.},
journal = {Journal of economic entomology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/jee/toae274},
pmid = {39566019},
issn = {1938-291X},
abstract = {Invasive species pose significant ecological and economic threats globally. Zaprionus tuberculatus Malloch, a drosophilid fruit fly native to the Afrotropical region and Indian Ocean islands, is included in the pest list of the Center for Agriculture and Bioscience (CABI) because it uses fruit as breeding sites and can damage cultivated areas. This fly species extended its range across Europe in the late 20th century; in 2020, it was recorded in South America, and currently, it is widely distributed in Brazil. Here, we assess the potential spreading of Zaprionus tuberculatus in Central and North America based on 2 distinct origins of propagules: from South America and from Europe. To this end, we developed species distribution models using bioclimatic variables and elevation data to project potentially suitable habitats and infer invasion routes. In any case, our results indicate suitability for Z. tuberculatus colonization in Central and North America, including major fruit-producing areas in Central American countries and the United States (Florida and California). The rapid dispersal ability of Z. tuberculatus, coupled with its adaptability to diverse environments, underscores the urgency for proactive monitoring and control measures. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights for developing proactive measures to mitigate the spread of Z. tuberculatus and protect agricultural productivity in the Americas.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-20
CmpDate: 2024-11-20
Low-density migratory beekeeping induces intermediate disturbance effects on native bee communities in Tibetan Plateau alpine meadows.
Journal of insect science (Online), 24(6):.
Ecological disturbance can promote or reduce community biodiversity depending on its severity. Beekeeping activities represent a type of ecological disturbance when large numbers of honey bees are introduced to a landscape and interact with the local plant and pollinator community. In this study, we characterized the effect of immediate and long-term low-density migratory beekeeping on the diversity and abundance of native bees in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (China). We found that the presence of apiaries and the number of honey bees reduced native bee abundances in the local bee community, likely through displacement from floral resources. However, in locations where apiaries were previously kept for decades but are not currently present, native bee abundances recovered, and phylogenetic diversity increased; yet community relative abundances and dominant species were distinct from those that had never been stocked. Our results suggest that the presence of a transient, intermediate number of migratory honey bee colonies (60-100 colonies spaced ≥15 km from each other) may represent an intermediate ecological disturbance and not permanently reduce native bee abundances past a critical threshold that may lead to local extirpation. Yet, our study demonstrates the potential for even intermediate-scale low-density beekeeping to alter native bee communities in the long-term.
Additional Links: PMID-39563069
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@article {pmid39563069,
year = {2024},
author = {Vaudo, AD and Orr, MC and Zhou, QS and Zhu, CD and Mu, J and López-Uribe, MM},
title = {Low-density migratory beekeeping induces intermediate disturbance effects on native bee communities in Tibetan Plateau alpine meadows.},
journal = {Journal of insect science (Online)},
volume = {24},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/jisesa/ieae108},
pmid = {39563069},
issn = {1536-2442},
support = {PEN04716//USDA NIFA Appropriations/ ; //Pennsylvania State University Lorenzo L. Langstroth Endowment/ ; PIFI 2024PVC0046//Chinese Academy of Sciences President's International Fellowship Initiative/ ; //Key Laboratory of the Zoological Systematics/ ; 2008DP173354//Evolution of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/ ; 31270513//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; //US Department of Agriculture/ ; //Forest Service/ ; //U.S. Government/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; Bees/physiology ; *Beekeeping ; Tibet ; *Biodiversity ; Grassland ; Animal Migration ; Population Density ; },
abstract = {Ecological disturbance can promote or reduce community biodiversity depending on its severity. Beekeeping activities represent a type of ecological disturbance when large numbers of honey bees are introduced to a landscape and interact with the local plant and pollinator community. In this study, we characterized the effect of immediate and long-term low-density migratory beekeeping on the diversity and abundance of native bees in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (China). We found that the presence of apiaries and the number of honey bees reduced native bee abundances in the local bee community, likely through displacement from floral resources. However, in locations where apiaries were previously kept for decades but are not currently present, native bee abundances recovered, and phylogenetic diversity increased; yet community relative abundances and dominant species were distinct from those that had never been stocked. Our results suggest that the presence of a transient, intermediate number of migratory honey bee colonies (60-100 colonies spaced ≥15 km from each other) may represent an intermediate ecological disturbance and not permanently reduce native bee abundances past a critical threshold that may lead to local extirpation. Yet, our study demonstrates the potential for even intermediate-scale low-density beekeeping to alter native bee communities in the long-term.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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Animals
Bees/physiology
*Beekeeping
Tibet
*Biodiversity
Grassland
Animal Migration
Population Density
RevDate: 2024-11-19
CmpDate: 2024-11-19
Ecology: Re-complexifying impoverished food webs.
Current biology : CB, 34(22):R1155-R1157.
Traditional conservation holds that non-native species introductions lead to the loss of ecosystem complexity and function. Yet, new research shows that they can restore complexity as well.
Additional Links: PMID-39561713
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@article {pmid39561713,
year = {2024},
author = {Schmitz, OJ},
title = {Ecology: Re-complexifying impoverished food webs.},
journal = {Current biology : CB},
volume = {34},
number = {22},
pages = {R1155-R1157},
doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2024.10.032},
pmid = {39561713},
issn = {1879-0445},
mesh = {*Food Chain ; *Introduced Species ; Animals ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; },
abstract = {Traditional conservation holds that non-native species introductions lead to the loss of ecosystem complexity and function. Yet, new research shows that they can restore complexity as well.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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*Food Chain
*Introduced Species
Animals
*Conservation of Natural Resources
Ecosystem
RevDate: 2024-11-19
Operational lessons learned from simulating an elimination response to a transboundary animal disease in wild animals.
Preventive veterinary medicine, 234:106365 pii:S0167-5877(24)00251-4 [Epub ahead of print].
Transboundary animal disease (TAD) introductions can have myriad economic, ecological, and societal impacts. When TADs are introduced into wild species, rapid and intense control efforts to reduce wild animal host populations are sometimes needed to eliminate the disease and prevent endemicity and spillover to domestic animal populations. Yet, such intensive efforts are non-trivial, and the rarity of TAD introductions means that personnel rarely have direct experience with these types of operations. Thus, explicit assessments of operational challenges for these kinds of efforts can provide direction to build emergency response preparedness capacity. Here, we simulated a TAD control effort in response to initial detection of a hypothetical index case of a TAD in wild pigs (Sus scrofa) (e.g., African swine fever; ASF). We used three removal methods (aerial control, trapping, and an experimental toxic bait). Then, we conducted an after-action assessment to identify operational challenges for rapidly reducing a population of invasive wild pigs within a simulated outbreak zone. We also simulated carcass recoveries of dispatched pigs, similar to what might be conducted during a response to a TAD with carcass-based transmission (e.g., ASF virus). Here, we describe operational challenges identified during our effort, alongside technological development solutions and a priori strategy needs to improve TAD response operation outcomes.
Additional Links: PMID-39561611
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@article {pmid39561611,
year = {2024},
author = {Chalkowski, K and Pepin, KM and Lavelle, MJ and Miller, RS and Fischer, J and Brown, VR and Glow, M and Smith, B and Cook, S and Kohen, K and Sherburne, S and Smith, H and Leland, B and VerCauteren, KC and Snow, NP},
title = {Operational lessons learned from simulating an elimination response to a transboundary animal disease in wild animals.},
journal = {Preventive veterinary medicine},
volume = {234},
number = {},
pages = {106365},
doi = {10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106365},
pmid = {39561611},
issn = {1873-1716},
abstract = {Transboundary animal disease (TAD) introductions can have myriad economic, ecological, and societal impacts. When TADs are introduced into wild species, rapid and intense control efforts to reduce wild animal host populations are sometimes needed to eliminate the disease and prevent endemicity and spillover to domestic animal populations. Yet, such intensive efforts are non-trivial, and the rarity of TAD introductions means that personnel rarely have direct experience with these types of operations. Thus, explicit assessments of operational challenges for these kinds of efforts can provide direction to build emergency response preparedness capacity. Here, we simulated a TAD control effort in response to initial detection of a hypothetical index case of a TAD in wild pigs (Sus scrofa) (e.g., African swine fever; ASF). We used three removal methods (aerial control, trapping, and an experimental toxic bait). Then, we conducted an after-action assessment to identify operational challenges for rapidly reducing a population of invasive wild pigs within a simulated outbreak zone. We also simulated carcass recoveries of dispatched pigs, similar to what might be conducted during a response to a TAD with carcass-based transmission (e.g., ASF virus). Here, we describe operational challenges identified during our effort, alongside technological development solutions and a priori strategy needs to improve TAD response operation outcomes.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-19
Multiyear genotype characterization of eastern spruce budworm outbreaking populations from Quebec and adjacent regions.
Ecology [Epub ahead of print].
Population outbreaks are characterized by irruptive changes in population density and connectivity resulting in rapid demographic and spatial expansion, often at the landscape scale. Outbreaks are common across multiple taxa, many of which inhabit northern ecosystems. Outbreaks of Lepidopteran defoliators in forest ecosystems are a particularly compelling example of this phenomenon, given the massive spatial scales over which these outbreaks can occur, their frequency, and socioeconomic impacts. The eastern spruce budworm (SBW) is a native outbreaking Lepidopteran defoliator of North American boreal forests. Cyclic outbreaks of the SBW influence ecosystem functioning and resilience, as well as forest productivity, timber supply, and other socioeconomic values related to management and mitigation. Despite these significant impacts, the ecological and biological drivers and outcomes of these outbreaks remain poorly understood. Here, we present an extensive genotypic dataset for 1998 geo-referenced SBW individuals collected between the years of 2012 and 2017, during the rising and peak phases of an outbreak that began approximately in 2006. Our sampling covers an unprecedented scope in the extent and number of individuals collected between 2012 and 2017 from Quebec, and in 2015 from New Brunswick (Canada) and from Maine (USA), from multiple SBW life stages, including early and late instar larvae (L2-L6), pupae, and adult moths. Genomic DNA extraction was followed by library preparation and high-throughput sequencing using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS). Samples were genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and aligned to the bw6 version of the SBW genome. This dataset represents one of the most extensive genotypic datasets to date for a boreal insect and is unique as it includes multiple years during a developing (ongoing, at time of sampling) outbreak. Sampling effort covered areas close to the epicenter of the outbreak (Quebec/Canada) and adjacent areas affected by the outbreak progress. This dataset also provides genome-wide characterization of SBW populations from Quebec, serving as a standard for the identification of future samples regarding their locality of origin, structure and connectivity. These data represent a valuable novel resource for further study of the spatial and temporal dynamics of SBW, and how spatial genetic diversity and gene flow are affected by population outbreaks. These data provide a temporal snapshot of SBW genetic diversity, which can serve as baseline for future studies regarding outbreaks, and the impact of human-induced environmental changes on complex population dynamics. This genotype dataset comprises a unique representation of genomic-level composition and variation observed in subsequent generations of an irruptive, cyclic outbreaking species and is of utmost importance for exploring and describing how accelerated demographic variation impacts the development of spatial genetic structure across heterogeneous landscapes. We believe this dataset is essential to management and conservation biology initiatives not only for SBW and boreal forests but also for providing a starting point for broader evolutionary and ecological studies of complex population dynamics. Furthermore, the knowledge, data collection, and curation framework we present here can be used to inform similar spatial temporal baseline studies of other outbreaking (e.g., mountain pine beetle, red-backed voles) and invasive species (e.g., spongy moth and emerald ash borer). The data are released under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Additional Links: PMID-39560016
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@article {pmid39560016,
year = {2024},
author = {Fontenelle, JP and Larroque, J and Legault, S and Wittische, J and Underwood, JAR and James, PMA},
title = {Multiyear genotype characterization of eastern spruce budworm outbreaking populations from Quebec and adjacent regions.},
journal = {Ecology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e4466},
doi = {10.1002/ecy.4466},
pmid = {39560016},
issn = {1939-9170},
support = {//Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency (ACOA Early Intervention for Spruce Budworm Outbreaks)/ ; //Canadian Forest Service (Early Intervention for Spruce Budworm Outbreaks)/ ; PGS-D//Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC Discovery Grant)/ ; 174142//Fonds de Recherche du Quebec - Nature et Technologies (FRQNT Team Grant)/ ; },
abstract = {Population outbreaks are characterized by irruptive changes in population density and connectivity resulting in rapid demographic and spatial expansion, often at the landscape scale. Outbreaks are common across multiple taxa, many of which inhabit northern ecosystems. Outbreaks of Lepidopteran defoliators in forest ecosystems are a particularly compelling example of this phenomenon, given the massive spatial scales over which these outbreaks can occur, their frequency, and socioeconomic impacts. The eastern spruce budworm (SBW) is a native outbreaking Lepidopteran defoliator of North American boreal forests. Cyclic outbreaks of the SBW influence ecosystem functioning and resilience, as well as forest productivity, timber supply, and other socioeconomic values related to management and mitigation. Despite these significant impacts, the ecological and biological drivers and outcomes of these outbreaks remain poorly understood. Here, we present an extensive genotypic dataset for 1998 geo-referenced SBW individuals collected between the years of 2012 and 2017, during the rising and peak phases of an outbreak that began approximately in 2006. Our sampling covers an unprecedented scope in the extent and number of individuals collected between 2012 and 2017 from Quebec, and in 2015 from New Brunswick (Canada) and from Maine (USA), from multiple SBW life stages, including early and late instar larvae (L2-L6), pupae, and adult moths. Genomic DNA extraction was followed by library preparation and high-throughput sequencing using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS). Samples were genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and aligned to the bw6 version of the SBW genome. This dataset represents one of the most extensive genotypic datasets to date for a boreal insect and is unique as it includes multiple years during a developing (ongoing, at time of sampling) outbreak. Sampling effort covered areas close to the epicenter of the outbreak (Quebec/Canada) and adjacent areas affected by the outbreak progress. This dataset also provides genome-wide characterization of SBW populations from Quebec, serving as a standard for the identification of future samples regarding their locality of origin, structure and connectivity. These data represent a valuable novel resource for further study of the spatial and temporal dynamics of SBW, and how spatial genetic diversity and gene flow are affected by population outbreaks. These data provide a temporal snapshot of SBW genetic diversity, which can serve as baseline for future studies regarding outbreaks, and the impact of human-induced environmental changes on complex population dynamics. This genotype dataset comprises a unique representation of genomic-level composition and variation observed in subsequent generations of an irruptive, cyclic outbreaking species and is of utmost importance for exploring and describing how accelerated demographic variation impacts the development of spatial genetic structure across heterogeneous landscapes. We believe this dataset is essential to management and conservation biology initiatives not only for SBW and boreal forests but also for providing a starting point for broader evolutionary and ecological studies of complex population dynamics. Furthermore, the knowledge, data collection, and curation framework we present here can be used to inform similar spatial temporal baseline studies of other outbreaking (e.g., mountain pine beetle, red-backed voles) and invasive species (e.g., spongy moth and emerald ash borer). The data are released under a CC BY 4.0 license.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-19
CmpDate: 2024-11-19
Transformation-based gene silencing and functional characterization of an ISC effector reveal how a powdery mildew fungus disturbs salicylic acid biosynthesis and immune response in the plant.
Molecular plant pathology, 25(11):e70030.
Obligate biotrophic powdery mildew fungi infect a wide range of economically important plants. These fungi often deliver effector proteins into the host tissues to suppress plant immunity and sustain infection. The phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) is one of the most important signals that activate plant immunity against pathogens. However, how powdery mildew effectors interact with host SA signalling is poorly understood. Isochorismatase (ISC) effectors from two other filamentous pathogens have been found to inhibit host SA biosynthesis by hydrolysing isochorismate, the main SA precursor in the plant cytosol. Here, we identified an ISC effector, named EqIsc1, from the rubber tree powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe quercicola. In ISC enzyme assays, EqIsc1 displayed ISC activity by transferring isochorismate to 2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate in vitro and in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants. In EqIsc1-expressing transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana, SA biosynthesis and SA-mediated immune response were significantly inhibited. In addition, we developed an electroporation-mediated transformation method for the genetic manipulation of E. quercicola. Inoculation of rubber tree leaves with EqIsc1-silenced E. quercicola strain induced SA-mediated immunity. We also detected the translocation of EqIsc1 into the plant cytosol during the interaction between E. quercicola and its host. Taken together, our results suggest that a powdery mildew effector functions as an ISC enzyme to hydrolyse isochorismate in the host cytosol, altering the SA biosynthesis and immune response.
Additional Links: PMID-39558488
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PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39558488,
year = {2024},
author = {Yin, J and Li, X and Dong, L and Zhu, X and Chen, Y and Zhao, W and Liu, Y and Shan, J and Liu, W and Lin, C and Miao, W},
title = {Transformation-based gene silencing and functional characterization of an ISC effector reveal how a powdery mildew fungus disturbs salicylic acid biosynthesis and immune response in the plant.},
journal = {Molecular plant pathology},
volume = {25},
number = {11},
pages = {e70030},
doi = {10.1111/mpp.70030},
pmid = {39558488},
issn = {1364-3703},
support = {XTCX2022NYA01//Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High Efficiency Tropical Agriculture of Hainan University/ ; KJRC2023B14//Hainan Province Science and Technology Talent Innovation Project/ ; 31960518//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 32360640//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; THAITS-3//Tropical High-efficiency Agricultural Industry Technology System of Hainan University/ ; },
mesh = {*Salicylic Acid/metabolism ; *Ascomycota/pathogenicity/physiology ; *Gene Silencing ; *Arabidopsis/microbiology/immunology/genetics ; *Plant Diseases/microbiology/immunology ; *Plant Immunity ; Nicotiana/microbiology/immunology/genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Transformation, Genetic ; Fungal Proteins/metabolism/genetics ; },
abstract = {Obligate biotrophic powdery mildew fungi infect a wide range of economically important plants. These fungi often deliver effector proteins into the host tissues to suppress plant immunity and sustain infection. The phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) is one of the most important signals that activate plant immunity against pathogens. However, how powdery mildew effectors interact with host SA signalling is poorly understood. Isochorismatase (ISC) effectors from two other filamentous pathogens have been found to inhibit host SA biosynthesis by hydrolysing isochorismate, the main SA precursor in the plant cytosol. Here, we identified an ISC effector, named EqIsc1, from the rubber tree powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe quercicola. In ISC enzyme assays, EqIsc1 displayed ISC activity by transferring isochorismate to 2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate in vitro and in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants. In EqIsc1-expressing transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana, SA biosynthesis and SA-mediated immune response were significantly inhibited. In addition, we developed an electroporation-mediated transformation method for the genetic manipulation of E. quercicola. Inoculation of rubber tree leaves with EqIsc1-silenced E. quercicola strain induced SA-mediated immunity. We also detected the translocation of EqIsc1 into the plant cytosol during the interaction between E. quercicola and its host. Taken together, our results suggest that a powdery mildew effector functions as an ISC enzyme to hydrolyse isochorismate in the host cytosol, altering the SA biosynthesis and immune response.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
*Salicylic Acid/metabolism
*Ascomycota/pathogenicity/physiology
*Gene Silencing
*Arabidopsis/microbiology/immunology/genetics
*Plant Diseases/microbiology/immunology
*Plant Immunity
Nicotiana/microbiology/immunology/genetics
Plants, Genetically Modified
Transformation, Genetic
Fungal Proteins/metabolism/genetics
RevDate: 2024-11-18
CmpDate: 2024-11-19
Greater risk-taking by non-native than native shrimp: an advantage in a human-disturbed environment?.
BMC ecology and evolution, 24(1):143.
BACKGROUND: The invasion of non-native species into ecosystems is a growing human-induced problem. To control their spread and population growth, knowledge is needed on the factors that facilitate or impede their invasions. In animals, traits often associated with invasion success are high activity, boldness, and aggression. However, these traits also make individuals susceptible to predation, which could curb population growth. We investigated if a recent invader into the Baltic Sea, the shrimp Palaemon elegans, differs in risk-taking from a native shrimp, P. adspersus. We recorded activity, habitat choice, and response to perceived predation threat of both species.
RESULTS: We found the invading shrimp to take greater risks than the native one; while the native shrimp adjusted its behaviour to habitat structure and exposure to a perceived predator, the non-native shrimp did not, and it resumed normal activity sooner after a perceived predation threat. Despite the greater risk taking by the non-native shrimp, its population has grown rapidly during the last two decades in the investigated area and is now larger than that of the native shrimp.
CONCLUSIONS: We discuss plausible explanations for the population growth of the invader, including the recent decline in predatory fishes that could have reduced the cost of risk-taking, and anthropogenic eutrophication that has increased food abundance could have allowed the population growth. These results stress the need to assess the optimality of the behaviours of both native and non-native species when investigating the factors that influence invasion success in human-disturbed environments.
Additional Links: PMID-39558248
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Citation:
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@article {pmid39558248,
year = {2024},
author = {Gómez, AE and Ipenburg, C and Candolin, U},
title = {Greater risk-taking by non-native than native shrimp: an advantage in a human-disturbed environment?.},
journal = {BMC ecology and evolution},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {143},
pmid = {39558248},
issn = {2730-7182},
mesh = {Animals ; *Introduced Species ; *Palaemonidae/physiology ; *Risk-Taking ; *Ecosystem ; Predatory Behavior/physiology ; Humans ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The invasion of non-native species into ecosystems is a growing human-induced problem. To control their spread and population growth, knowledge is needed on the factors that facilitate or impede their invasions. In animals, traits often associated with invasion success are high activity, boldness, and aggression. However, these traits also make individuals susceptible to predation, which could curb population growth. We investigated if a recent invader into the Baltic Sea, the shrimp Palaemon elegans, differs in risk-taking from a native shrimp, P. adspersus. We recorded activity, habitat choice, and response to perceived predation threat of both species.
RESULTS: We found the invading shrimp to take greater risks than the native one; while the native shrimp adjusted its behaviour to habitat structure and exposure to a perceived predator, the non-native shrimp did not, and it resumed normal activity sooner after a perceived predation threat. Despite the greater risk taking by the non-native shrimp, its population has grown rapidly during the last two decades in the investigated area and is now larger than that of the native shrimp.
CONCLUSIONS: We discuss plausible explanations for the population growth of the invader, including the recent decline in predatory fishes that could have reduced the cost of risk-taking, and anthropogenic eutrophication that has increased food abundance could have allowed the population growth. These results stress the need to assess the optimality of the behaviours of both native and non-native species when investigating the factors that influence invasion success in human-disturbed environments.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
*Introduced Species
*Palaemonidae/physiology
*Risk-Taking
*Ecosystem
Predatory Behavior/physiology
Humans
RevDate: 2024-11-18
Disentangling the worldwide invasion process of Halyomorpha halys through approximate Bayesian computation.
Heredity [Epub ahead of print].
Halyomorpha halys is a polyphagous insect pest, which was first found outside its native regions in 1996, and since then it has rapidly spread worldwide causing damage to agriculture. Investigating the genetic diversity among H. halys populations is essential to understand the colonization history out of its native areas. Analyses based on mtDNA indicate multiple invasions from Asia to European and American continents, as well as serial invasions within invaded countries, but the colonization dynamics are still debated. Recently, genome-wide data (ddRAD) have been published to investigate the genomic structure of H. halys, proposing China as a putative source of multiple serial invasion events to Europe and the Americas. In this study we re-analyze published ddRAD sequences from worldwide populations of H. halys to better elucidate the colonization process. We assessed the genetic diversity in native populations identifying genetic differentiation between populations in China. Furthermore, we observed a complex pattern of population structure in the invaded countries, that may have originated from the occurrence of multiple independent colonization waves through time, from sub-populations present in the native range to Europe and the Americas. We tested alternative colonization hypotheses through Approximate Bayesian Computation comparison of demographic scenarios. Our results support multiple waves of migration from East China to invaded territories and the occurrence of European and American bridgehead effects. These results underline the importance of demographic inference through genome-wide data to investigate biological invasions, whose knowledge become fundamental to establish new strategies of management and control of invasive species.
Additional Links: PMID-39558034
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39558034,
year = {2024},
author = {Boscolo Agostini, R and Vizzari, MT and Benazzo, A and Ghirotto, S},
title = {Disentangling the worldwide invasion process of Halyomorpha halys through approximate Bayesian computation.},
journal = {Heredity},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {39558034},
issn = {1365-2540},
abstract = {Halyomorpha halys is a polyphagous insect pest, which was first found outside its native regions in 1996, and since then it has rapidly spread worldwide causing damage to agriculture. Investigating the genetic diversity among H. halys populations is essential to understand the colonization history out of its native areas. Analyses based on mtDNA indicate multiple invasions from Asia to European and American continents, as well as serial invasions within invaded countries, but the colonization dynamics are still debated. Recently, genome-wide data (ddRAD) have been published to investigate the genomic structure of H. halys, proposing China as a putative source of multiple serial invasion events to Europe and the Americas. In this study we re-analyze published ddRAD sequences from worldwide populations of H. halys to better elucidate the colonization process. We assessed the genetic diversity in native populations identifying genetic differentiation between populations in China. Furthermore, we observed a complex pattern of population structure in the invaded countries, that may have originated from the occurrence of multiple independent colonization waves through time, from sub-populations present in the native range to Europe and the Americas. We tested alternative colonization hypotheses through Approximate Bayesian Computation comparison of demographic scenarios. Our results support multiple waves of migration from East China to invaded territories and the occurrence of European and American bridgehead effects. These results underline the importance of demographic inference through genome-wide data to investigate biological invasions, whose knowledge become fundamental to establish new strategies of management and control of invasive species.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-18
CmpDate: 2024-11-19
Intraspecific variation in the functional responses of an invasive tropical freshwater fish under increasing temperature regimes.
Scientific reports, 14(1):28424.
Global warming and the introduction of non-native fish represent major threats to freshwater biodiversity worldwide, but their effects have usually been investigated separately. Since most fish are ectotherms, their metabolism and feeding behaviour are highly influenced by temperature. Increasing water temperatures may thus exacerbate the impact of non-native fish, particularly those adapted to warmer conditions, on prey populations. Increasing temperature can also result in divergences between the impacts of females and males, especially in sexually dimorphic species.The globally invasive tropical guppy Poecilia reticulata Peters, a popular aquarium fish also used for control of mosquito-borne diseases and as a model species in ecological and evolutionary studies, exhibits strong sexual dimorphism and larvivory. This laboratory study examined prey consumption and prey size selection by guppies fed with chironomid larvae under varying temperature conditions. The effect of sex, pregnancy and prey body size on the guppy's predatory response was also assessed by comparing Functional Responses.The results highlighted four key points: (1) increased temperature led to increased prey consumption in both females and males by decreasing handling time; (2) prey consumption was disproportionately higher in females than males, regardless of temperature; (3) temperature influenced females' prey size selection; and (4) pregnancy reduced prey handling time among females.These findings show that temperature and intraspecific differences influence the feeding response of invasive fish, and they should both be taken into account when investigating and predicting the ecological impact of invasive species on invaded food webs.
Additional Links: PMID-39558026
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39558026,
year = {2024},
author = {Ventura, M and Cittadino, S and Calizza, E and Careddu, G and Caputi, SS and Rossi, L and Costantini, ML},
title = {Intraspecific variation in the functional responses of an invasive tropical freshwater fish under increasing temperature regimes.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {28424},
pmid = {39558026},
issn = {2045-2322},
support = {PROGETTO CNR_CHANGE_COSTANTINI_22 (Codice UGOV: 000302_22_PROGETTO_CNR_CHANGE_COSTANTINI - RU: COSTANTINI Maria Letizia)//MIUR-PRA/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; Female ; Male ; *Introduced Species ; *Temperature ; *Fresh Water ; *Predatory Behavior/physiology ; *Poecilia/physiology ; Tropical Climate ; Global Warming ; },
abstract = {Global warming and the introduction of non-native fish represent major threats to freshwater biodiversity worldwide, but their effects have usually been investigated separately. Since most fish are ectotherms, their metabolism and feeding behaviour are highly influenced by temperature. Increasing water temperatures may thus exacerbate the impact of non-native fish, particularly those adapted to warmer conditions, on prey populations. Increasing temperature can also result in divergences between the impacts of females and males, especially in sexually dimorphic species.The globally invasive tropical guppy Poecilia reticulata Peters, a popular aquarium fish also used for control of mosquito-borne diseases and as a model species in ecological and evolutionary studies, exhibits strong sexual dimorphism and larvivory. This laboratory study examined prey consumption and prey size selection by guppies fed with chironomid larvae under varying temperature conditions. The effect of sex, pregnancy and prey body size on the guppy's predatory response was also assessed by comparing Functional Responses.The results highlighted four key points: (1) increased temperature led to increased prey consumption in both females and males by decreasing handling time; (2) prey consumption was disproportionately higher in females than males, regardless of temperature; (3) temperature influenced females' prey size selection; and (4) pregnancy reduced prey handling time among females.These findings show that temperature and intraspecific differences influence the feeding response of invasive fish, and they should both be taken into account when investigating and predicting the ecological impact of invasive species on invaded food webs.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
Female
Male
*Introduced Species
*Temperature
*Fresh Water
*Predatory Behavior/physiology
*Poecilia/physiology
Tropical Climate
Global Warming
RevDate: 2024-11-18
New bass on the block: Trophic interactions among invasive largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides and local sportfish.
Journal of fish biology [Epub ahead of print].
Novel introductions of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, often cause negative impacts on endemic populations of prey fishes and interspecific competitors. Although many studies have investigated trophic interactions between M. salmoides and smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu, few have included chain pickerel, Esox niger, as a competitor despite similarities in their habitat use. We used stable isotope analysis to investigate the trophic ecology of a recently introduced population of M. salmoides in the Wolastoq|Saint John River. Specifically, we measured carbon (δ[13]C) and nitrogen (δ[15]N) isotopes to describe isotopic niches and infer resource use of introduced M. salmoides, M. dolomieu, E. niger, and native yellow perch, Perca flavescens, at various life stages. Our results showed that isotopic niche overlap occurred between M. salmoides and other study species, indicative of resource competition. However, resource use plasticity, as demonstrated by a wide variety of resources (marine, terrestrial, littoral, and pelagic) used by all study species, could potentially reduce interspecific competition. Our findings indicate that competition is highest between adult M. salmoides and E. niger, but the presence of a seasonal marine resource can provide important contributions to diets and potentially reduce competition. Further research should focus on monitoring of long-term trends to identify the dynamics of all study species as M. salmoides populations become further established and dispersed.
Additional Links: PMID-39557602
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PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39557602,
year = {2024},
author = {Culberson, AE and Nakamoto, B and Lento, J and Curry, RA and Harrison, PM},
title = {New bass on the block: Trophic interactions among invasive largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides and local sportfish.},
journal = {Journal of fish biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jfb.15997},
pmid = {39557602},
issn = {1095-8649},
abstract = {Novel introductions of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, often cause negative impacts on endemic populations of prey fishes and interspecific competitors. Although many studies have investigated trophic interactions between M. salmoides and smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu, few have included chain pickerel, Esox niger, as a competitor despite similarities in their habitat use. We used stable isotope analysis to investigate the trophic ecology of a recently introduced population of M. salmoides in the Wolastoq|Saint John River. Specifically, we measured carbon (δ[13]C) and nitrogen (δ[15]N) isotopes to describe isotopic niches and infer resource use of introduced M. salmoides, M. dolomieu, E. niger, and native yellow perch, Perca flavescens, at various life stages. Our results showed that isotopic niche overlap occurred between M. salmoides and other study species, indicative of resource competition. However, resource use plasticity, as demonstrated by a wide variety of resources (marine, terrestrial, littoral, and pelagic) used by all study species, could potentially reduce interspecific competition. Our findings indicate that competition is highest between adult M. salmoides and E. niger, but the presence of a seasonal marine resource can provide important contributions to diets and potentially reduce competition. Further research should focus on monitoring of long-term trends to identify the dynamics of all study species as M. salmoides populations become further established and dispersed.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-19
CmpDate: 2024-11-19
Historical invasion rates vary among insect trophic groups.
Current biology : CB, 34(22):5374-5381.e3.
Globalization has spread thousands of invasive insect species into new world regions,[1][,][2][,][3] causing severe losses in ecosystem services. Previous work proposed that plant invasions facilitate insect invasions through the creation of niches for non-native herbivores.[3][,][4][,][5][,][6] Despite the impact of insect invasions, a comprehensive understanding is lacking on how invasion success varies among insect feeding groups. We therefore compiled the predominant larval trophic groups (herbivores, predators, parasites, detritivores, and brood-carers) for 5,839 non-native insect species in nine world regions to compare (1) proportions of species in each group between non-native species and the world's fauna, (2) how invasion success for each trophic group has changed over the last three centuries, and (3) how historical herbivore invasions are related to plant invasions over time and parasite invasions are related to herbivores. We find that herbivores represent a significantly larger proportion (52.4%) among non-native insects compared with the world fauna (38.4%), whereas proportions of non-native detritivores (including fungivores), predators, and brood-carers are significantly lower; parasite proportions do not significantly differ. Predators and detritivores dominated among invasions in the 18th century but subsequently diminished, likely due to changing invasion pathways, whereas proportions of herbivores, parasites, and brood-carers increased over time. We found herbivore invasions to lag 80 years behind plant invasions, whereas parasitoids appear to co-invade with their herbivore hosts. The dominance of herbivores among non-native insects and their strong cross-correlation with plant invasions further strengthens the hypothesis that plant invasions drive the global rise in numbers of non-native insects.
Additional Links: PMID-39442520
Publisher:
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39442520,
year = {2024},
author = {Mally, R and Turner, RM and Nahrung, HF and Yamanaka, T and Fenn-Moltu, G and Bertelsmeier, C and Liebhold, AM},
title = {Historical invasion rates vary among insect trophic groups.},
journal = {Current biology : CB},
volume = {34},
number = {22},
pages = {5374-5381.e3},
doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.068},
pmid = {39442520},
issn = {1879-0445},
mesh = {Animals ; *Introduced Species ; *Insecta/physiology ; *Herbivory ; *Food Chain ; Larva/physiology ; },
abstract = {Globalization has spread thousands of invasive insect species into new world regions,[1][,][2][,][3] causing severe losses in ecosystem services. Previous work proposed that plant invasions facilitate insect invasions through the creation of niches for non-native herbivores.[3][,][4][,][5][,][6] Despite the impact of insect invasions, a comprehensive understanding is lacking on how invasion success varies among insect feeding groups. We therefore compiled the predominant larval trophic groups (herbivores, predators, parasites, detritivores, and brood-carers) for 5,839 non-native insect species in nine world regions to compare (1) proportions of species in each group between non-native species and the world's fauna, (2) how invasion success for each trophic group has changed over the last three centuries, and (3) how historical herbivore invasions are related to plant invasions over time and parasite invasions are related to herbivores. We find that herbivores represent a significantly larger proportion (52.4%) among non-native insects compared with the world fauna (38.4%), whereas proportions of non-native detritivores (including fungivores), predators, and brood-carers are significantly lower; parasite proportions do not significantly differ. Predators and detritivores dominated among invasions in the 18th century but subsequently diminished, likely due to changing invasion pathways, whereas proportions of herbivores, parasites, and brood-carers increased over time. We found herbivore invasions to lag 80 years behind plant invasions, whereas parasitoids appear to co-invade with their herbivore hosts. The dominance of herbivores among non-native insects and their strong cross-correlation with plant invasions further strengthens the hypothesis that plant invasions drive the global rise in numbers of non-native insects.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
*Introduced Species
*Insecta/physiology
*Herbivory
*Food Chain
Larva/physiology
RevDate: 2024-11-19
CmpDate: 2024-11-19
Australia's recently established predators restore complexity to food webs simplified by extinction.
Current biology : CB, 34(22):5164-5172.e2.
Since prehistory, humans have altered the composition of ecosystems by causing extinctions and introducing species. However, our understanding of how waves of species extinctions and introductions influence the structure and function of ecological networks through time remains piecemeal. Here, focusing on Australia, which has experienced many extinctions and introductions since the Late Pleistocene, we compared the functional trait composition of Late Pleistocene (130,00-115,000 years before present [ybp]), Holocene (11,700-3,000 ybp), and current Australian mammalian predator assemblages (≥70% vertebrate meat consumption; ≥1 kg adult body mass). We then constructed food webs for each period based on estimated prey body mass preferences. We found that introduced predators are functionally distinct from extinct Australian predators, but they rewire food webs toward a state that closely resembles the Late Pleistocene, prior to the megafauna extinctions. Both Late Pleistocene and current-day food webs consist of an apex predator and three smaller predators. This leads to food web networks with a similar total number of links, link densities, and compartmentalizations. However, this similarity depends on the presence of dingoes: in their absence, food webs become simplified and reminiscent of those following the Late Pleistocene extinctions. Our results suggest that recently established predators, even those implicated in species extinctions and declines, can restore complexity to food webs simplified by extinction.
Additional Links: PMID-39389058
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PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39389058,
year = {2024},
author = {Wooster, EIF and Middleton, OS and Wallach, AD and Ramp, D and Sanisidro, O and Harris, VK and Rowan, J and Schowanek, SD and Gordon, CE and Svenning, JC and Davis, M and Scharlemann, JPW and Nimmo, DG and Lundgren, EJ and Sandom, CJ},
title = {Australia's recently established predators restore complexity to food webs simplified by extinction.},
journal = {Current biology : CB},
volume = {34},
number = {22},
pages = {5164-5172.e2},
doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.049},
pmid = {39389058},
issn = {1879-0445},
mesh = {*Food Chain ; Animals ; *Extinction, Biological ; Australia ; *Predatory Behavior ; Introduced Species ; Mammals/physiology ; },
abstract = {Since prehistory, humans have altered the composition of ecosystems by causing extinctions and introducing species. However, our understanding of how waves of species extinctions and introductions influence the structure and function of ecological networks through time remains piecemeal. Here, focusing on Australia, which has experienced many extinctions and introductions since the Late Pleistocene, we compared the functional trait composition of Late Pleistocene (130,00-115,000 years before present [ybp]), Holocene (11,700-3,000 ybp), and current Australian mammalian predator assemblages (≥70% vertebrate meat consumption; ≥1 kg adult body mass). We then constructed food webs for each period based on estimated prey body mass preferences. We found that introduced predators are functionally distinct from extinct Australian predators, but they rewire food webs toward a state that closely resembles the Late Pleistocene, prior to the megafauna extinctions. Both Late Pleistocene and current-day food webs consist of an apex predator and three smaller predators. This leads to food web networks with a similar total number of links, link densities, and compartmentalizations. However, this similarity depends on the presence of dingoes: in their absence, food webs become simplified and reminiscent of those following the Late Pleistocene extinctions. Our results suggest that recently established predators, even those implicated in species extinctions and declines, can restore complexity to food webs simplified by extinction.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
*Food Chain
Animals
*Extinction, Biological
Australia
*Predatory Behavior
Introduced Species
Mammals/physiology
RevDate: 2024-11-19
CmpDate: 2024-11-19
Evaluating fish foraging behaviour on non-indigenous Asparagopsis taxiformis using a remote video foraging system.
Marine environmental research, 202:106766.
The proliferation of pest and invasive marine macroalgae threatens coastal ecosystems, with biotic interactions, including direct effects such as grazing and indirect effects such as the trophic cascades, where one species indirectly affects another through its interactions with a third species, play a critical role in determining the resistance of local communities to these invasions. This study examines the foraging behaviour and preference of native fish communities toward native (Halopteris scoparia, Sargassum vulgare) and non-indigenous (Asparagopsis taxiformis) macroalgae using the Remote Video Foraging System (RVFS). Fifty-four weedpops were deployed across three locations to present these macroalgae, while associated epifaunal assemblages were also collected. Video analysis revealed that four common fish species displayed preference towards native macroalgae, possibly due to by the presence of zoobenthos rather than herbivory. This observation suggests that these fish species identified the macroalgae as a habitat that harboured their preferred food items. In contrast, A. taxiformis was consistently avoided, suggesting limited integration into the local food web. Site-specific variations in fish-macroalgae interactions and epifaunal diversity highlighted the complexity of these dynamics. This study contributes to understanding of the ecological implications of invasive macroalgae and supports the use of RVFS as a tool for assessing local biotic resistance against non-indigenous species in coastal ecosystems globally.
Additional Links: PMID-39357202
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@article {pmid39357202,
year = {2024},
author = {Chebaane, S and Engelen, AH and Pais, MP and Silva, R and Gizzi, F and Triay-Portella, R and Florido, M and Monteiro, JG},
title = {Evaluating fish foraging behaviour on non-indigenous Asparagopsis taxiformis using a remote video foraging system.},
journal = {Marine environmental research},
volume = {202},
number = {},
pages = {106766},
doi = {10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106766},
pmid = {39357202},
issn = {1879-0291},
mesh = {Animals ; *Fishes/physiology ; *Introduced Species ; *Seaweed/physiology ; Feeding Behavior ; Food Chain ; Ecosystem ; Video Recording ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Rhodophyta ; },
abstract = {The proliferation of pest and invasive marine macroalgae threatens coastal ecosystems, with biotic interactions, including direct effects such as grazing and indirect effects such as the trophic cascades, where one species indirectly affects another through its interactions with a third species, play a critical role in determining the resistance of local communities to these invasions. This study examines the foraging behaviour and preference of native fish communities toward native (Halopteris scoparia, Sargassum vulgare) and non-indigenous (Asparagopsis taxiformis) macroalgae using the Remote Video Foraging System (RVFS). Fifty-four weedpops were deployed across three locations to present these macroalgae, while associated epifaunal assemblages were also collected. Video analysis revealed that four common fish species displayed preference towards native macroalgae, possibly due to by the presence of zoobenthos rather than herbivory. This observation suggests that these fish species identified the macroalgae as a habitat that harboured their preferred food items. In contrast, A. taxiformis was consistently avoided, suggesting limited integration into the local food web. Site-specific variations in fish-macroalgae interactions and epifaunal diversity highlighted the complexity of these dynamics. This study contributes to understanding of the ecological implications of invasive macroalgae and supports the use of RVFS as a tool for assessing local biotic resistance against non-indigenous species in coastal ecosystems globally.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
*Fishes/physiology
*Introduced Species
*Seaweed/physiology
Feeding Behavior
Food Chain
Ecosystem
Video Recording
Environmental Monitoring/methods
Rhodophyta
RevDate: 2024-11-18
Virome analysis unveils a rich array of newly identified viruses in the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii.
Virology, 601:110308 pii:S0042-6822(24)00332-5 [Epub ahead of print].
The red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is the second most widely cultured crustacean globally. As a highly invasive species with a worldwide distribution, P. clarkii presents a substantial risk for the transmission of viral pathogens to native aquatic organisms. Recently, the emergence of growth retardation disease (GRD) in P. clarkii has led to significant production declines and economic losses. A comprehensive viromic analysis could offer valuable insights into the potential viral pathogens harbored by P. clarkii. Here we systematically examined the RNA viromes of healthy and GRD-affected P. clarkii collected from Qianjiang, China. Our investigation identified a total of 1729 viral species across 21 known viral taxa, with 1603 species being previously unreported. The orders Picornavirales, Tolivirales, and Nodamuvirales were predominant in both species count and relative abundance. Moreover, seven viruses exhibited higher abundance in GRD-affected P. clarkii compared to healthy individuals. Our work uncovers an unexpectedly diverse RNA viral community within P. clarkii and identifies potential viral pathogens associated with GRD in this species.
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@article {pmid39556981,
year = {2024},
author = {Guo, G and Liu, Z and Zeng, J and Yan, H and Chen, G and Han, P and He, X and Zhou, D and Weng, S and He, J and Wang, M},
title = {Virome analysis unveils a rich array of newly identified viruses in the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii.},
journal = {Virology},
volume = {601},
number = {},
pages = {110308},
doi = {10.1016/j.virol.2024.110308},
pmid = {39556981},
issn = {1096-0341},
abstract = {The red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is the second most widely cultured crustacean globally. As a highly invasive species with a worldwide distribution, P. clarkii presents a substantial risk for the transmission of viral pathogens to native aquatic organisms. Recently, the emergence of growth retardation disease (GRD) in P. clarkii has led to significant production declines and economic losses. A comprehensive viromic analysis could offer valuable insights into the potential viral pathogens harbored by P. clarkii. Here we systematically examined the RNA viromes of healthy and GRD-affected P. clarkii collected from Qianjiang, China. Our investigation identified a total of 1729 viral species across 21 known viral taxa, with 1603 species being previously unreported. The orders Picornavirales, Tolivirales, and Nodamuvirales were predominant in both species count and relative abundance. Moreover, seven viruses exhibited higher abundance in GRD-affected P. clarkii compared to healthy individuals. Our work uncovers an unexpectedly diverse RNA viral community within P. clarkii and identifies potential viral pathogens associated with GRD in this species.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-18
CmpDate: 2024-11-18
A Proposed Coupling Framework of Biological Invasions: Quantifying the Management Prioritization in Mealybugs Invasion.
Global change biology, 30(11):e17583.
Prioritizing potential invasive alien species, introduction pathways, and likely places susceptible to biological invasions is collectively critical for developing the targeting of management strategies at pre-border, border, and post-border. A framework for prioritizing the invasion management that considered all these elements in combination is lacking, particularly in the context of potential coinvasion scenarios of multispecies. Here, for the first time, we have constructed a coupling framework of biological invasions to evaluate and prioritize multiple invasion risks of 35 invasive alien mealybugs (IAMs) that posed a significant threat to the agri-horticultural crops in China. We found that the imported tropical fruits from free trade areas of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations to entry ports of southern China were the primary introduction pathway for IAMs, vectored on various fruit commodities. There was also a high probability for cointroductions of potential multi-IAMs with a single imported tropical fruit. The potential distribution of such IAMs with dissimilar net relatedness were mainly located in southern China. These distributions, however, are likely to expand to the higher latitudes of northern China under future climate and land use/land cover changes. Temperature and anthropogenic factors were both independently and collectively determining factors for the diversity and distribution patterns of imported IAMs under near-current climate conditions. Our findings highlight that these multiple components of global change have and will continue to facilitate the introduction and establishment risks of IAMs in southern China, as well as the spread risk into northern China. Additionally, our findings, for the first time, demonstrated management prioritization across the continuous invasion stages of 35 IAMs in China, and provide additional insights into the development of targeting of their biosecurity and management decisions.
Additional Links: PMID-39555767
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@article {pmid39555767,
year = {2024},
author = {Zhao, H and Xian, X and Yang, N and Chen, T and Li, J and Sheppard, A and Wan, F and Qi, G and Liu, W},
title = {A Proposed Coupling Framework of Biological Invasions: Quantifying the Management Prioritization in Mealybugs Invasion.},
journal = {Global change biology},
volume = {30},
number = {11},
pages = {e17583},
doi = {10.1111/gcb.17583},
pmid = {39555767},
issn = {1365-2486},
support = {2021YFC2600400;2023YFC2605200//National Key Research and Development Program of China/ ; R2023PY-QN001//Special Fund for Scientific Innovation Strategy of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ ; caascx-2022-2025-IAS//Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ ; },
mesh = {*Introduced Species ; Animals ; China ; *Hemiptera/physiology ; Animal Distribution ; Crops, Agricultural/growth & development/parasitology ; Fruit/parasitology ; },
abstract = {Prioritizing potential invasive alien species, introduction pathways, and likely places susceptible to biological invasions is collectively critical for developing the targeting of management strategies at pre-border, border, and post-border. A framework for prioritizing the invasion management that considered all these elements in combination is lacking, particularly in the context of potential coinvasion scenarios of multispecies. Here, for the first time, we have constructed a coupling framework of biological invasions to evaluate and prioritize multiple invasion risks of 35 invasive alien mealybugs (IAMs) that posed a significant threat to the agri-horticultural crops in China. We found that the imported tropical fruits from free trade areas of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations to entry ports of southern China were the primary introduction pathway for IAMs, vectored on various fruit commodities. There was also a high probability for cointroductions of potential multi-IAMs with a single imported tropical fruit. The potential distribution of such IAMs with dissimilar net relatedness were mainly located in southern China. These distributions, however, are likely to expand to the higher latitudes of northern China under future climate and land use/land cover changes. Temperature and anthropogenic factors were both independently and collectively determining factors for the diversity and distribution patterns of imported IAMs under near-current climate conditions. Our findings highlight that these multiple components of global change have and will continue to facilitate the introduction and establishment risks of IAMs in southern China, as well as the spread risk into northern China. Additionally, our findings, for the first time, demonstrated management prioritization across the continuous invasion stages of 35 IAMs in China, and provide additional insights into the development of targeting of their biosecurity and management decisions.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
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*Introduced Species
Animals
China
*Hemiptera/physiology
Animal Distribution
Crops, Agricultural/growth & development/parasitology
Fruit/parasitology
RevDate: 2024-11-18
CmpDate: 2024-11-18
Changing Bird Migration Patterns Have Potential to Enhance Dispersal of Alien Plants From Urban Centres.
Global change biology, 30(11):e17572.
There is increasing recognition that alien species may be 'sleepers', becoming invasive with favourable changes in conditions, yet these changes remain difficult to predict. As populations of frugivorous birds shift with urbanisation and climate change, they could provide dispersal services for introduced fruiting plants that have previously been considered benign. This is likely to be especially problematic at higher latitudes where bird migration phenologies are altering rapidly. However, any consequences for fruit dispersal have not yet been explored. Here, we use Helsinki, Finland, to investigate whether (i) streetscapes provide birds with a fruit resource that differs from urban forest fragments and (ii) the chances for dispersal of alien species (i.e., preferential consumption of native fruits). While there were both more fruits and birds in streetscapes (replicated across multiple years), fruits were not consumed preferentially according to origin. Additionally, seed analysis from faecal samples of blackbird Turdus merula L., a previously migratory but increasingly resident species, suggested that alien and native plants are equally likely to be dispersed. These results indicate that birds could be dispersing alien species more frequently than previously thought and highlight the complex effects of changing climates on potentially invasive species.
Additional Links: PMID-39555623
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@article {pmid39555623,
year = {2024},
author = {Deshpande, P and Johansson, N and Kluen, E and Lehikoinen, A and Thorogood, R},
title = {Changing Bird Migration Patterns Have Potential to Enhance Dispersal of Alien Plants From Urban Centres.},
journal = {Global change biology},
volume = {30},
number = {11},
pages = {e17572},
doi = {10.1111/gcb.17572},
pmid = {39555623},
issn = {1365-2486},
support = {323527,333803//Biotieteiden ja Ympäristön Tutkimuksen Toimikunta/ ; //Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Helsingin Yliopisto/ ; 201904974//Koneen Säätiö/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; *Introduced Species ; *Animal Migration/physiology ; Finland ; *Fruit ; Birds/physiology ; Plant Dispersal ; Seed Dispersal ; Feces ; Climate Change ; Songbirds/physiology ; Urbanization ; Cities ; },
abstract = {There is increasing recognition that alien species may be 'sleepers', becoming invasive with favourable changes in conditions, yet these changes remain difficult to predict. As populations of frugivorous birds shift with urbanisation and climate change, they could provide dispersal services for introduced fruiting plants that have previously been considered benign. This is likely to be especially problematic at higher latitudes where bird migration phenologies are altering rapidly. However, any consequences for fruit dispersal have not yet been explored. Here, we use Helsinki, Finland, to investigate whether (i) streetscapes provide birds with a fruit resource that differs from urban forest fragments and (ii) the chances for dispersal of alien species (i.e., preferential consumption of native fruits). While there were both more fruits and birds in streetscapes (replicated across multiple years), fruits were not consumed preferentially according to origin. Additionally, seed analysis from faecal samples of blackbird Turdus merula L., a previously migratory but increasingly resident species, suggested that alien and native plants are equally likely to be dispersed. These results indicate that birds could be dispersing alien species more frequently than previously thought and highlight the complex effects of changing climates on potentially invasive species.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
*Introduced Species
*Animal Migration/physiology
Finland
*Fruit
Birds/physiology
Plant Dispersal
Seed Dispersal
Feces
Climate Change
Songbirds/physiology
Urbanization
Cities
RevDate: 2024-11-18
Global proliferation of nonnative plants is a major driver of insect invasions.
Bioscience, 74(11):770-781.
Invasions by nonnative insect species can massively disrupt ecological processes, often leading to serious economic impacts. Previous work has identified propagule pressure as important driver of the trend of increasing numbers of insect invasions worldwide. In the present article, we propose an alternative hypothesis-that insect invasions are being driven by the proliferation of nonnative plants, which create niches for insect specialists and facilitate their establishment outside their native ranges where their hosts are planted or are invasive. We synthesize mechanisms by which plant invasions facilitate insect invasions, macroecological patterns supporting the tight link between plant and insect invasions, and case studies of plant invasions having facilitated subsequent insect establishment. This body of evidence indicates that plant invasions are a major driver of insect invasions. Consequently, the benefits of limiting the spread of nonnative plants include averting the proliferation of nonnative insects and their spillover onto native plant species.
Additional Links: PMID-39555501
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@article {pmid39555501,
year = {2024},
author = {Bertelsmeier, C and Bonnamour, A and Brockerhoff, EG and Pyšek, P and Skuhrovec, J and Richardson, DM and Liebhold, AM},
title = {Global proliferation of nonnative plants is a major driver of insect invasions.},
journal = {Bioscience},
volume = {74},
number = {11},
pages = {770-781},
pmid = {39555501},
issn = {0006-3568},
abstract = {Invasions by nonnative insect species can massively disrupt ecological processes, often leading to serious economic impacts. Previous work has identified propagule pressure as important driver of the trend of increasing numbers of insect invasions worldwide. In the present article, we propose an alternative hypothesis-that insect invasions are being driven by the proliferation of nonnative plants, which create niches for insect specialists and facilitate their establishment outside their native ranges where their hosts are planted or are invasive. We synthesize mechanisms by which plant invasions facilitate insect invasions, macroecological patterns supporting the tight link between plant and insect invasions, and case studies of plant invasions having facilitated subsequent insect establishment. This body of evidence indicates that plant invasions are a major driver of insect invasions. Consequently, the benefits of limiting the spread of nonnative plants include averting the proliferation of nonnative insects and their spillover onto native plant species.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-18
Simulated fire and plant-soil feedback effects on mycorrhizal fungi and invasive plants.
iScience, 27(11):111193.
Climate change intensifies fires, raising questions about their impacts on plant invasions via changes in soil biota and plant-soil feedback (plants alter soil conditions, changing plant growth and vice-versa). We explored effects of plant-soil feedback and simulated fire (heat) on mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities and invasive plant growth. Soils were collected from a dominant native grass (Chionochloa macra) and two invasive hawkweeds (Hieracium lepidulum, Pilosella officinarum) in a New Zealand grassland and then heated. In our experiment, both hawkweeds exhibited greater biomass in Pilosella soils, which also had the highest AM fungal richness. Heat had little effect on plant biomass or AM fungal community composition and richness. Hawkweeds altered AM fungal communities relative to the dominant native grass, and moderate soil heating increased Hieracium growth. Hieracium plants also grew better in Pilosella soils, suggesting the potential for soil-mediated invasional meltdown whereby one invasive species facilitates invasion by another.
Additional Links: PMID-39555402
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@article {pmid39555402,
year = {2024},
author = {Morman, KE and Buckley, HL and Higgins, CM and Tosi, M and Dunfield, KE and Day, NJ},
title = {Simulated fire and plant-soil feedback effects on mycorrhizal fungi and invasive plants.},
journal = {iScience},
volume = {27},
number = {11},
pages = {111193},
pmid = {39555402},
issn = {2589-0042},
abstract = {Climate change intensifies fires, raising questions about their impacts on plant invasions via changes in soil biota and plant-soil feedback (plants alter soil conditions, changing plant growth and vice-versa). We explored effects of plant-soil feedback and simulated fire (heat) on mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities and invasive plant growth. Soils were collected from a dominant native grass (Chionochloa macra) and two invasive hawkweeds (Hieracium lepidulum, Pilosella officinarum) in a New Zealand grassland and then heated. In our experiment, both hawkweeds exhibited greater biomass in Pilosella soils, which also had the highest AM fungal richness. Heat had little effect on plant biomass or AM fungal community composition and richness. Hawkweeds altered AM fungal communities relative to the dominant native grass, and moderate soil heating increased Hieracium growth. Hieracium plants also grew better in Pilosella soils, suggesting the potential for soil-mediated invasional meltdown whereby one invasive species facilitates invasion by another.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-16
CmpDate: 2024-11-16
Multi-Omics Inform Invasion Risks Under Global Climate Change.
Global change biology, 30(11):e17588.
Global climate change is exacerbating biological invasions; however, the roles of genomic and epigenomic variations and their interactions in future climate adaptation remain underexplored. Using the model invasive ascidian Botryllus schlosseri across the Northern Hemisphere, we investigated genomic and epigenomic responses to future climates and developed a framework to assess future invasion risks. We employed generalized dissimilarity modeling and gradient forest analyses to assess genomic and epigenomic offsets under climate change. Our results showed that populations with genomic maladaptation did not geographically overlap with those experiencing epigenomic maladaptation, suggesting that genomic and epigenomic variations play complementary roles in adaptation to future climate conditions. By integrating genomic and epigenomic offsets into the genome-epigenomic index, we predicted that populations with lower index values were less maladapted, indicating a higher risk of future invasions. Native populations exhibited lower offsets than invasive populations, suggesting greater adaptive potentials and higher invasion risks under future climate change scenarios. These results highlight the importance of incorporating multi-omics data into predictive models to study future climate (mal)adaptation and assess invasion risks under global climate change.
Additional Links: PMID-39548719
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@article {pmid39548719,
year = {2024},
author = {Chen, Y and Gao, Y and Zhang, Z and Zhan, A},
title = {Multi-Omics Inform Invasion Risks Under Global Climate Change.},
journal = {Global change biology},
volume = {30},
number = {11},
pages = {e17588},
doi = {10.1111/gcb.17588},
pmid = {39548719},
issn = {1365-2486},
support = {2022GDASZH-2022010106//GDAS Special Project of Science and Technology Development/ ; 2024A1515010914//Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation/ ; 42106098//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 32061143012//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 42276126//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 32371753//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; },
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Introduced Species ; *Genomics ; Urochordata/genetics ; Epigenomics ; Adaptation, Physiological/genetics ; Animals ; Multiomics ; },
abstract = {Global climate change is exacerbating biological invasions; however, the roles of genomic and epigenomic variations and their interactions in future climate adaptation remain underexplored. Using the model invasive ascidian Botryllus schlosseri across the Northern Hemisphere, we investigated genomic and epigenomic responses to future climates and developed a framework to assess future invasion risks. We employed generalized dissimilarity modeling and gradient forest analyses to assess genomic and epigenomic offsets under climate change. Our results showed that populations with genomic maladaptation did not geographically overlap with those experiencing epigenomic maladaptation, suggesting that genomic and epigenomic variations play complementary roles in adaptation to future climate conditions. By integrating genomic and epigenomic offsets into the genome-epigenomic index, we predicted that populations with lower index values were less maladapted, indicating a higher risk of future invasions. Native populations exhibited lower offsets than invasive populations, suggesting greater adaptive potentials and higher invasion risks under future climate change scenarios. These results highlight the importance of incorporating multi-omics data into predictive models to study future climate (mal)adaptation and assess invasion risks under global climate change.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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*Climate Change
*Introduced Species
*Genomics
Urochordata/genetics
Epigenomics
Adaptation, Physiological/genetics
Animals
Multiomics
RevDate: 2024-11-18
CmpDate: 2024-11-16
Building an eDNA surveillance toolkit for invasive rodents on islands: can we detect wild-type and gene drive Mus musculus?.
BMC biology, 22(1):261.
BACKGROUND: Invasive management strategies range from preventing new invasive species incursions to eliminating established populations, with all requiring effective monitoring to guide action. The use of DNA sampled from the environment (eDNA) is one such tool that provides the ability to surveille and monitor target invasive species through passive sampling. Technology being developed to eliminate invasive species includes genetic biocontrol in the form of gene drive. This approach would drive a trait through a population and could be used to eliminate or modify a target population. Once a gene drive organism is released into a population then monitoring changes in density of the target species and the spread of the drive in the population would be critical.
RESULTS: In this paper, we use invasive Mus musculus as a model for development of an eDNA assay that detects wild-type M. musculus and gene drive M. musculus. We demonstrate successful development of an assay where environmental samples could be used to detect wild-type invasive M. musculus and the relative density of wild-type to gene drive M. musculus.
CONCLUSIONS: The development of a method that detects both wild-type M. musculus and a gene drive M. musculus (tCRISPR) from environmental samples expands the utility of environmental DNA. This method provides a tool that can immediately be deployed for invasive wild M. musculus management across the world. This is a proof-of-concept that a genetic biocontrol construct could be monitored using environmental samples.
Additional Links: PMID-39548497
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@article {pmid39548497,
year = {2024},
author = {Piaggio, AJ and Gierus, L and Taylor, DR and Holmes, ND and Will, DJ and Gemmell, NJ and Thomas, PQ},
title = {Building an eDNA surveillance toolkit for invasive rodents on islands: can we detect wild-type and gene drive Mus musculus?.},
journal = {BMC biology},
volume = {22},
number = {1},
pages = {261},
pmid = {39548497},
issn = {1741-7007},
mesh = {Animals ; *Introduced Species ; Mice ; *Gene Drive Technology/methods ; *DNA, Environmental/analysis/genetics ; Islands ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Invasive management strategies range from preventing new invasive species incursions to eliminating established populations, with all requiring effective monitoring to guide action. The use of DNA sampled from the environment (eDNA) is one such tool that provides the ability to surveille and monitor target invasive species through passive sampling. Technology being developed to eliminate invasive species includes genetic biocontrol in the form of gene drive. This approach would drive a trait through a population and could be used to eliminate or modify a target population. Once a gene drive organism is released into a population then monitoring changes in density of the target species and the spread of the drive in the population would be critical.
RESULTS: In this paper, we use invasive Mus musculus as a model for development of an eDNA assay that detects wild-type M. musculus and gene drive M. musculus. We demonstrate successful development of an assay where environmental samples could be used to detect wild-type invasive M. musculus and the relative density of wild-type to gene drive M. musculus.
CONCLUSIONS: The development of a method that detects both wild-type M. musculus and a gene drive M. musculus (tCRISPR) from environmental samples expands the utility of environmental DNA. This method provides a tool that can immediately be deployed for invasive wild M. musculus management across the world. This is a proof-of-concept that a genetic biocontrol construct could be monitored using environmental samples.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
*Introduced Species
Mice
*Gene Drive Technology/methods
*DNA, Environmental/analysis/genetics
Islands
RevDate: 2024-11-15
Increased mercury concentrations in walleye and yellow perch in lakes invaded by zebra mussels.
The Science of the total environment pii:S0048-9697(24)07672-1 [Epub ahead of print].
Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) are invasive species that alter ecosystems and food webs with the potential to affect aquatic mercury cycling and bioaccumulation in fishes, although the effect of zebra mussels on fish tissue mercury has not been tested in inland lakes. We assessed differences in fish tissue mercury concentrations and food webs in Minnesota lakes with and without zebra mussels while controlling for other lake and watershed characteristics. Mercury concentrations in adult walleye (Sander vitreus) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) were 72 % and 157 % higher, respectively, in lakes containing zebra mussels compared to uninvaded lakes. Mercury in young of year (age-0) fish was also elevated, with mercury concentrations 97 % and 82 % higher in age-0 walleye and yellow perch, respectively, in zebra mussel lakes. Walleye mercury concentrations exceeded 0.22 ppm - a threshold triggering more restrictive human consumption advisories for sensitive populations - at a 23 % smaller size, and average-sized walleye (420 mm) exceeded this threshold at a rate of 77 % in invaded lakes, compared to 35 % in uninvaded lakes. Walleye and yellow perch relied more on littoral resources in lakes with zebra mussels but did not feed at meaningfully higher trophic levels. Increased fish tissue mercury in lakes invaded by zebra mussels have consequential implications for fisheries and human health.
Additional Links: PMID-39547375
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PubMed:
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@article {pmid39547375,
year = {2024},
author = {Blinick, NS and Link, D and Ahrenstorff, TD and Bethke, BJ and Fleishman, AB and Janssen, SE and Krabbenhoft, DP and Nelson, JKR and Rantala, HM and Rude, CL and Hansen, GJA},
title = {Increased mercury concentrations in walleye and yellow perch in lakes invaded by zebra mussels.},
journal = {The Science of the total environment},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {177515},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177515},
pmid = {39547375},
issn = {1879-1026},
abstract = {Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) are invasive species that alter ecosystems and food webs with the potential to affect aquatic mercury cycling and bioaccumulation in fishes, although the effect of zebra mussels on fish tissue mercury has not been tested in inland lakes. We assessed differences in fish tissue mercury concentrations and food webs in Minnesota lakes with and without zebra mussels while controlling for other lake and watershed characteristics. Mercury concentrations in adult walleye (Sander vitreus) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) were 72 % and 157 % higher, respectively, in lakes containing zebra mussels compared to uninvaded lakes. Mercury in young of year (age-0) fish was also elevated, with mercury concentrations 97 % and 82 % higher in age-0 walleye and yellow perch, respectively, in zebra mussel lakes. Walleye mercury concentrations exceeded 0.22 ppm - a threshold triggering more restrictive human consumption advisories for sensitive populations - at a 23 % smaller size, and average-sized walleye (420 mm) exceeded this threshold at a rate of 77 % in invaded lakes, compared to 35 % in uninvaded lakes. Walleye and yellow perch relied more on littoral resources in lakes with zebra mussels but did not feed at meaningfully higher trophic levels. Increased fish tissue mercury in lakes invaded by zebra mussels have consequential implications for fisheries and human health.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-15
Characterizing and modeling spatiotemporal trends in rangelands: Prosopis juliflora impact in middle Awash Basin, Ethiopia.
Journal of environmental management, 371:123336 pii:S0301-4797(24)03322-X [Epub ahead of print].
The Middle Awash Basin (MAB) faces severe ecological degradation due to the rapid spread of the invasive Prosopis juliflora (P. juliflora), which threatens native vegetation. The study characterizes and predicts the spatiotemporal dynamics of rangelands affected by P. juliflora in the MAB. Using three Landsat images from ETM+ (2003) and OLI (2013 and 2023), we applied a supervised random forest (RF) classification technique processed on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. This classification was integrated into an intensity analysis to examine temporal transitions between land use and land cover (LULC) classes. The predictive modeling included 12 variables, including climatic, topographic, edaphic, phenological, hydrological, and anthropogenic factors, using Terrset 2020. Using multitemporal satellite remote sensing, machine learning (ML), and cellular automata markov chain (CA-MC) methods, LULC was mapped from 2003 to 2023, and future scenarios were predicted up to 2060. The P. juliflora coverage quadrupled from 2.16% in 2003 to 8.61% in 2023, while rangelands were decreased by more than 25%. Models predict that P. juliflora could occupy 22% of the land by 2060 and over 40% of rangeland areas as of 2003, expanding two to three times faster than the intensities of the LULC baseline changes, primarily targeting rangelands. Our analysis is based on a single business-as-usual scenario; however, it highlights the worrying invasion patterns. The study's limitations include the absence of multiple scenarios and climate model integration, which could offer further insights into future invasion dynamics. Nonetheless, our findings indicate that the MAB faces imminent widespread ecosystem transformation without prompt action, which will severely affect pastoral livelihoods and biodiversity conservation. Therefore, we advocate for a management strategy involving prevention, eradication, and restoration measures, underpinned by policy reforms and stakeholder cooperation.
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@article {pmid39547028,
year = {2024},
author = {Yasin, KH},
title = {Characterizing and modeling spatiotemporal trends in rangelands: Prosopis juliflora impact in middle Awash Basin, Ethiopia.},
journal = {Journal of environmental management},
volume = {371},
number = {},
pages = {123336},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123336},
pmid = {39547028},
issn = {1095-8630},
abstract = {The Middle Awash Basin (MAB) faces severe ecological degradation due to the rapid spread of the invasive Prosopis juliflora (P. juliflora), which threatens native vegetation. The study characterizes and predicts the spatiotemporal dynamics of rangelands affected by P. juliflora in the MAB. Using three Landsat images from ETM+ (2003) and OLI (2013 and 2023), we applied a supervised random forest (RF) classification technique processed on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. This classification was integrated into an intensity analysis to examine temporal transitions between land use and land cover (LULC) classes. The predictive modeling included 12 variables, including climatic, topographic, edaphic, phenological, hydrological, and anthropogenic factors, using Terrset 2020. Using multitemporal satellite remote sensing, machine learning (ML), and cellular automata markov chain (CA-MC) methods, LULC was mapped from 2003 to 2023, and future scenarios were predicted up to 2060. The P. juliflora coverage quadrupled from 2.16% in 2003 to 8.61% in 2023, while rangelands were decreased by more than 25%. Models predict that P. juliflora could occupy 22% of the land by 2060 and over 40% of rangeland areas as of 2003, expanding two to three times faster than the intensities of the LULC baseline changes, primarily targeting rangelands. Our analysis is based on a single business-as-usual scenario; however, it highlights the worrying invasion patterns. The study's limitations include the absence of multiple scenarios and climate model integration, which could offer further insights into future invasion dynamics. Nonetheless, our findings indicate that the MAB faces imminent widespread ecosystem transformation without prompt action, which will severely affect pastoral livelihoods and biodiversity conservation. Therefore, we advocate for a management strategy involving prevention, eradication, and restoration measures, underpinned by policy reforms and stakeholder cooperation.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-15
CmpDate: 2024-11-15
Global Distribution of Alien Mammals Under Climate Change.
Global change biology, 30(11):e17560.
The recent thematic Assessment Report on Invasive Alien Species and their Control of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services reaffirmed biological invasions as a major threat to biodiversity. Anticipating biological invasions is crucial for avoiding their ecological and socio-economic impacts, particularly as climate change may provide new opportunities for the establishment and spread of alien species. However, no studies have combined assessments of suitability and dispersal to evaluate the invasion by key taxonomic groups, such as mammals. Using species distribution models, we estimated the potential effect of climate change on the future distributions of 205 alien mammal species by the year 2050 under three different climatic scenarios. We used species dispersal ability to differentiate between suitable areas that may be susceptible to natural dispersal from alien ranges (Spread Potential, SP) and those that may be vulnerable to alien establishment through human-assisted dispersal (Establishment Potential, EP) across 11 zoogeographic realms. Establishment Potential was generally boosted by climate change, showing a clear poleward shift across scenarios, whereas SP was negatively affected by climate change and limited by alien species insularity. These trends were consistent across all realms. Insular ecosystems, while being vulnerable to invasion, may act as geographical traps for alien mammals that lose climatic suitability. In addition, our analysis identified the alien species that are expected to spread or decline the most in each realm, primarily generalists with high invasive potential, as likely foci of future management efforts. In some areas, the possible reduction in suitability for alien mammals could offer opportunities for ecosystem restoration, particularly on islands. In others, increased suitability calls for adequate actions to prevent their arrival and spread. Our findings are potentially valuable in informing synergistic actions addressing both climate change and biological invasion together to safeguard native biodiversity worldwide.
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@article {pmid39545282,
year = {2024},
author = {Biancolini, D and Pacifici, M and Falaschi, M and Bellard, C and Blackburn, TM and Ficetola, GF and Rondinini, C},
title = {Global Distribution of Alien Mammals Under Climate Change.},
journal = {Global change biology},
volume = {30},
number = {11},
pages = {e17560},
doi = {10.1111/gcb.17560},
pmid = {39545282},
issn = {1365-2486},
support = {//Sapienza Università di Roma/ ; },
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Introduced Species ; *Mammals/physiology ; Animals ; *Animal Distribution ; Biodiversity ; Ecosystem ; Models, Theoretical ; },
abstract = {The recent thematic Assessment Report on Invasive Alien Species and their Control of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services reaffirmed biological invasions as a major threat to biodiversity. Anticipating biological invasions is crucial for avoiding their ecological and socio-economic impacts, particularly as climate change may provide new opportunities for the establishment and spread of alien species. However, no studies have combined assessments of suitability and dispersal to evaluate the invasion by key taxonomic groups, such as mammals. Using species distribution models, we estimated the potential effect of climate change on the future distributions of 205 alien mammal species by the year 2050 under three different climatic scenarios. We used species dispersal ability to differentiate between suitable areas that may be susceptible to natural dispersal from alien ranges (Spread Potential, SP) and those that may be vulnerable to alien establishment through human-assisted dispersal (Establishment Potential, EP) across 11 zoogeographic realms. Establishment Potential was generally boosted by climate change, showing a clear poleward shift across scenarios, whereas SP was negatively affected by climate change and limited by alien species insularity. These trends were consistent across all realms. Insular ecosystems, while being vulnerable to invasion, may act as geographical traps for alien mammals that lose climatic suitability. In addition, our analysis identified the alien species that are expected to spread or decline the most in each realm, primarily generalists with high invasive potential, as likely foci of future management efforts. In some areas, the possible reduction in suitability for alien mammals could offer opportunities for ecosystem restoration, particularly on islands. In others, increased suitability calls for adequate actions to prevent their arrival and spread. Our findings are potentially valuable in informing synergistic actions addressing both climate change and biological invasion together to safeguard native biodiversity worldwide.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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hide MeSH Terms
*Climate Change
*Introduced Species
*Mammals/physiology
Animals
*Animal Distribution
Biodiversity
Ecosystem
Models, Theoretical
RevDate: 2024-11-15
Can Transcriptomics Elucidate the Role of Regulation in Invasion Success?.
Molecular ecology [Epub ahead of print].
When a species invades a novel environment, it must bridge the environment-phenotype mismatch in its new range to persist. Contemporary invasion biology research has focused on the role that trait variation and adaptation, and their underlying genomic factors, play in a species' adaptive potential, and thus facilitating invasion. Empirical studies have provided valuable insights into phenotypes that persist and arise in novel environments, coupled with 'omics tools that further the understanding of the contributions of genomic architecture in species establishment. Particularly, the use of transcriptomics to explore the role of plasticity in the initial stages of an invasion is growing. Here, we assess the role of various mechanisms relating to regulation and functional adaptation (often measured via the transcriptome) that support trait-specific plasticity in invasive species, allowing phenotypic variability without directly altering genomic diversity. First, we present a comprehensive review of the studies utilising transcriptomics in invasion biology. Second, we collate the evidence for and against the role of a range of regulatory processes in contributing to invasive species plasticity. Finally, we pose open questions in invasion biology where the use of transcriptome data may be valuable, as well as discuss the methodological limitations.
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@article {pmid39545269,
year = {2024},
author = {Vaughan, AL and Dhami, MK},
title = {Can Transcriptomics Elucidate the Role of Regulation in Invasion Success?.},
journal = {Molecular ecology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e17583},
doi = {10.1111/mec.17583},
pmid = {39545269},
issn = {1365-294X},
support = {GA 2102//Genomics Aotearoa/ ; },
abstract = {When a species invades a novel environment, it must bridge the environment-phenotype mismatch in its new range to persist. Contemporary invasion biology research has focused on the role that trait variation and adaptation, and their underlying genomic factors, play in a species' adaptive potential, and thus facilitating invasion. Empirical studies have provided valuable insights into phenotypes that persist and arise in novel environments, coupled with 'omics tools that further the understanding of the contributions of genomic architecture in species establishment. Particularly, the use of transcriptomics to explore the role of plasticity in the initial stages of an invasion is growing. Here, we assess the role of various mechanisms relating to regulation and functional adaptation (often measured via the transcriptome) that support trait-specific plasticity in invasive species, allowing phenotypic variability without directly altering genomic diversity. First, we present a comprehensive review of the studies utilising transcriptomics in invasion biology. Second, we collate the evidence for and against the role of a range of regulatory processes in contributing to invasive species plasticity. Finally, we pose open questions in invasion biology where the use of transcriptome data may be valuable, as well as discuss the methodological limitations.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-16
CmpDate: 2024-11-15
The chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of an invasive forest pest Obolodiplosis robiniae.
Scientific data, 11(1):1227.
Biological invasion is a major global problem, leading to the loss of biodiversity and species extinction, and causing huge economic losses to countries. Obolodiplosis robiniae is a major invasive forest pest that has caused economic losses in Asia and Europe. Here, the chromosome- level genome of O. robiniae was assembled using the PacBio platform and Hi-C technology. A contig-level genome with a length of 199.49 Mb and a contig N50 of 4.66 Mb was assembled. Approximately 98.05% of contigs were successfully anchored to four chromosomes using Hi-C assisted genome assembly. The genome integrity was assessed to be 90.3% based on BUSCOs analysis. The high-quality genome provides valuable data for the study of invasive species, and a foundation for the understanding the biology and ecology of O. robiniae.
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@article {pmid39543130,
year = {2024},
author = {Huang, L and Wang, L and Sun, HQ and Huai, WX and Lin, RZ and Wei, SJ and Yao, YX},
title = {The chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of an invasive forest pest Obolodiplosis robiniae.},
journal = {Scientific data},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {1227},
pmid = {39543130},
issn = {2052-4463},
mesh = {*Introduced Species ; Animals ; *Forests ; Genome, Insect ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Chromosomes ; },
abstract = {Biological invasion is a major global problem, leading to the loss of biodiversity and species extinction, and causing huge economic losses to countries. Obolodiplosis robiniae is a major invasive forest pest that has caused economic losses in Asia and Europe. Here, the chromosome- level genome of O. robiniae was assembled using the PacBio platform and Hi-C technology. A contig-level genome with a length of 199.49 Mb and a contig N50 of 4.66 Mb was assembled. Approximately 98.05% of contigs were successfully anchored to four chromosomes using Hi-C assisted genome assembly. The genome integrity was assessed to be 90.3% based on BUSCOs analysis. The high-quality genome provides valuable data for the study of invasive species, and a foundation for the understanding the biology and ecology of O. robiniae.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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*Introduced Species
Animals
*Forests
Genome, Insect
Molecular Sequence Annotation
Chromosomes
RevDate: 2024-11-15
CmpDate: 2024-11-15
Microbiome flexibility enhances the resilience of the potentially invasive coral Tubastraea aurea to abrupt environmental changes: Insights from a shallow water hydrothermal vent transplantation study.
The Science of the total environment, 954:176792.
To comprehend the effects of potentially invasive coral Tubastraea aurea on marine ecosystems, it is crucial to understand their adaptive strategies to survive environmental changes and perturbations. Therefore, a cross-transplantation study was conducted to assess the microbiome's role in the resilience of T. aurea to sudden environmental changes.Hydrographic analyses revealed distinct ecological conditions at two sites: a hydrothermal vent (HV) site, characterized by harsh environmental conditions serving as a natural laboratory for future oceanic changes, and a regular coastal site Fulong (FU). Both sites showed significant differences in pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen. Using Oxford Nanopore Technologies, we examined bacterial dynamics in coral tissue, mucus and ambient sediment samples following cross-transplantation experiments. We observed a rapid shift in dominant bacterial groups post-transplantation with transplanted corals acquiring microbiomes similar to native corals from their respective sites within 16 days. The bacteria Endozoicomonas euniceicola and Ruegeria profundi were dominant in both native and transplanted corals, suggesting their critical role in coral resilience. Furthermore, the enrichment of certain bacterial taxa post-transplantation suggests that opportunistic species also contribute to host acclimatization. Functional profiling data indicated that there was site-specific adaptation because corals had acquired beneficial bacterial assemblages to assist them cope with environmental stressors. More specifically, there was a switch towards sulfur and nitrogen metabolism in corals that moved to high sulfidic environments, while corals transplanted into normal coastal environments showed enriched photoautotrophic processes due to their symbionts. Our study underscored the highly flexible microbiome of T. aurea and its pivotal role in facilitating host resilience to environmental perturbations, particularly in the context of its potential invasiveness. Hence, these findings contribute to the understanding of coral-microbiome dynamics and emphasize the necessity of considering microbially-mediated resilience in managing potentially invasive coral species in marine ecosystems around the world, especially as ocean conditions continue to change.
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@article {pmid39389143,
year = {2024},
author = {Girija, GK and Tseng, LC and Muthu, P and Chen, YL and Ho, YN and Hwang, JS},
title = {Microbiome flexibility enhances the resilience of the potentially invasive coral Tubastraea aurea to abrupt environmental changes: Insights from a shallow water hydrothermal vent transplantation study.},
journal = {The Science of the total environment},
volume = {954},
number = {},
pages = {176792},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176792},
pmid = {39389143},
issn = {1879-1026},
mesh = {*Anthozoa/physiology/microbiology ; Animals ; *Microbiota ; *Hydrothermal Vents/microbiology ; *Introduced Species ; Coral Reefs ; },
abstract = {To comprehend the effects of potentially invasive coral Tubastraea aurea on marine ecosystems, it is crucial to understand their adaptive strategies to survive environmental changes and perturbations. Therefore, a cross-transplantation study was conducted to assess the microbiome's role in the resilience of T. aurea to sudden environmental changes.Hydrographic analyses revealed distinct ecological conditions at two sites: a hydrothermal vent (HV) site, characterized by harsh environmental conditions serving as a natural laboratory for future oceanic changes, and a regular coastal site Fulong (FU). Both sites showed significant differences in pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen. Using Oxford Nanopore Technologies, we examined bacterial dynamics in coral tissue, mucus and ambient sediment samples following cross-transplantation experiments. We observed a rapid shift in dominant bacterial groups post-transplantation with transplanted corals acquiring microbiomes similar to native corals from their respective sites within 16 days. The bacteria Endozoicomonas euniceicola and Ruegeria profundi were dominant in both native and transplanted corals, suggesting their critical role in coral resilience. Furthermore, the enrichment of certain bacterial taxa post-transplantation suggests that opportunistic species also contribute to host acclimatization. Functional profiling data indicated that there was site-specific adaptation because corals had acquired beneficial bacterial assemblages to assist them cope with environmental stressors. More specifically, there was a switch towards sulfur and nitrogen metabolism in corals that moved to high sulfidic environments, while corals transplanted into normal coastal environments showed enriched photoautotrophic processes due to their symbionts. Our study underscored the highly flexible microbiome of T. aurea and its pivotal role in facilitating host resilience to environmental perturbations, particularly in the context of its potential invasiveness. Hence, these findings contribute to the understanding of coral-microbiome dynamics and emphasize the necessity of considering microbially-mediated resilience in managing potentially invasive coral species in marine ecosystems around the world, especially as ocean conditions continue to change.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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hide MeSH Terms
*Anthozoa/physiology/microbiology
Animals
*Microbiota
*Hydrothermal Vents/microbiology
*Introduced Species
Coral Reefs
RevDate: 2024-11-15
CmpDate: 2024-11-15
Bacterial and fungal keystone taxa play different roles in maintaining community resistance and driving soil organic carbon dynamics in response to Solidago Canadensis invasion.
The Science of the total environment, 954:176664.
The invasion of alien plants has significant implications for vegetation structure and diversity, which could lead to changes in the carbon (C) input from vegetation and change the transformation and decomposition processes of C, thereby altering the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) within ecosystems. Whether alien plant invasion increases the SOC stock and changes SOC fractions consistently within regional scales, and the underlying mechanisms driving these SOC dynamics remain poorly understood. This study investigated SOC dynamics by comparing the plots that suffered invasion and non-invasion of Solidago Canadensis across five ecological function areas in Anhui Province, China, considering climate, edaphic factors, vegetation, and soil microbes. The results demonstrated that the impact of S. Canadensis invasion on SOC storage was not consistent at each site in the 0-20 cm soil layer, as indicated by the range of SOC content (5.94-12.45 g kg[-1]) observed at non-invaded plots. Stable SOC exhibited similar response patterns with SOC to plant invasion, whereas labile SOC did not. In addition, bacterial and fungal communities were shifted in structure at each site by plant invasion. Bacterial communities exhibited greater resistance to S. Canadensis invasion than did fungal communities, as evidenced by three aspects of the resistance indices-community resistance, phylogenetic conservation, and network complexity. The mechanisms driving SOC dynamics under S. Canadensis invasion were explored using structural equation models. This revealed that fungal keystone taxa responsible for community resistance controlled stable SOC fractions. In contrast, bacterial keystone taxa had the opposite effect on labile and stable SOC. Climatic and edaphic factors were also involved in the labile and stable SOC dynamics. Overall, this study provides novel insights into the dynamics of SOC under S. Canadensis invasion on a regional scale.
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@article {pmid39362557,
year = {2024},
author = {Zhang, J and Lin, X and Zhang, X and Huang, H and Qi, Y and Zhang, Z and Chen, B and Morriën, E and Zhu, Y},
title = {Bacterial and fungal keystone taxa play different roles in maintaining community resistance and driving soil organic carbon dynamics in response to Solidago Canadensis invasion.},
journal = {The Science of the total environment},
volume = {954},
number = {},
pages = {176664},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176664},
pmid = {39362557},
issn = {1879-1026},
mesh = {*Introduced Species ; *Soil Microbiology ; *Solidago ; China ; *Carbon/metabolism ; *Soil/chemistry ; *Fungi/physiology ; Bacteria/classification ; Ecosystem ; },
abstract = {The invasion of alien plants has significant implications for vegetation structure and diversity, which could lead to changes in the carbon (C) input from vegetation and change the transformation and decomposition processes of C, thereby altering the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) within ecosystems. Whether alien plant invasion increases the SOC stock and changes SOC fractions consistently within regional scales, and the underlying mechanisms driving these SOC dynamics remain poorly understood. This study investigated SOC dynamics by comparing the plots that suffered invasion and non-invasion of Solidago Canadensis across five ecological function areas in Anhui Province, China, considering climate, edaphic factors, vegetation, and soil microbes. The results demonstrated that the impact of S. Canadensis invasion on SOC storage was not consistent at each site in the 0-20 cm soil layer, as indicated by the range of SOC content (5.94-12.45 g kg[-1]) observed at non-invaded plots. Stable SOC exhibited similar response patterns with SOC to plant invasion, whereas labile SOC did not. In addition, bacterial and fungal communities were shifted in structure at each site by plant invasion. Bacterial communities exhibited greater resistance to S. Canadensis invasion than did fungal communities, as evidenced by three aspects of the resistance indices-community resistance, phylogenetic conservation, and network complexity. The mechanisms driving SOC dynamics under S. Canadensis invasion were explored using structural equation models. This revealed that fungal keystone taxa responsible for community resistance controlled stable SOC fractions. In contrast, bacterial keystone taxa had the opposite effect on labile and stable SOC. Climatic and edaphic factors were also involved in the labile and stable SOC dynamics. Overall, this study provides novel insights into the dynamics of SOC under S. Canadensis invasion on a regional scale.},
}
MeSH Terms:
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hide MeSH Terms
*Introduced Species
*Soil Microbiology
*Solidago
China
*Carbon/metabolism
*Soil/chemistry
*Fungi/physiology
Bacteria/classification
Ecosystem
RevDate: 2024-11-16
CmpDate: 2024-11-15
Invasion stage and competition intensity co-drive reproductive strategies of native and invasive saltmarsh plants: Evidence from field data.
The Science of the total environment, 954:176383.
Biological invasion poses a significant threat to biodiversity conservation and also results in substantial economic loss including the excessive cost of management to control it. Still, its impact on plant sexual reproduction strategies remains underexplored in natural settings. We conducted a field experiment on native Phragmites australis and invasive Spartina alterniflora in Bohai Bay and assessed plant size (aboveground biomass and height) and sexual reproduction (ear biomass, reproductive allocation, etc.) in conjunction with water and soil properties. The results showed that during the early stage of invasion, the two species declined in size and sexual reproduction, with S. alterniflora showing a lesser decline than P. australis. However, in the late stage of invasion, S. alterniflora maintained its plant size by reducing its investment in sexual reproduction. Moreover, significant reproductive allometries were demonstrated by S. alterniflora under different competition intensities. P. australis displayed heightened sensitivity to water properties and soil non-resource conditions, while S. alterniflora adapted its inherent traits and environmental tolerance. S. alterniflora allocated more resources to thriving as an individual, while P. australis prioritized reproduction by increasing seed production. Overall, this study revealed the reproductive strategies that invasive and native species employ in response to competition and environmental factors, thereby offering crucial insights for conservation and management efforts.
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@article {pmid39312978,
year = {2024},
author = {Zhang, J and Ning, Y and Li, J and Shi, Z and Zhang, Q and Li, L and Kang, B and Du, Z and Luo, J and He, M and Li, H},
title = {Invasion stage and competition intensity co-drive reproductive strategies of native and invasive saltmarsh plants: Evidence from field data.},
journal = {The Science of the total environment},
volume = {954},
number = {},
pages = {176383},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176383},
pmid = {39312978},
issn = {1879-1026},
mesh = {*Introduced Species ; *Reproduction ; *Poaceae/physiology ; China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Biodiversity ; Soil ; Biomass ; },
abstract = {Biological invasion poses a significant threat to biodiversity conservation and also results in substantial economic loss including the excessive cost of management to control it. Still, its impact on plant sexual reproduction strategies remains underexplored in natural settings. We conducted a field experiment on native Phragmites australis and invasive Spartina alterniflora in Bohai Bay and assessed plant size (aboveground biomass and height) and sexual reproduction (ear biomass, reproductive allocation, etc.) in conjunction with water and soil properties. The results showed that during the early stage of invasion, the two species declined in size and sexual reproduction, with S. alterniflora showing a lesser decline than P. australis. However, in the late stage of invasion, S. alterniflora maintained its plant size by reducing its investment in sexual reproduction. Moreover, significant reproductive allometries were demonstrated by S. alterniflora under different competition intensities. P. australis displayed heightened sensitivity to water properties and soil non-resource conditions, while S. alterniflora adapted its inherent traits and environmental tolerance. S. alterniflora allocated more resources to thriving as an individual, while P. australis prioritized reproduction by increasing seed production. Overall, this study revealed the reproductive strategies that invasive and native species employ in response to competition and environmental factors, thereby offering crucial insights for conservation and management efforts.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
*Introduced Species
*Reproduction
*Poaceae/physiology
China
Conservation of Natural Resources
Biodiversity
Soil
Biomass
RevDate: 2024-11-14
Zooming in the plastisphere: the ecological interface for phytoplankton-plastic interactions in aquatic ecosystems.
Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society [Epub ahead of print].
Phytoplankton is an essential resource in aquatic ecosystems, situated at the base of aquatic food webs. Plastic pollution can impact these organisms, potentially affecting the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. The interaction between plastics and phytoplankton is multifaceted: while microplastics can exert toxic effects on phytoplankton, plastics can also act as a substrate for colonisation. By reviewing the existing literature, this study aims to address pivotal questions concerning the intricate interplay among plastics and phytoplankton/phytobenthos and analyse impacts on fundamental ecosystem processes (e.g. primary production, nutrient cycling). This investigation spans both marine and freshwater ecosystems, examining diverse organisational levels from subcellular processes to entire ecosystems. The diverse chemical composition of plastics, along with their variable properties and role in forming the "plastisphere", underscores the complexity of their influences on aquatic environments. Morphological changes, alterations in metabolic processes, defence and stress responses, including homoaggregation and extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis, represent adaptive strategies employed by phytoplankton to cope with plastic-induced stress. Plastics also serve as potential habitats for harmful algae and invasive species, thereby influencing biodiversity and environmental conditions. Processes affected by phytoplankton-plastic interaction can have cascading effects throughout the aquatic food web via altered bottom-up and top-down processes. This review emphasises that our understanding of how these multiple interactions compare in impact on natural processes is far from complete, and uncertainty persists regarding whether they drive significant alterations in ecological variables. A lack of comprehensive investigation poses a risk of overlooking fundamental aspects in addressing the environmental challenges associated with widespread plastic pollution.
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PubMed:
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@article {pmid39542439,
year = {2024},
author = {Nava, V and Dar, JY and De Santis, V and Fehlinger, L and Pasqualini, J and Adekolurejo, OA and Burri, B and Cabrerizo, MJ and Chonova, T and Cour, M and Dory, F and Drost, AM and Figler, A and Gionchetta, G and Halabowski, D and Harvey, DR and Manzanares-Vázquez, V and Misteli, B and Mori-Bazzano, L and Moser, V and Rotta, F and Schmid-Paech, B and Touchet, CM and Gostyńska, J},
title = {Zooming in the plastisphere: the ecological interface for phytoplankton-plastic interactions in aquatic ecosystems.},
journal = {Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/brv.13164},
pmid = {39542439},
issn = {1469-185X},
support = {//European Federation of Freshwater Sciences (EFFS) board/ ; //EFFS-Federated Societies/ ; //European Fresh and Young Researchers (EFYR)/ ; //University of Milano-Bicocca/ ; //orted by Netaji Subhas ICAR International Fellowship/ ; //Junta de Andalucía/ ; },
abstract = {Phytoplankton is an essential resource in aquatic ecosystems, situated at the base of aquatic food webs. Plastic pollution can impact these organisms, potentially affecting the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. The interaction between plastics and phytoplankton is multifaceted: while microplastics can exert toxic effects on phytoplankton, plastics can also act as a substrate for colonisation. By reviewing the existing literature, this study aims to address pivotal questions concerning the intricate interplay among plastics and phytoplankton/phytobenthos and analyse impacts on fundamental ecosystem processes (e.g. primary production, nutrient cycling). This investigation spans both marine and freshwater ecosystems, examining diverse organisational levels from subcellular processes to entire ecosystems. The diverse chemical composition of plastics, along with their variable properties and role in forming the "plastisphere", underscores the complexity of their influences on aquatic environments. Morphological changes, alterations in metabolic processes, defence and stress responses, including homoaggregation and extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis, represent adaptive strategies employed by phytoplankton to cope with plastic-induced stress. Plastics also serve as potential habitats for harmful algae and invasive species, thereby influencing biodiversity and environmental conditions. Processes affected by phytoplankton-plastic interaction can have cascading effects throughout the aquatic food web via altered bottom-up and top-down processes. This review emphasises that our understanding of how these multiple interactions compare in impact on natural processes is far from complete, and uncertainty persists regarding whether they drive significant alterations in ecological variables. A lack of comprehensive investigation poses a risk of overlooking fundamental aspects in addressing the environmental challenges associated with widespread plastic pollution.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-14
Sex-ratio distortion in a weed biological control agent, Ceratapion basicorne (Coleoptera: Brentidae), associated with a species of Rickettsia.
Environmental entomology pii:7900586 [Epub ahead of print].
Many endosymbionts of insects have been shown to manipulate and alter their hosts' reproduction with implications for agriculture, disease transmission, and ecological systems. Less studied are the microbiota of classical biological control agents and the implications of inadvertent endosymbionts in laboratory colonies for field establishment and effects on target pests or nontarget organisms. While native-range field populations of agents may have a low incidence of vertically transmitted endosymbionts, quarantine and laboratory rearing of inbred populations may increase this low prevalence to fixation in relatively few generations. Fixation of detrimental endosymbionts in founding biological control agent populations prior to release may have far-reaching effects. Significant female-biased sex-ratio distortion was found within laboratory populations of the weevil Ceratapion basicorne (Illiger), a classical biological control agent that was recently approved for use against yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.). This sex-ratio distortion was observed to be vertically inherited and reversible through antibiotic treatment of the host insect. Molecular diagnostics identified a Rickettsia sp. as the only bacterial endosymbiont present in breeding lines with distorted sex ratios and implicated this as the first reported Rickettsia associated with sex-ratio distortion within the superfamily Curculionoidea.
Additional Links: PMID-39541572
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@article {pmid39541572,
year = {2024},
author = {Gladem, KB and Rugman-Jones, PF and Shelton, EK and Hanrahan, KS and Bean, DW and Rector, BG},
title = {Sex-ratio distortion in a weed biological control agent, Ceratapion basicorne (Coleoptera: Brentidae), associated with a species of Rickettsia.},
journal = {Environmental entomology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/ee/nvae115},
pmid = {39541572},
issn = {1938-2936},
support = {AP23PPQFO000C398//USDA/ ; 22-DG-11010000-005//US Forest Service/ ; },
abstract = {Many endosymbionts of insects have been shown to manipulate and alter their hosts' reproduction with implications for agriculture, disease transmission, and ecological systems. Less studied are the microbiota of classical biological control agents and the implications of inadvertent endosymbionts in laboratory colonies for field establishment and effects on target pests or nontarget organisms. While native-range field populations of agents may have a low incidence of vertically transmitted endosymbionts, quarantine and laboratory rearing of inbred populations may increase this low prevalence to fixation in relatively few generations. Fixation of detrimental endosymbionts in founding biological control agent populations prior to release may have far-reaching effects. Significant female-biased sex-ratio distortion was found within laboratory populations of the weevil Ceratapion basicorne (Illiger), a classical biological control agent that was recently approved for use against yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.). This sex-ratio distortion was observed to be vertically inherited and reversible through antibiotic treatment of the host insect. Molecular diagnostics identified a Rickettsia sp. as the only bacterial endosymbiont present in breeding lines with distorted sex ratios and implicated this as the first reported Rickettsia associated with sex-ratio distortion within the superfamily Curculionoidea.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-14
Beautiful Killers-The Goldfish Effect.
Global change biology, 30(11):e17582.
Additional Links: PMID-39539194
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@article {pmid39539194,
year = {2024},
author = {Fehlinger, L},
title = {Beautiful Killers-The Goldfish Effect.},
journal = {Global change biology},
volume = {30},
number = {11},
pages = {e17582},
doi = {10.1111/gcb.17582},
pmid = {39539194},
issn = {1365-2486},
support = {//Gesellschaft für Forschungsförderung Niederösterreich, Exzellenzstipendium Studium/ ; },
}
RevDate: 2024-11-13
CmpDate: 2024-11-13
Waste reduction decreases rat activity from peri-urban environment.
PloS one, 19(11):e0308917 pii:PONE-D-24-06387.
Globally, species in the genus Rattus (specifically Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus), are some of the most influential invasive taxa due to their high rates of competitive exclusion and large dietary breadth. However, the specific foraging strategies of urban-adjacent populations remain largely unknown. We examined Rattus spp. dependency on human food supplementation in a population on adjacent non-developed (or peri-urban) land. Via linear regression modeling, we measured rodent activity changes between native and invasive species before and after a decrease in human supplementation due to the COVID-19 lockdown in Santa Cruz, California, USA. We documented invasive rat activity via camera traps in normal (pre-COVID lockdown) conditions near dining halls and similar waste sources, and again under COVID lockdown conditions when sources of human supplementation were drastically decreased. After 120 trap nights we found a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in Rattus activity after the removal of human refuse, while native small mammal activity remained unchanged (p = 0.1). These results have strong conservation implications, as they support the hypothesis that proper waste management is an effective, less-invasive form of population control over conventional rodenticides.
Additional Links: PMID-39536030
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PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39536030,
year = {2024},
author = {Shukla, I and Wilmers, CC},
title = {Waste reduction decreases rat activity from peri-urban environment.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {19},
number = {11},
pages = {e0308917},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0308917},
pmid = {39536030},
issn = {1932-6203},
mesh = {Animals ; Rats ; Humans ; *COVID-19/prevention & control ; Waste Management/methods ; Introduced Species ; California ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; },
abstract = {Globally, species in the genus Rattus (specifically Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus), are some of the most influential invasive taxa due to their high rates of competitive exclusion and large dietary breadth. However, the specific foraging strategies of urban-adjacent populations remain largely unknown. We examined Rattus spp. dependency on human food supplementation in a population on adjacent non-developed (or peri-urban) land. Via linear regression modeling, we measured rodent activity changes between native and invasive species before and after a decrease in human supplementation due to the COVID-19 lockdown in Santa Cruz, California, USA. We documented invasive rat activity via camera traps in normal (pre-COVID lockdown) conditions near dining halls and similar waste sources, and again under COVID lockdown conditions when sources of human supplementation were drastically decreased. After 120 trap nights we found a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in Rattus activity after the removal of human refuse, while native small mammal activity remained unchanged (p = 0.1). These results have strong conservation implications, as they support the hypothesis that proper waste management is an effective, less-invasive form of population control over conventional rodenticides.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
Rats
Humans
*COVID-19/prevention & control
Waste Management/methods
Introduced Species
California
SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification
RevDate: 2024-11-14
The Oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis Linnaeus, 1771 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): diagnosis, potential distribution, and geometric morphometrics across its natural distribution range.
Frontiers in insect science, 4:1384598.
We present a short review of the biology, diagnostic characteristics, and invasiveness of the Oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis. We also performed an analysis of the shape of the forewings (geometric morphometrics) of different geographic groups along their native distribution and their potential geographical distribution using the MaxEnt entropy modeling. Our results show a wide potential expansion range of the species, including an increase in environmentally suitable areas in Europe, Asia, and Africa but more especially the Western Hemisphere, where the species was recently introduced. The geometric morphometric analysis of the forewings shows that there are three different morphogroups: one distributed along the Mediterranean coast of Europe and the Middle East (MEDI), another along the Arabian Peninsula and Western Asia but excluding the Mediterranean coast (MEAS), and one more in northern Africa north of the Sahara and south of the Mediterranean coast (AFRI), all of which show differences in their potential distribution as a result of the pressure from the different environments and which will also determine the capacity of the different morphogroups to successfully invade new habitats.
Additional Links: PMID-39534886
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Citation:
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@article {pmid39534886,
year = {2024},
author = {Smith-Pardo, AH and Altamiranda-Saavedra, M and Polly, PD},
title = {The Oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis Linnaeus, 1771 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): diagnosis, potential distribution, and geometric morphometrics across its natural distribution range.},
journal = {Frontiers in insect science},
volume = {4},
number = {},
pages = {1384598},
pmid = {39534886},
issn = {2673-8600},
abstract = {We present a short review of the biology, diagnostic characteristics, and invasiveness of the Oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis. We also performed an analysis of the shape of the forewings (geometric morphometrics) of different geographic groups along their native distribution and their potential geographical distribution using the MaxEnt entropy modeling. Our results show a wide potential expansion range of the species, including an increase in environmentally suitable areas in Europe, Asia, and Africa but more especially the Western Hemisphere, where the species was recently introduced. The geometric morphometric analysis of the forewings shows that there are three different morphogroups: one distributed along the Mediterranean coast of Europe and the Middle East (MEDI), another along the Arabian Peninsula and Western Asia but excluding the Mediterranean coast (MEAS), and one more in northern Africa north of the Sahara and south of the Mediterranean coast (AFRI), all of which show differences in their potential distribution as a result of the pressure from the different environments and which will also determine the capacity of the different morphogroups to successfully invade new habitats.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-14
Sex Pheromone Mediates Resource Partitioning Between Drosophila melanogaster and D. suzukii.
Evolutionary applications, 17(11):e70042.
The spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii and the cosmopolitan vinegar fly D. melanogaster feed on soft fruit and berries and widely overlap in geographic range. The presence of D. melanogaster reduces egg-laying in D. suzukii, possibly because D. melanogaster outcompetes D. suzukii larvae feeding in the same fruit substrate. Flies use pheromones to communicate for mating, but pheromones also serve a role in reproductive isolation between related species. We asked whether a D. melanogaster pheromone also modulates oviposition behaviour in D. suzukii. A dual-choice oviposition assay confirms that D. suzukii lays fewer eggs on blueberries exposed to D. melanogaster flies and further shows that female flies have a stronger effect than male flies. This was corroborated by treating berries with synthetic pheromones. Avoidance of D. suzukii oviposition is mediated by the female D. melanogaster pheromone (Z)-4-undecenal (Z4-11Al). Significantly fewer eggs were laid on berries treated with synthetic Z4-11Al. In comparison, the male pheromone (Z)-11-octadecenyl acetate (cVA) had no effect on D. suzukii oviposition. Z4-11Al is a highly volatile compound that is perceived via olfaction and it is accordingly behaviourally active at a distance from the source. D. suzukii is known to engage in mutual niche construction with the yeast Hanseniaspora uvarum, which strongly attracts flies. Adding Z4-11Al to fermenting H. uvarum significantly decreased D. suzukii flight attraction in a laboratory wind tunnel and a field trapping assay. That a D. melanogaster pheromone regulates oviposition in D. suzukii demonstrates that heterospecific pheromone communication contributes to reproductive isolation and resource partitioning in cognate species. Stimulo-deterrent diversion or push-pull methods, building on combined use of attractant and deterrent compounds, have shown promise for control of D. suzukii. A pheromone that specifically reduces D. suzukii attraction and oviposition adds to the toolbox for D. suzukii integrated management.
Additional Links: PMID-39534538
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@article {pmid39534538,
year = {2024},
author = {Kwadha, CA and Rehermann, G and Tasso, D and Fellous, S and Bengtsson, M and Wallin, EA and Flöhr, A and Witzgall, P and Becher, PG},
title = {Sex Pheromone Mediates Resource Partitioning Between Drosophila melanogaster and D. suzukii.},
journal = {Evolutionary applications},
volume = {17},
number = {11},
pages = {e70042},
pmid = {39534538},
issn = {1752-4571},
abstract = {The spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii and the cosmopolitan vinegar fly D. melanogaster feed on soft fruit and berries and widely overlap in geographic range. The presence of D. melanogaster reduces egg-laying in D. suzukii, possibly because D. melanogaster outcompetes D. suzukii larvae feeding in the same fruit substrate. Flies use pheromones to communicate for mating, but pheromones also serve a role in reproductive isolation between related species. We asked whether a D. melanogaster pheromone also modulates oviposition behaviour in D. suzukii. A dual-choice oviposition assay confirms that D. suzukii lays fewer eggs on blueberries exposed to D. melanogaster flies and further shows that female flies have a stronger effect than male flies. This was corroborated by treating berries with synthetic pheromones. Avoidance of D. suzukii oviposition is mediated by the female D. melanogaster pheromone (Z)-4-undecenal (Z4-11Al). Significantly fewer eggs were laid on berries treated with synthetic Z4-11Al. In comparison, the male pheromone (Z)-11-octadecenyl acetate (cVA) had no effect on D. suzukii oviposition. Z4-11Al is a highly volatile compound that is perceived via olfaction and it is accordingly behaviourally active at a distance from the source. D. suzukii is known to engage in mutual niche construction with the yeast Hanseniaspora uvarum, which strongly attracts flies. Adding Z4-11Al to fermenting H. uvarum significantly decreased D. suzukii flight attraction in a laboratory wind tunnel and a field trapping assay. That a D. melanogaster pheromone regulates oviposition in D. suzukii demonstrates that heterospecific pheromone communication contributes to reproductive isolation and resource partitioning in cognate species. Stimulo-deterrent diversion or push-pull methods, building on combined use of attractant and deterrent compounds, have shown promise for control of D. suzukii. A pheromone that specifically reduces D. suzukii attraction and oviposition adds to the toolbox for D. suzukii integrated management.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-14
CmpDate: 2024-11-14
Preparation for targeted sterile insect technique to control invasive Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in southern California: dose-dependent response, survivorship, and competitiveness.
Journal of medical entomology, 61(6):1420-1426.
Aedes aegypti is fast spreading across California, with over 300 cities within 22 central and southern counties being infested since its introduction in 2013. Due to its cryptic breeding habitats, control efforts have not been successful so far. This calls for innovative tools such as sterile insect technique (SIT) to reinforce the existing integrated pest management (IPM). Here, we assessed fitness, survivorship, and dose response of X-ray irradiated male Ae. aegypti in California. Locally acquired Ae. aegypti eggs were hatched and reared in temperature-controlled laboratory setting at the West Valley Mosquito and Vector Control District in Ontario, California. Freshly emerged adult male mosquitoes were manually separated using motor-operated aspirators and treated with X-ray radiation at different dosage (42-60 Gy). Dose response of irradiated males was analyzed and induced sterility determined. Survivorship of males treated with different X-ray doses was compared. Fecundity of females that mated with irradiated males at different X-ray doses was generally comparable. Overall, induced sterility increased with higher X-ray doses. Nulliparous females that mated with male Ae. aegypti treated with 55-60 Gy laid eggs with over 99% sterility. Non-irradiated male mosquitoes had higher survivorship (mean = 0.78; P = 0.0331) than irradiated mosquitoes (mean range = 0.50-0.65). The competitiveness index of irradiated males decreased with increasing X-ray treatment doses, 1.14 at 55 Gy and 0.49 at 60 Gy, and this difference was significant (P < 0.01). Irradiated males showed high survivorship and competitiveness-key for the anticipated SIT application for the control of invasive Ae. aegypti in California.
Additional Links: PMID-39163869
Publisher:
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39163869,
year = {2024},
author = {Birhanie, SK and Thieme Castellon, J and Macias, A and Casas, R and Brown, MQ},
title = {Preparation for targeted sterile insect technique to control invasive Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in southern California: dose-dependent response, survivorship, and competitiveness.},
journal = {Journal of medical entomology},
volume = {61},
number = {6},
pages = {1420-1426},
doi = {10.1093/jme/tjae106},
pmid = {39163869},
issn = {1938-2928},
mesh = {Animals ; *Aedes/radiation effects/physiology ; California ; Male ; *Mosquito Control/methods ; Female ; *Pest Control, Biological/methods ; Introduced Species ; Survivorship ; Fertility/radiation effects ; X-Rays ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; },
abstract = {Aedes aegypti is fast spreading across California, with over 300 cities within 22 central and southern counties being infested since its introduction in 2013. Due to its cryptic breeding habitats, control efforts have not been successful so far. This calls for innovative tools such as sterile insect technique (SIT) to reinforce the existing integrated pest management (IPM). Here, we assessed fitness, survivorship, and dose response of X-ray irradiated male Ae. aegypti in California. Locally acquired Ae. aegypti eggs were hatched and reared in temperature-controlled laboratory setting at the West Valley Mosquito and Vector Control District in Ontario, California. Freshly emerged adult male mosquitoes were manually separated using motor-operated aspirators and treated with X-ray radiation at different dosage (42-60 Gy). Dose response of irradiated males was analyzed and induced sterility determined. Survivorship of males treated with different X-ray doses was compared. Fecundity of females that mated with irradiated males at different X-ray doses was generally comparable. Overall, induced sterility increased with higher X-ray doses. Nulliparous females that mated with male Ae. aegypti treated with 55-60 Gy laid eggs with over 99% sterility. Non-irradiated male mosquitoes had higher survivorship (mean = 0.78; P = 0.0331) than irradiated mosquitoes (mean range = 0.50-0.65). The competitiveness index of irradiated males decreased with increasing X-ray treatment doses, 1.14 at 55 Gy and 0.49 at 60 Gy, and this difference was significant (P < 0.01). Irradiated males showed high survivorship and competitiveness-key for the anticipated SIT application for the control of invasive Ae. aegypti in California.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
*Aedes/radiation effects/physiology
California
Male
*Mosquito Control/methods
Female
*Pest Control, Biological/methods
Introduced Species
Survivorship
Fertility/radiation effects
X-Rays
Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
RevDate: 2024-11-13
Evaluating Sorghum bicolor resistance to Solidago canadensis invasion under different nitrogen scenarios.
Frontiers in plant science, 15:1468816.
Ecosystem exposure to a biological invasion such as plant invasion could contribute to the extinction of native species and loss of productivity and ecosystem balance. Solidago canadensis (S. canadensis) is a highly invasive species that has formed monocultures in China, Europe, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. It was designated as a notorious invasive species by the Chinese government. It has adversely affected the agroecosystem's ability to germinate various plant seeds, including wheat, lettuce, and pepper, which could lead to food insecurity. This study was conducted to control the invasive species S. canadensis by utilizing a competitive species, Sorghum bicolor (S. bicolor) as a cover plant. Sorghum bicolor exudes allelochemicals such as sorgoleone from its roots which suppress the photosystem II activity of nearby plants. The synthesis of sorgoleone depends on a supply of nitrogen. The present study involved the cultivation of S. bicolor alongside the invasive species S. canadensis, with three different invasion levels (high, medium, and low) and three different nitrogen forms (ammonical, nitrate, and combined ammonical and nitrate nitrogen) applied as a modified Hogland solution. S. bicolor expressed higher performance over the invasive species under ammonical and combined nitrogen forms under low and medium invasion levels. Furthermore, even at greater levels of invasion, S. bicolor was not suppressed by S. canadensis. However, the plant height and dry biomass of S. bicolor were significantly high across both nitrogen forms. Leaf area, CO2 uptake, and photosystem II activity of S. canadensis were unable to sustain its growth under the low invasion condition. The plant biomass of S. canadensis was suppressed by up to 80% and the relative dominance index of S. bicolor was 5.22 over S. canadensis. There was a strong correlation between CO2 uptake, leaf area, and plant biomass. Principal component analysis showed that the first four components had a total variance of 96.89%, with principal component 1 (PC1) having the highest eigenvalue at 18.65. These promising findings suggested that S. bicolor, whose high intensity might be employed to control the invasion process for environmental safety, might be able to recover the barren ground that S. canadensis had invaded.
Additional Links: PMID-39534106
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Citation:
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@article {pmid39534106,
year = {2024},
author = {Anas, M and Khan, IU and Alomrani, SO and Nawaz, M and Huang, ZY and Alshehri, MA and Al-Ghanim, KA and Qi, SS and Li, J and Dai, ZC and Ali, S and Du, DL},
title = {Evaluating Sorghum bicolor resistance to Solidago canadensis invasion under different nitrogen scenarios.},
journal = {Frontiers in plant science},
volume = {15},
number = {},
pages = {1468816},
pmid = {39534106},
issn = {1664-462X},
abstract = {Ecosystem exposure to a biological invasion such as plant invasion could contribute to the extinction of native species and loss of productivity and ecosystem balance. Solidago canadensis (S. canadensis) is a highly invasive species that has formed monocultures in China, Europe, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. It was designated as a notorious invasive species by the Chinese government. It has adversely affected the agroecosystem's ability to germinate various plant seeds, including wheat, lettuce, and pepper, which could lead to food insecurity. This study was conducted to control the invasive species S. canadensis by utilizing a competitive species, Sorghum bicolor (S. bicolor) as a cover plant. Sorghum bicolor exudes allelochemicals such as sorgoleone from its roots which suppress the photosystem II activity of nearby plants. The synthesis of sorgoleone depends on a supply of nitrogen. The present study involved the cultivation of S. bicolor alongside the invasive species S. canadensis, with three different invasion levels (high, medium, and low) and three different nitrogen forms (ammonical, nitrate, and combined ammonical and nitrate nitrogen) applied as a modified Hogland solution. S. bicolor expressed higher performance over the invasive species under ammonical and combined nitrogen forms under low and medium invasion levels. Furthermore, even at greater levels of invasion, S. bicolor was not suppressed by S. canadensis. However, the plant height and dry biomass of S. bicolor were significantly high across both nitrogen forms. Leaf area, CO2 uptake, and photosystem II activity of S. canadensis were unable to sustain its growth under the low invasion condition. The plant biomass of S. canadensis was suppressed by up to 80% and the relative dominance index of S. bicolor was 5.22 over S. canadensis. There was a strong correlation between CO2 uptake, leaf area, and plant biomass. Principal component analysis showed that the first four components had a total variance of 96.89%, with principal component 1 (PC1) having the highest eigenvalue at 18.65. These promising findings suggested that S. bicolor, whose high intensity might be employed to control the invasion process for environmental safety, might be able to recover the barren ground that S. canadensis had invaded.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-11
Early Alarm on the First Occurrence of the Southern Giant Hornet Vespa soror du Buysson, 1905 (Vespidae) in Europe.
Ecology and evolution, 14(11):e70502.
An eco-monitoring program to assess the biodiversity of insects affected by yellow-legged hornet (Vespa velutina) trapping in the north of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain) revealed the first occurrence of the southern giant hornet Vespa soror (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) on the European continent. We present a detailed characterization, combining morphological characteristics and molecular tools for genetic identification, as well as key information on its identification with respect to other hornets found on the Iberian Peninsula. We discuss the most plausible pathways and vectors of introduction, its potential invasiveness, and subsequent impacts on host localities. Our preliminary results raise concerns about the potential threat of V. soror to human health and ecosystem dynamics, as it is a highly predatory species on other insects and even small vertebrates. Finally, this study confirms once again the usefulness of studying insects trapped in such traps for rapid response and early detection of inland invasive species. We also propose a common Spanish name for the species, "avispón sóror".
Additional Links: PMID-39524309
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Citation:
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@article {pmid39524309,
year = {2024},
author = {Sánchez, O and Castro, L and Fueyo, Á and Borrell, YJ and Arias, A},
title = {Early Alarm on the First Occurrence of the Southern Giant Hornet Vespa soror du Buysson, 1905 (Vespidae) in Europe.},
journal = {Ecology and evolution},
volume = {14},
number = {11},
pages = {e70502},
pmid = {39524309},
issn = {2045-7758},
abstract = {An eco-monitoring program to assess the biodiversity of insects affected by yellow-legged hornet (Vespa velutina) trapping in the north of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain) revealed the first occurrence of the southern giant hornet Vespa soror (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) on the European continent. We present a detailed characterization, combining morphological characteristics and molecular tools for genetic identification, as well as key information on its identification with respect to other hornets found on the Iberian Peninsula. We discuss the most plausible pathways and vectors of introduction, its potential invasiveness, and subsequent impacts on host localities. Our preliminary results raise concerns about the potential threat of V. soror to human health and ecosystem dynamics, as it is a highly predatory species on other insects and even small vertebrates. Finally, this study confirms once again the usefulness of studying insects trapped in such traps for rapid response and early detection of inland invasive species. We also propose a common Spanish name for the species, "avispón sóror".},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-08
Catching invasives with curiosity: the importance of passive biosecurity surveillance systems for invasive forest pest detection.
Environmental entomology pii:7885648 [Epub ahead of print].
First detections of nonnative insect species are often made by curious members of the public rather than by specialists or trained professionals. Passive surveillance is a crucial component of national biosecurity surveillance, highlighted by early detection case studies of several prominent nonnative arthropod pests (e.g., Asian longhorned beetle [ALB], Jorō spider, spotted lanternfly). These examples demonstrate that curiosity and the recognition of novelty in the natural world, along with enabling technology and systems, are a critical part of early detection and effective invasive species management. This is particularly impactful when dealing with conspicuous pests or for new and emerging nonnative species that have yet to be detected in a new location. Data from historical and recent accounts of first detections of ALB incursions and other invasive forest pests underscore the need to invest in passive surveillance reporting systems and fully integrate public observations into existing surveillance frameworks. New automated approaches streamline the assessment of public observations and can generate pest alerts to initiate a formal regulatory assessment. Biodiversity monitoring platforms, such as iNaturalist, provide a focal point for community engagement and aggregate verified public observations. Empowering proactive reporting of biological novelty provides needed support for early detection of invasive species. Embracing the public as active members of the surveillance community can be cost effective and lead to the greatest gains in the proactive management of invasive species around the world.
Additional Links: PMID-39513514
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PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39513514,
year = {2024},
author = {Roe, AD and Greenwood, LF and Coyle, DR},
title = {Catching invasives with curiosity: the importance of passive biosecurity surveillance systems for invasive forest pest detection.},
journal = {Environmental entomology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/ee/nvae082},
pmid = {39513514},
issn = {1938-2936},
support = {SC-1050622//NIFA/ ; //USDA/ ; },
abstract = {First detections of nonnative insect species are often made by curious members of the public rather than by specialists or trained professionals. Passive surveillance is a crucial component of national biosecurity surveillance, highlighted by early detection case studies of several prominent nonnative arthropod pests (e.g., Asian longhorned beetle [ALB], Jorō spider, spotted lanternfly). These examples demonstrate that curiosity and the recognition of novelty in the natural world, along with enabling technology and systems, are a critical part of early detection and effective invasive species management. This is particularly impactful when dealing with conspicuous pests or for new and emerging nonnative species that have yet to be detected in a new location. Data from historical and recent accounts of first detections of ALB incursions and other invasive forest pests underscore the need to invest in passive surveillance reporting systems and fully integrate public observations into existing surveillance frameworks. New automated approaches streamline the assessment of public observations and can generate pest alerts to initiate a formal regulatory assessment. Biodiversity monitoring platforms, such as iNaturalist, provide a focal point for community engagement and aggregate verified public observations. Empowering proactive reporting of biological novelty provides needed support for early detection of invasive species. Embracing the public as active members of the surveillance community can be cost effective and lead to the greatest gains in the proactive management of invasive species around the world.},
}
RevDate: 2024-11-07
CmpDate: 2024-11-07
Metabolomics reveals altered biochemical phenotype of an invasive plant with potential to impair its biocontrol agent's establishment and effectiveness.
Scientific reports, 14(1):27150.
A plausible, but largely unexplored reason for many weed biocontrol agents failing to establish or being ineffective, could involve abiotically induced changes to an invasive plants' biochemical phenotype and consequent enhanced herbivore resistance. Considerable literature demonstrates that chemically altered plant phenotypes can impair insect life history performance. Heather beetle, (Lochmaea suturalis), introduced to control invasive heather (Calluna vulgaris) in New Zealand (NZ) was difficult to establish and displays variable effectiveness. Using UHPLC-MS non-targeted metabolomics, we analysed primary and secondary metabolites of C. vulgaris from its native range (Scotland) and it's introduced range (NZ), between which, differences in soil nutrients and ultraviolet light exist. We also explored secondary metabolite variation between sites within each range. New Zealand samples had the highest number of amplified metabolites, most notably defensive phenylpropanoids, supporting the concept of abiotically induced upregulation of key biosynthetic pathways. Analysis of secondary metabolite variation within each range revealed differences between sites but found little correlation of phenylpropanoid levels being influenced by variable soil nutrients. These results validate questions about the possibility of abiotically altered biochemical phenotypes in invasive plants, influencing weed biocontrol agent establishment and effectiveness, and show the potential for metabolomics in assisting future, or retrospectively analysing biological control programmes.
Additional Links: PMID-39511211
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39511211,
year = {2024},
author = {Barrett, DP and Subbaraj, AK and Pakeman, RJ and Peterson, P and McCormick, AC},
title = {Metabolomics reveals altered biochemical phenotype of an invasive plant with potential to impair its biocontrol agent's establishment and effectiveness.},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {27150},
pmid = {39511211},
issn = {2045-2322},
mesh = {*Metabolomics/methods ; *Introduced Species ; *Coleoptera/metabolism/physiology ; Animals ; *Phenotype ; New Zealand ; Metabolome ; Pest Control, Biological ; Biological Control Agents/metabolism ; },
abstract = {A plausible, but largely unexplored reason for many weed biocontrol agents failing to establish or being ineffective, could involve abiotically induced changes to an invasive plants' biochemical phenotype and consequent enhanced herbivore resistance. Considerable literature demonstrates that chemically altered plant phenotypes can impair insect life history performance. Heather beetle, (Lochmaea suturalis), introduced to control invasive heather (Calluna vulgaris) in New Zealand (NZ) was difficult to establish and displays variable effectiveness. Using UHPLC-MS non-targeted metabolomics, we analysed primary and secondary metabolites of C. vulgaris from its native range (Scotland) and it's introduced range (NZ), between which, differences in soil nutrients and ultraviolet light exist. We also explored secondary metabolite variation between sites within each range. New Zealand samples had the highest number of amplified metabolites, most notably defensive phenylpropanoids, supporting the concept of abiotically induced upregulation of key biosynthetic pathways. Analysis of secondary metabolite variation within each range revealed differences between sites but found little correlation of phenylpropanoid levels being influenced by variable soil nutrients. These results validate questions about the possibility of abiotically altered biochemical phenotypes in invasive plants, influencing weed biocontrol agent establishment and effectiveness, and show the potential for metabolomics in assisting future, or retrospectively analysing biological control programmes.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
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*Metabolomics/methods
*Introduced Species
*Coleoptera/metabolism/physiology
Animals
*Phenotype
New Zealand
Metabolome
Pest Control, Biological
Biological Control Agents/metabolism
RevDate: 2024-11-07
CmpDate: 2024-11-07
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the invasive Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea) from polluted urban river areas of Bangladesh and evaluation of human health risk.
Environmental monitoring and assessment, 196(12):1178.
The invasive Asian clam species, Corbicula fluminea, has significant ecological and societal implications at both local and international levels due to its nutritional aspects. C. fluminea from four urban rivers in Bangladesh exhibited negative allometric growth and degree of contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs), which posed a concern to human health based on the AAS and USEPA risk models. The highest mean concentration of PTEs followed a decreasing order: Zn (155.08 ± 4.98 mg/kg) > Cu (53.96 ± 7.61 mg/kg) > Mn (14.29 ± 3.25 mg/kg) > Cd (2.23 ± 0.10 mg/kg) > Pb (1.64 ± 0.14 mg/kg) > As (1.51 ± 0.45 mg/kg) > Ni (1.25 ± 0.27 mg/kg) > Cr (0.65 ± 0.02 mg/kg) in C. fluminea and raising safety concerns. With the exception of Cr and Mn, all element levels were exceeded safety guideline value (SGV) (mg/kg. ww) and exhibited a strong positive correlation (p < 0.05) among the sites. The target hazard quotient of Mn is THQ > 1, and As showed a non-carcinogenic risk in children at OBR, BR, and MR site. The hazard index (HI > 1) value at the BR and MR sites indicated a public health risk associated with the clam. The target cancer risk (TCR) values for As, Cd, and Ni showed that consuming clams posed a carcinogenic risk to human health. These findings suggest that eating these clams may put consumers at significant risk for health issues related to As, Cd, Ni, and Mn exposure. The study emphasizes the need for strict monitoring and preventative measures to reduce the health risks posed by PTEs contamination in clams.
Additional Links: PMID-39508909
PubMed:
Citation:
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@article {pmid39508909,
year = {2024},
author = {Hossain, MM and Wang, S and Liang, Z and Geng, A and Jahan, I and Tripty, SJ and Maxwell, SJ and Hossain, I and Sethupathy, S and Zhu, D},
title = {Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the invasive Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea) from polluted urban river areas of Bangladesh and evaluation of human health risk.},
journal = {Environmental monitoring and assessment},
volume = {196},
number = {12},
pages = {1178},
pmid = {39508909},
issn = {1573-2959},
mesh = {Animals ; Bangladesh ; *Corbicula ; *Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Humans ; *Environmental Monitoring ; Risk Assessment ; *Rivers/chemistry ; Metals, Heavy/analysis ; Introduced Species ; },
abstract = {The invasive Asian clam species, Corbicula fluminea, has significant ecological and societal implications at both local and international levels due to its nutritional aspects. C. fluminea from four urban rivers in Bangladesh exhibited negative allometric growth and degree of contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs), which posed a concern to human health based on the AAS and USEPA risk models. The highest mean concentration of PTEs followed a decreasing order: Zn (155.08 ± 4.98 mg/kg) > Cu (53.96 ± 7.61 mg/kg) > Mn (14.29 ± 3.25 mg/kg) > Cd (2.23 ± 0.10 mg/kg) > Pb (1.64 ± 0.14 mg/kg) > As (1.51 ± 0.45 mg/kg) > Ni (1.25 ± 0.27 mg/kg) > Cr (0.65 ± 0.02 mg/kg) in C. fluminea and raising safety concerns. With the exception of Cr and Mn, all element levels were exceeded safety guideline value (SGV) (mg/kg. ww) and exhibited a strong positive correlation (p < 0.05) among the sites. The target hazard quotient of Mn is THQ > 1, and As showed a non-carcinogenic risk in children at OBR, BR, and MR site. The hazard index (HI > 1) value at the BR and MR sites indicated a public health risk associated with the clam. The target cancer risk (TCR) values for As, Cd, and Ni showed that consuming clams posed a carcinogenic risk to human health. These findings suggest that eating these clams may put consumers at significant risk for health issues related to As, Cd, Ni, and Mn exposure. The study emphasizes the need for strict monitoring and preventative measures to reduce the health risks posed by PTEs contamination in clams.},
}
MeSH Terms:
show MeSH Terms
hide MeSH Terms
Animals
Bangladesh
*Corbicula
*Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
Humans
*Environmental Monitoring
Risk Assessment
*Rivers/chemistry
Metals, Heavy/analysis
Introduced Species
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This is a must read book for anyone with an interest in invasion biology. The full title of the book lays out the author's premise — The New Wild: Why Invasive Species Will Be Nature's Salvation. Not only is species movement not bad for ecosystems, it is the way that ecosystems respond to perturbation — it is the way ecosystems heal. Even if you are one of those who is absolutely convinced that invasive species are actually "a blight, pollution, an epidemic, or a cancer on nature", you should read this book to clarify your own thinking. True scientific understanding never comes from just interacting with those with whom you already agree. R. Robbins
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